To thoroughly implement the strategic deployment outlined in the Opinions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council on Promoting the Inheritance and Innovative Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine regarding research on dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine and to uphold the development philosophy of equal emphasis on traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine，the China Association of Chinese Medicine has fully played a leading academic role by systematically organizing and conducting a series of academic youth salons on clinical dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine. On September 13，2024，the 36^th Youth Salon on Clinical Dominant Diseases was successfully held in Nanjing，focusing on the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine and the integrative traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction （ED）. The conference brought together leading experts from traditional Chinese medicine，western medicine，and interdisciplinary fields，facilitating in-depth multidisciplinary discussions that led to key consensus on optimizing traditional Chinese medicine treatment protocols for ED，researching and developing new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，and advancing interdisciplinary development in traditional Chinese medicine. This salon systematically sorted out the clinical strengths and distinctive features of traditional Chinese medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of ED. Based on current research foundations and clinical needs，it identified key directions for future scientific layout and scientific research tackling： （1） Standardization of syndrome differentiation system of traditional Chinese medicine for ED. （2） Optimization and standardization of intervention methods of integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine. （3） High-quality clinical research guided by evidence-based medicine. （4） In-depth analysis of the pharmacological mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of ED. （5） Clinical translation and application promotion of new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine. （6） Interdisciplinary integration and innovation in traditional Chinese medicine. For each research direction，key focus areas，expected objectives，and clinical value were further refined，along with the establishment of a scientifically sound priority funding level evaluation system. Therefore，building on the series of salons on the ED-focused dominant diseases of traditional Chinese medicine，this paper provides standardized guidance for clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine in ED management，effectively contributing to the high-quality development of traditional Chinese medicine. It serves as a valuable reference for national scientific and technological strategic layout， research and development decision-making in new drugs of traditional Chinese medicine，research topic planning，and clinical guideline formulation.

Dental treatments for children and adolescents have unique clinical characteristics that differ from dental care for adults in terms of children's physiology, psychology, and behavior. These differences impose specific requirements on the application of local anesthesia in pediatric dental procedures. This article presents expert consensus on the principles of local anesthesia techniques in pediatric dental therapies, including the use of common anesthetic drugs and dosage control, safety and efficacy evaluation, and prevention and management of complications. The aim is to improve the safety and quality of pediatric dental treatments and offer guidance for clinical application by dentists.
Humans ; Child ; Anesthesia, Local/methods* ; Consensus ; Anesthesia, Dental/methods* ; Adolescent ; Anesthetics, Local/administration & dosage* ; Dental Care for Children

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the accuracy of a self-developed extraoral scanning system based on four-camera stereophotogrammetric technology in the acquisition of three-dimensional positional information on dental implants and conduct a comparative study involving an intraoral scanning system. METHODS: With the use of an in vitro edentulous jaw model with implants, extraoral (experimental group) and intraoral (control group) scanning systems were employed to obtain STL (Standard Tessellation Language) datasets containing three-dimensional morphological and positional information on scan bodies. In addition, a dental model scanner was used to obtain reference data. The three-dimensional morphological, linear, and angular deviations between groups and reference data were analyzed using Geomagic Wrap 2021 software to compare trueness and precision. RESULTS: The extraoral scanning system demonstrated superior trueness in three-dimensional morphological, linear, and angular deviations compared with the intraoral scanning system, with statistically significant differences (P<0.001). The extraoral scanning system also showed a higher precision in three-dimensional morphological deviation (P<0.001). As the number of implants increased, the extraoral scanning system exhibited increased three-dimensional morphological and linear deviations (P<0.001) but maintained a stable angular deviation. The intraoral scanning system displayed significant increases in three-dimensional morphological, linear, and angular deviations with the increase in the number of implants (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The stereophotogrammetry-based extraoral scanning system outperforms intraoral scanning system in terms of the accuracy for multi-unit implant positioning and provides a novel approach for attaining a fully digital workflow for implant rehabilitation in edentulous jaws.
Jaw, Edentulous ; Humans ; Dental Impression Technique ; Dental Implants ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods* ; Photogrammetry/methods* ; Models, Dental

Radical prostatectomy (RP) is the main therapeutic method for early localized prostate cancer.With the advancement of technology，robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is widely applied，which can enable better achievement of the “five wins”, including long-term tumor control，recovery of urinary control，negative surgical margins，preservation of erectile function，and reduced postoperative complications，thereby improving the treatment efficacy.This paper reviews the various surgical approaches (transabdominal，transperitoneal，transvesical，transperineal，single-hole)，current status of optional surgical equipment (da Vinci surgical robot，domestic robot)，and advantages and limitations of RARP，so as to provide reference for clinicians in choosing the optimal surgical method for prostate cancer.

