Objective To explore a novel method for early lung cancer screening based on exhaled breath analysis. Methods This study enrolled patients with suspected pulmonary malignancies and healthy individuals undergoing physical examinations at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine (Qingchun and Qiantang campuses) from September 2023 to June 2024. Enrolled subjects were categorized into a lung cancer group, a benign nodule/tumor group, and a healthy control group. Exhaled breath samples were collected using a sensor array constructed from multiple graphene composite materials to capture breath fingerprints. Based on the collected data, screening and diagnostic models for lung cancer were developed and their performance was evaluated. Results A total of 4 580 subjects were included. Among them, 3 195 were pathologically diagnosed with pulmonary malignancies, including 1 394 males and 1 801 females with a mean age of (58.93±12.37) years, 599 were diagnosed with benign nodules/tumors including 339 males and 260 females with a mean age of (57.10±11.06) years, and 786 were healthy controls with no pulmonary nodules detected on chest CT including 420 males and 366 females with a mean age of (29.75±9.32) years. There were 4 031 patients in the training set and 549 patients in the external testing set. The screening model for high-risk populations (distinguishing patients with lung cancer/high-risk pulmonary nodules from healthy individuals) demonstrated excellent performance, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.926. At the optimal Youden’s index (cutoff threshold of 63.5%), the external testing set achieved a specificity of 85.2%, a sensitivity of 88.4%, and an accuracy of 86.8%. The diagnostic model (distinguishing patients with lung cancer/premalignant lesions from those with benign pulmonary nodules/healthy individuals) achieved an AUC of 0.818. At its optimal Youden’s index (cutoff threshold of 47.0%), the external testing set showed a specificity of 71.7%, a sensitivity of 77.3%, and an accuracy of 74.5%. Conclusion The non-invasive breath analysis platform based on a sensor array, developed in this study, can achieve rapid and relatively accurate lung cancer screening by analyzing breath fingerprints. This confirms the feasibility of this technology for early lung cancer screening and holds promise for facilitating the early detection and intervention of lung cancer.

Objective:To explore the utility of adenosine stress-rest gated myocardial perfusion imaging (G-MPI) in evaluation of left ventricular (LV) myocardial perfusion, heart function, and synchronization in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).Methods:Fifty-five patients (42 males, 13 females, age (59.3±9.0) years) with multivessel coronary artery disease who underwent CABG surgery in Yan′an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University between January 2021 and June 2023 were retrospectively collected. All of them underwent G-MPI (one-day method) one week before and six months after CABG. Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare LV myocardial perfusion parameters including summed stress score (SSS), summed rest score (SRS), and summed different score (SDS) before and after CABG, as well as cardiac function parameters (LV ejection fraction (EF), LV end-diastolic volume (EDV), LV end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), peak filling rate (PFR)), and LV mechanical contraction synchronization parameters such as phase histogram bandwidth (PHB) and phase standard deviation (PSD). Differences of the changes of parameters after CABG compared to baseline (Δ) between adenosine stress imaging and rest imaging were also compared by Wilcoxon signed rank test. The relationships between rest LVEF, rest PFR and myocardial perfusion parameters were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results:After CABG, the SSS, SRS, and SDS were significantly lower than those before surgery (6(3, 12) vs 16(9, 23), 1(0, 9) vs 4(1, 15), 3(1, 5) vs 8(6, 12); z values: 6.37, 4.84, 6.24, all P<0.001); postoperative rest/stress LVEF(60%(49%, 67%), 58%(48%, 68%)) and PFR (3.67(3.12, 4.28), 3.23(2.77, 4.43) EDV/s) significantly increased compared with preoperative values (51%(33%, 62%), 53%(27%, 61%); 2.76(2.08, 3.52), 2.83(1.86, 3.62) EDV/s; z values: 3.23-5.58, all P<0.01); postoperative rest/stress LVEDV and LVESV were significantly lower than those before surgery ( t values: 6.40, 5.27; z values: 5.33, 5.40; all P<0.001); rest/stress PHB (45°(35°, 70°), 53°(44°, 113°)) and PSD (14.7°(10.9°, 27.3°), 20.0°(14.6°, 33.8°)) were significantly lower than those before surgery (60°(45°, 131°), 83°(58°, 198°), 20.4°(16.0°, 49.1°), 27.2°(19.6°, 60.4°); z values: 4.19-4.81, all P<0.001). The ΔSSS was greater than the ΔSRS, and the ΔPFR was greater in rest imaging than that in stress imaging ( z values: 6.24, 2.77, both P<0.05). Rest LVEF, PFR were negatively correlated with SSS and SRS ( rs values: from -0.741 to -0.431, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The LV myocardial perfusion, function, and mechanical contraction synchronicity information obtained from adenosine stress-rest G-MPI can be used to evaluate the recovery after CABG, which may help to better identify patients who may have adverse cardiac events.

Objective:To explore the relationship between emotional trauma and depressive symptoms.Methods:In November 2021, a total of 1 650 university students were assessed using scales including childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ), distress tolerance scale (DTS), rumination response scale (RRS) and the depression anxiety stress scale (DASS). SPSS 20.0 and AMOS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data with Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test and mediation analysis. Results:The differences of DTS, RRS and DASS were significant between high and low trauma group(all P<0.01). Emotional trauma (16.70(6.09)) was negatively correlated with distress tolerance(10.95(2.15)) ( r=-0.26, P<0.01), and positively correlated with rumination(39.51(10.74)) and depression(4.93(5.76)) ( r=0.31, 0.38, both P<0.01). The testing of mediating effect indicated that emotional trauma had direct effect ( β=0.20, P<0.001) and indirect effect on depression through distress tolerance and rumination. Conclusion:Emotional trauma, distress tolerance and rumination are important factors influencing depression, and it could provide guidance for undergraduate psychological intervention of depression.

