OBJECTIVE: To train convolutional networks using multi-lead ECG data and classify new data accurately to provide reliable information for clinical diagnosis. METHODS: The data were pre-processed with a bandpass filter, and signal framing was adopted to adjust the data of different lengths to the same size to facilitate network training and prediction. The dataset was expanded by increasing the sample size to improve the detection rate of abnormal samples. A depth-wise separable convolution structure was used for more specific feature extraction for different channels of twelve-lead ECG data. We trained the two classifiers for each label using the improved DenseNet to classify different labels. RESULTS: The propose model showed an accuracy of 80.13% for distinguishing between normal and abnormal ECG with a sensitivity of 80.38%, a specificity of 79.91% and a F1 score of 79.35%. CONCLUSIONS The model proposed herein can rapidly and effectively classify the ECG data. The running time of a single dataset on GPU is 33.59 ms, which allows real-time prediction to meet the clinical requirements.
Algorithms ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; diagnosis ; Databases as Topic ; Electrocardiography ; classification ; methods ; Humans ; Neural Networks (Computer) ; Sensitivity and Specificity

To establish an HPLC characteristic fingerprint method of Fuke Qianjin Capsules,and determine the contents of its main components. The analysis was carried out on a Kromasil 100-5-C18 analytical column(4. 6 mm ×250 mm,5 μm) with gradient elution by acetonitrile(A)-0. 1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution(B),a flow rate at 1. 0 m L·min-1 and the detection wavelength of 254 nm.The column temperature was 30 ℃,and the injection volume was 10 μL. The determination method of genistin,jatrorrhizine,andrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide index components were studied methodologically. The common mode of the characteristic fingerprint of Fuke Qianjin Capsules was set up with 8 common peaks,which were identified as genistin,jatrorrhizine,palmatine,berberine,andrographolide,14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide,Z-ligustilide,and Z-3-butylidenephthalide,respectively,in comparison with the references. The similarities of 20 batches of Fuke Qianjin Capsules samples were above 0. 95. All of the above-mentioned 4 analytes could be well separated under the optimized chromatographic conditions. RSD of precision and repeatability experiment were both less than 1. 5%,and the sample solution was stable during 72 h. All of the compounds had a good linearity and linear range. The contents of genistin,jatrorrhizine,andrographolide,and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide in 20 batches of Fuke Qianjin Capsules samples were 28. 66-56. 04,94. 77-197. 92,1 705. 33-4 148. 93 and 462. 16-1 225. 96 μg in each capsule,respectively. The developed HPLC characteristic fingerprint and quantitative analysis methods were reliable,accurate and sensitive,and could be used effectively evaluate the quality of Fuke Qianjin Capsules samples.
Capsules ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; analysis

Objective:To compare the effects and multi-organ intervention of tripterygium glycosides(TG) tablet from Hunan Qianjin Xieli (QJ) and Zhejiang Deende (DED) on type Ⅱ collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in rats. Method:The 72 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, QJ TG clinical group 2 times, 6 times equivalent dose group (QJ-TG 0.018, 0.054 g·kg^-1), derende TG clinical group 2 times, 6 times equivalent dose group (DED-TG 0.018, 0.054 g·kg^-1). The intragastric administration was started on the day after the first immunization, once a day. After the second immunization, the symptoms such as redness and swelling of joints were observed, and the clinical score of arthritis were evaluated. The materials were taken for pathological examination of the inflammatory joints on the 21^th and 42^th day. The concentration of alkaline phosphatase(ALP), alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), gamma-glutamyltransferase(GGT), total bilirubin(TBIL), creatinine(CRE) and urea(UREA) in serum were detected by enzymatic assay. The rate of sperm deformity, testicular and ovarian tissue damage in the rat epididymis was assessed. Result:TG from two manufacturers attenuated the inflammation, redness, swelling and deformity of joints in CIA rats, reduced the clinical score and incidence of arthritis in CIA rats. Meanwhile, it also exhibited obvious reduction in all pathological features such as joint synovitis, pannus, cartilage erosion and bone destruction. There were significant differences between the QJ-TG high and low dose groups and the DED-TG high dose group compared with the model group (P<0.05, P<0.01). There was no significant change in the low dose group of DED-TG compared with the model group.Compared with the same dose of TG in the two manufacturers, the DED-TG 0.054 g·kg^-1 group had a significant inhibitory effect on the clinical scores on the 15th and 18th days than the QJ-TG same dose group (P<0.05).In addition to 0.054 g·kg^-1 dose of DED-TG, the white blood cell count and spleen index were significantly increased.At the same time, two different manufacturers of TG had no effect on body weight, organ index, digestive system, liver and kidney function, liver and kidney pathology of CIA model rats. QJ-TG and DED-TG all significantly increased the rate of male rats sperm malformation and significant damage to testicular seminiferous tubules and the toxicity increased with the increase of dose and time. while the mole reproductive toxicity of DED-TG was higher than that of QJ-TG at the same dose. In the DED-TG 0.054 g·kg^-1 and QJ-TG 0.054 g·kg^-1 group, there were only the reduction of vascular distribution in the ovarian tissue and the reduction of the corpus luteum, and no other toxic effects were observed. Conclusion:Two manufacturers TG2 times (0.018 g·kg^-1) and 6 times (0.054 g·kg^-1) clinical equivalent dose can delay the onset of CIA in rats, reduce the clinical score of arthritis, improve the pathological changes of joints, but have a certain degree of male reproductive toxicity. The high-dose DED-TG is more toxic than the QJ-TG.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a cone beam computed tomography (ECBCT) system for high-resolution imaging of the extremities. METHODS: Based on three-dimensional X-Ray CT imaging and high-resolution flat plate detector technique, we constructed a physical model and a geometric model for ECBCT imaging, optimized the geometric calibration and image reconstruction methods, and established the scanner system. In the experiments, the pencil vase phantom, image quality (IQ) phantom and a swine feet were scanned using this imaging system to evaluate its effectiveness and stability. RESULTS: On the reconstructed image of the pencil vase phantom, the edges were well preserved with geometric calibrated parameters and no aliasing artifacts were observed. The reconstructed images of the IQ phantom showed a uniform distribution of the CT number, and the noise power spectra were stable in multiple scanning under the same condition. The reconstructed images of the swine feet had clearly displayed the bones with a good resolution. CONCLUSIONS The ECBCT system can be used for highresolution imaging of the extremities to provide important imaging information to assist in the diagnosis of bone diseases.
Algorithms ; Animals ; Artifacts ; Calibration ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Equipment Design ; Extremities ; diagnostic imaging ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Phantoms, Imaging ; Radiographic Image Enhancement ; instrumentation ; methods ; Swine