Objective:To explore the coordinated development status of the medical service supply-economy-society trinity systems in Zhejiang Common Prosperity Demonstration Zone,and to offer references for formulating policies conducive to the efficient and coordinated development of these three systems.Methods:Based on the panel data from 2013 to 2022,this research was conducted on the 11 prefectural-level cities in Zhejiang Province.Firstly,an evaluation index system for the three systems was established,and the entropy method was employed to determine the weights of each index and calculate the comprehensive evaluation index.Secondly,a triangular model was introduced to delineate the relative relationships among the three systems,and the coupling coordination degree model was utilized to disclose the coordination degree of the three systems.Finally,the spatial autocorrelation analysis method was applied to investigate the spatial autocorrelation of the coupling coordination degree of the three systems.Results:(1)On the whole,the development status of the three systems has improved over time,yet the comprehensive development level remains to be improved.(2)Overall,each prefectural-level city has transited from a medical service supply-society-dominated development to a balanced and coordinated development of the medical service supply-economy-society trinity systems.The coupling coordination degree of the three systems has risen from 0.468(on the verge of imbalance)in 2013 to 0.609(primary coordination)in 2022,presenting an upward trend in general.However,the coordination level remains to be improved and there exist imbalances among regions.(3)The coupling coordination degree of the three systems in Zhejiang Province exhibits a significant positive spatial correlation,and the spatial distribution characteristics are relatively stable. Conclusion:The coupling coordination degree of the medical service supply-economy-society trinity systems in Zhejiang Province awaits further enhancement. At the level of Zhejiang Province,favorable policy support should be provided,the layout of medical resources should be rationally planned,and high-quality economic and social development should be promoted. Each prefectural-level city should formulate strategies for medical service supply,economic,and social development in accordance with its own development level and local conditions,strengthen inter-city linkage and cooperation,and thereby elevate the coordinated development level of the three systems.

Objective:To evaluate the accuracy of a self-developed extraoral scanning system based on photogrammetry technology, and to provide evidence for advancing the development and clinical application evaluation of domestically produced scanning devices.Methods:This research group developed a photogrammetry-based implant extraoral scanning system with customized scan bodies. Two distinct edentulous implant resin models were designed and three-dimensional (3D)-printed by Center of Digital Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, containing 6 (Model 1) and 8 (Model 2) abutment analogs respectively. Reference data acquisition was performed using a high-precision denture 3D scanner with scan caps mounted on the analogs. Specialized scan bodies were then mounted on the analogs for 3D positional data acquisition using both the self-developed system (experimental group) and the clinically established system (control group). Each system conducted 10 repeated scans per model. Trueness was assessed through root mean square error (RMSE), linear deviation (LD), and angular deviation (AD) relative to reference data, while precision was determined through intra-group RMSE analysis. Systematic comparisons included inter-group performance on identical models and intra-group variability across different models.Results:For Model 1, the experimental group showed statistically significant advantages over controls in intra-group RMSE [(3.10±0.71) μm vs (4.61±1.51) μm, P<0.001], reference-data RMSE [(21.48±0.60) μm vs (32.50±0.63) μm, P<0.001], linear deviation [23.64 (32.35) μm vs 44.86 (55.73) μm, P<0.001], and angular deviation [0.29° (0.29°) vs 0.23° (0.33°), P<0.001]. In Model 2, significant improvements were observed in intra-group RMSE [(4.47±1.58) μm vs (6.21±2.07) μm, P<0.001], reference-data RMSE [(38.84±0.86) μm vs (43.69±1.34) μm, P<0.001], and linear deviation [37.95 (50.68) μm vs 49.71 (58.89) μm, P<0.001]. Both groups exhibited model-dependent variability, with RMSE of precision and trueness of both groups, linear deviation of experimental group, angular deviation of control group showing statistically significant increases (all P<0.001) corresponding to abutment analog quantity. Conclusions:The self-developed scanning system demonstrates superior accuracy in 3D positional acquisition of abutment analogs compared to the contral group system, with implant number identified as a critical determinant of extraoral scanning accuracy.