Evaluating clinical teachers' teaching ability in non-directly affiliated hospitals impartially can provide objective evidence for clinical teachers' cultivation and teaching administration, so as to improve teaching quality. Brainstorming method, literature survey and in-depth interview of experts were used to preliminarily select the evaluation index; Delphi method was used to determine the evaluation system and weight factors after two-round consultation; the evaluation system of teaching ability of clinical teachers in non-directly affiliated hospitals was established, including 5 primary indicators, 12 secondary indicators and 36 third indicators. This system was empirically implemented for clinical teachers from non-directly affiliated hospitals to find their shortcomings, providing references to targeted cultivation of clinical teachers and improvement of teaching administration.

Objective:To investigate the activation of peripheral basophils from patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) and its mechanisms. Methods:The activation markers including CD203c and the proportion of IL-4 positive rate of peripheral basophils from RA patients and healthy controls were detected by flow cytometry. Serum levels of IgE in RA patients and healthy controls were detected by electrochemilu minescence immunoassay. Basophils were negatively isolated and co-cultured with or without purified IgE,anti-IgE as positive control,then,the expression of CD203c and propotion of IL-4 positive basophils were detected by flow cytometry. Results:The expression of CD203c and IL-4 positive rate of basophils from RA patients were higher than that of healthy controls (P<0. 05). Serum levels of IgE in RA were higher than that of healthy controls (P<0. 05). After co-cultured with isolated IgE from RA patients,basophils negatively isolated from healthy controls were activated,and higher expression of CD203c and proportion of IL-4 (P<0.05). Conclusion:Basophil activation is related with development of RA,and its activation is mainly mediated by IgE. Targeting basophil and its activation pathway would be expected to provide new strategies for the treatment of RA.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus antigen fluorescent nanoparticles rapid combined detection test strip.Methods The specimen including rotavirus,enteric adenovirus,and other enteric pathogens and 140 cases of patients with symptoms of gastrointestinal infection.The performance was analyzed after fluorescent nanoparticles rapid combined detection test strip and coloredmicrospheres rapid detection test strips were used to detect the same sample.Result The sensitivity of fluorescent nanoparticles rapid combined detection test strip is significantly higher than coloredmicrospheres rapid test strip and no specific reaction with Coxsachievirus (type A16),ECHO virus (type 30) and enterovirus (type 71).Conclusion The sensitivity of fluorescent nanoparticles rapid combined detection test strips is significantly higher than coloredmicrospheres rapid detection test strip,and the specificity is good.

Objective To investigate the role of basophils in the imbalance of Th 1/Th2 response in mouse models of collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).Methods 4-6-weeks old C57/BL6 mice were immunized with collagen at multiple points on the back and foot twice (0 and 3 weeks) to establish a mouse model of collagen-induced arthritis.Blood samples were collected before the first immunization and 1, 3, 6 and 9 weeks after immunization , and cells from lymph nodes were collected.Flow cytometry and ELISA were employed to detect the levels of basophils and IL-4, and the joint swelling was scored.Results Mouse model of CIA was successful established .The ratio of IL-4/IFN-γof the CIA group was significantly lower than that in the mice before CIA modeling and the control group , indicating a Th2-dominant response .At the same time, the peripheral basophils counting and percentage of IL-4 positive basophils of the CIA group were significantly higher than those of the control group .While, the IL-4/IFN-γratio of the CIA group was significantly higher than that of the control group , indicating a Th1-dominant response .The peripheral basophils counting of the CIA group was slightly lower than that of the control group .Conclusion Basophils may participate in the development of CIA in mouse models through affecting the imbalance of Th 1/Th2 response.

Objective To investigate the effects of heat-killed Staphylococcus aureus (HKSA) on the apoptosis and expression of iNOS and IL-1β in THP-1 monocytes in the presence of high concentration of glucose.Methods THP-1 cells were cultured in medium containing 25.0 mmol/L(HG) or 5.5 mmol/L (LG,control) D-glucose for 12 h-8 d.The THP-1 cells cultured for 6 d were extracted on the 0-48 h with or without HKSA,then apoptosis and expression of iNOS and IL-1β were examined.Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and expressions of IL-1β and iNOS were quantitated by real-time PCR.Results The expression of iNOS and IL-1β in THP-1 monocytes was increased significantly in the presence of high concentration of glucose for 12-48 h(P＜0.05),reaching the highest level at 24 h and returned to baseline after 4 d.The expression was significantly lower than that of control after 4-6 d.Apoptosis rate was also increased significantly after 48 h to 4 days.HKSA infection enhanced apoptosis,but inhibited the expression of iNOS and IL-1 β in the presence of high concentration of glucose.The expression of iNOS and IL-1β increased significantly at 6 h(P＜0.01),reaching the highest level at 12 h,but the levels were significantly lower than those in control groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion These data suggest that high concentration of glucose can interfere with the anti-bacterial function of monocytes by reducing their expression of iNOS and IL-1β and enhancing their apoptosis.