OBJECTIVEAccurate segmentation of lung fields in chest radiographs (CXR) is very useful for automatic analysis of CXR. In this work, we propose to use dense matching of local features and label fusion to automatically segment the lung fields in CXR.

METHODSFor an input CXR, the dense Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) descriptors and raw image patches were extracted as the local features for each pixel. The nearest neighbors of the local features were then quickly searched by dense matching directly from the whole feature dataset of the reference images. The dense matching included three steps: limited random initialization, propagation of nearest neighbor field, and limited random search, with iteration of the last two steps for several times. The label image patches for each pixel were extracted according to the nearest neighbor field and weighted by the matching similarity. Finally, the weighted label patches were rearranged as the label class probability image of the input CXR, from which thresholds were obtained for segmentation of the lung fields.

RESULTSThe Jaccard index of the proposed method reached 95.5% on the public JSRT dataset.

CONCLUSIONA high accuracy and robustness can be obtained by adopting dense matching of local features and label fusion to segment the lung fields in CXR, and the result is better than that of current segmentation method.

We propose a multi-weighted probabilistic atlas to obtain accurate, robust, and reliable segmentation. The local similarity measure is used as the weight to compute the probabilistic atlas, and the distance field is used as the weight to incorporate the locality information of the atlas; the self-similarity is used as the weight to incorporate the local information of target image to refine the probabilistic atlas. Experimental results with brain MRI images showed that the proposed algorithm outperforms the common brain image segmentation methods and achieved a median Dice coefficient of 87.1% on the left hippocampus and 87.6% on the right.
Algorithms ; Brain ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging

OBJECTIVEWe propose a cross-correlation method for automatic extraction of the pennation angle (PA) of the gastrocnemius (GM) muscle from ultrasound radiofrequency (RF) signals.

METHODSThe ultrasound RF signals of the GM muscles in tension condition from normal subjects and the simulated ultrasound signals were collected. After the starting point of tracking, a fascicle was selected in the reconstructed GM ultrasound image from the RF signals, and the fascicle and deep aponeurosis could be automatically tracked using the cross-correlation algorithm. The lines of the fascicle and deep aponeurosis were then drawn and the PA was calculated. The reproducibility of the proposed method and its consistency with the manual measurement method were tested.

RESULTSThe angles of the simulated fascicles were precisely extracted automatically. The difference between the experimental measurement and the theoretical values was less than 1°. The PA measured automatically and manually was 20.48°∓0.47° and 21.49°∓1.79°, respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the two methods was less than 3% and the root-mean square error (RMSE) was less than 1°. Bland-Altman plot showed a good agreement between the proposed automatic method and the manual method.

CONCLUSIONThe proposed cross-correlation automatic measurement method can detect the orientation of the fascicle and deep aponeurosis and measure the PA based on ultrasound RF signals with serious speckle noise.

Animals ; Humans ; Melatonin ; physiology ; Receptors, Melatonin ; physiology ; Signal Transduction ; physiology

AIM:To explore the therapeutic effect of a novel Rho kinase inhibitor WAR 5 on the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and its possible mechanism.METHODS: Female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into EAE group and WAR5 group.EAE model was induced by the application of MOG 35-55 peptide.WAR5 was in-jected intraperitoneally every other day from post-immunization (PI) day 3 to PI day 27.The clinical score and body weight were recorded every other day .On PI day 28, the animals were sacrificed and spinal cords were obtained for HE and mye-lin staining .The splenocytes were isolated and the expression of CD 16/32 and CD206 were analyzed by flow cytometry . The protein extracts from the brains and spinal cords were collected for the measurement of inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS) by Western blotting .RESULTS:The administration of WAR 5 delayed the onset of EAE and attenuated the clini-cal symptoms .The results of the pathological examination revealed that WAR 5 inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and improved myelination in spinal cords , accompanied with the poralization of M 1 macrophages to M2 phenotype in the spleen.WAR5 inhibited the expression of iNOS in the central nervous system , especially in the spinal cords .CON-CLUSION:The therapeutic effect of WAR5 on EAE may be related to the shift of M1 macrophages to M2 phenotype and inhibition of inflammation in the central nerve system .

We propose an effective algorithm for accurate 3D segmentation of CT liver images based on statistical and specific information. We present a new intensity model which combines patient-specific intensity information of boundary with the statistical information for liver segmentation. Compared to the traditional methods, our approach not only produces excellent segmentation accuracy, but also increases the robustness.
Algorithms ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; Liver Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Liver Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Models, Statistical ; Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; methods