Epicutaneo-cava catheters(ECC)placement plays an important role in fluid management,drug therapy and nutritional support in very low birth weight infants(VLBWI).This study reviews the selection of ECC catheters,preparation for ECC catheterization,catheterization procedures,catheter positioning and tracking,and revelations and recommendations in light of the clinical needs of VLBWI,with the aim of optimizing the clinical management of VLBWI,increasing the success rate of ECC catheterization in NICUs,decreasing the risk of complications,improving the prognosis of the children,and enhancing the quality of their clinical care.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic and endocrine disorder. Long-term hyperglycemia can lead to severe chronic complications, imposing substantial economic burdens on both society and patients. Despite the availability of various hypoglycemic agents for clinical use, these agents often fail to meet the therapeutic needs of T2DM and its complications. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies and drugs. Lithocarpus litseifolius(L. litseifolius), commonly referred to as "cordyceps on trees", has a long history of use in traditional medicine and can be applied in tea, sugar, and medicine. Research indicates that L. litseifolius extracts are rich in dihydrochalcones, including trilobatin, phloridzin, and phloretin, which exhibit a range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, hepatoprotective, and cardioprotective effects. These properties suggest potential applications in the treatment of T2DM and its complications. This review systematically compiled and organized the relevant literature from the past decade on dihydrochalcones(trilobatin, phloridzin, and phloretin) from L. litseifolius extracts. It highlighted recent research progress regarding their role in treating T2DM and its complications through mechanisms such as reducing insulin resistance, regulating glucose transport, improving glucose and lipid metabolism, modulating enzyme activity, regulating gut microbiota, and alleviating inflammation and oxidative damage. The purpose of this review is to provide a reference and basis for future research on the prevention and treatment of T2DM and its complications using dihydrochalcones(trilobatin, phloridzin, and phloretin) from L. litseifolius extracts.
Chalcones/chemistry* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism* ; Humans ; Animals ; Elaeocarpaceae/chemistry* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Hypoglycemic Agents/chemistry* ; Plant Extracts/chemistry*

This paper aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of action of the Yiqi Fumai Formula(YQFM), a kind of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), on mice with experimental heart failure based on the "heart-gut axis" theory. Based on the network pharmacology integrated with the group collaboration algorithm, the active ingredients were screened, a "component-target-disease" network was constructed, and the potential pathways regulated by the formula were predicted and analyzed. Next, the model of experimental heart failure was established by intraperitoneal injection of adriamycin at a single high dose(15 mg·kg~(-1)) in BALB/c mice. After intraperitoneal injection of YQFM(lyophilized) at 7.90, 15.80, and 31.55 mg·d~(-1) for 7 d, the protective effects of the formula on cardiac function were evaluated using indicators such as ultrasonic electrocardiography and myocardial injury markers. Combined with inflammatory factors in the cardiac and colorectal tissue, as well as targeted assays, the relevant indicators of potential pathways were verified. Meanwhile, 16S rDNA sequencing was performed on mouse fecal samples using the Illumina platform to detect changes in gut flora and analyze differential metabolic pathways. The results show that the administration of injectable YQFM(lyophilized) for 7 d significantly increased the left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter, fractional shortening, and ejection fraction of cardiac tissue of mice with experimental heart failure(P<0.05). Moreover, markers of myocardial injury were significantly decreased(P<0.05), indicating improved cardiac function, along with significantly suppressed inflammatory responses in cardiac and intestinal tissue(P<0.05). Additionally, the species of causative organisms was decreased, and the homeostasis of gut flora was improved, involving a modulatory effect on PI3K-Akt signaling pathway-related inflammation in cardiac and colorectal tissue. In conclusion, YQFM can affect the "heart-gut axis" immunity through the homeostasis of the gut flora, thereby exerting a therapeutic effect on heart failure. This finding provides a reference for the combination of TCM and western medicine to prevent and treat heart failure based on the "heart-gut axis" theory.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Heart Failure/microbiology* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Male ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects* ; Heart/physiopathology* ; Humans ; Signal Transduction/drug effects*

The zebrafish model has attracted much attention due to its strong reproductive ability, short research cycle, and ease of maintenance. It has always been an important vertebrate model system, often used to carry out human disease research. Its motor behavior features have the advantages of being simpler, more intuitive, and quantifiable. In recent years, it has received widespread attention in the study of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)for the treatment of sleep disorders, neurodegenerative diseases, fatigue, epilepsy, and other diseases. This paper reviews the characteristics of zebrafish motor behavior and its applications in the pharmacodynamic verification and mechanism research of TCM extracts, active ingredients, and TCM compounds, as well as in active ingredient screening and safety evaluation. The paper also analyzes its advantages and disadvantages, with the aim of improving the breadth and depth of zebrafish and its motor behavior applications in the field of TCM research.
Zebrafish/physiology* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical/methods* ; Animals ; Sleep Wake Disorders/physiopathology* ; Epilepsy/physiopathology* ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/physiopathology* ; Fatigue/physiopathology* ; Behavior, Animal/physiology* ; Motor Activity/physiology*