This study reports a case of a 56-year-old female patient with BRAF-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who successfully underwent radical surgery after neoadjuvant targeted therapy with the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib combined with the MEK inhibitor trametinib. The chest drainage tube was removed 2 days postoperatively, and the patient was discharged smoothly. Postoperative pathology indicated invasive adenocarcinoma, moderately to highly differentiated, with 80% being lepidic type, and the maximum tumor diameter was 4 cm. No vascular tumor thrombus, vascular invasion, nerve invasion, spread through air spaces, pleural invasion, or lymph node metastasis were observed. The postoperative staging was ypT2aN0M0. The patient continued with adjuvant treatment with dabrafenib combined with trametinib postoperatively, and no signs of recurrence were found in the follow-up examination six months after surgery.

Objective To examine the impact of climate, land use and their interaction effect on the population density of Oncomelania hupensis. Methods O. hupensis snail surveillance data in Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2022 were obtained from the National Information System for Parasitic Diseases Prevention and Control of Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, and the density of living snails was calculated in each county-level administrative district. Climate data were obtained from the China Meteorological Forcing Dataset version 2.0, and land use data were captured from the China Land Cover Dataset. The raster climate data and land use data were clipped to the administrative border of Yunnan Province in the R package version 4.5, and the climate data were resampled to a spatial resolution of 30 m × 30 m consistent with the land use data using bilinear interpolation. Annual meteorological indicators were extracted from each county-level schistosomiasis surveillance administrative area in Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2022, including average temperature, maximum temperature, minimum temperature, temperature difference, average precipitation rate, maximum precipitation rate, minimum precipitation rate, downward shortwave radiation flux, downward longwave radiation flux, air pressure, wind speed, specific humidity and relative humidity. Annual land use structure and landscape pattern index in each county-level schistosomiasis surveillance administrative area in Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2022 were extracted and calculated, including the proportion of areas occupied by each type of land use, patch density, largest patch index, landscape separation index, landscape fragmentation index, landscape segmentation index, contagion index, patch cohesion index, edge density, and shape index. Land use entropy index was introduced to represent the degree of habitat fragmentation and ecological niche breadth. The density of living snails and environmental factors were subjected to rank correlation analysis, and variables with no statistically significant correlation (P>0.1) were excluded. Then, a correlation coefficient matrix was constructed, and |r_s| of 0.85 and greater was defined as the threshold of high collinearity. For highly correlated variables in each group, indicators with a more biological explanatory power or a better statistical efficiency were retained. A generalized additive model (GAM) was constructed with O. hupensis snail density as a response variable and screened environmental variables as independent variables, and the model performance was evaluated using the variance explained. Results The area occupied by O. hupensis snail habitats was 1 056 to 1 680 hm² in Yunnan Province from 2013 to 2022, appearing an overall tendency towards a decline; however, the density of living snails appeared a tendency towards a slight rise. Based on the correlation coefficient matrix, 14 core explanatory variables were retained, including farmland, water bodies, bare land, impervious surface, landscape separation index, landscape fragmentation index, edge density, shape index, land use entropy index, downward longwave radiation flux, downward shortwave radiation flux, maximum temperature, minimum precipitation rate and specific humidity. Two types of GAM were constructed, including the main-effects model without interaction terms and the interaction model with interaction terms. The corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc) of the optimal main-effects model was −285.223, and the core variables included bare land, impervious surface, landscape separation index, edge density, shape index, land use entropy index and downward shortwave radiation flux. Following introduction of second-order interaction terms, the AICc value of the optimal interaction model was −345.526, and the significant interaction combinations included: farmland × impervious surface, farmland × landscape separation index, farmland × shape index, farmland × land use entropy index, impervious surface × landscape separation index, impervious surface × edge density, and shape index × downward shortwave radiation flux. The proportion of the main-effects model explaining the variation of O. hupensis snail density was 39.8%, and the explanatory power of GAM increased to 79.0% following introduction of interaction terms. Conclusion Landscape separation index, edge density, shape index and other landscape pattern indicators pose significant impacts on the intensity and direction of changes in O. hupensis snail density in Yunnan Province.

Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics, associated factors, and vaccine effectiveness of two pertussis cluster outbreaks in two primary schools in Yangzhong City in 2025, so as to provide evidence for school based epidemic prevention and control. Methods: From August 26 to 30, 2025, a pertussis questionnaire was administered to the epidemic affected classes of two primary schools (school A and school B) in Yangzhong City. A descriptive epidemiological retrospective analysis was used to characterize the pertussis cluster outbreaks in Yangzhong City from March to July 2025. A 1∶5 matched case control study (79 cases, 395 controls) was performed. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors, and the clinical symptom incidence rates, types of pertussis containing vaccines, and timeliness of vaccination were compared between groups using Fisher s exact test. Results: From March to July 2025, a total of 79 pertussis cases were reported in the two schools, with attack rates of 1.33% and 1.01%, respectively. Cases were predominantly aged 7-8 years (85.37% in school A, 73.68% in school B), and the main clinical manifestation was productive cough (63.29%). The pneumonia incidence rate among hospitalized cases ( 57.14 %) was higher than that among nonhospitalized cases(4.17%)(Fisher s exact test, P <0.01). The interval from the last dose to onset was concentrated at 6 to <7 years (44 cases). Logistic regression showed that children exposed to secondhand smoke in daily life ( OR = 3.86 ), those whose desk mates or front/back desk mates took leave due to cough ( OR =4.67), and those whose dining table mates or front/back table mates took leave due to cough ( OR =3.67) had significantly higher risks of pertussis (all P <0.05). A high proportion of both the case group and the control group received the acellular DTaP vaccine (97.47% and 96.96%, respectively),while a low proportion received the pentavalent vaccine (1.27% and 3.04%, respectively). Additionally, one case received only three doses of the acellular DTaP vaccine.The difference in vaccine type distribution between the two groups was not statistically significant (Fisher s exact test, P =0.31). Conclusions The outbreaks represent breakthrough infections under high vaccine coverage. Close contact and secondhand smoke exposure are the main risk factors. A booster immunization strategy with diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine should be implemented for school aged children.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mRNA expression profile and clinical significance of the RAB24 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） based on multi-source database including The Cancer Genome Atlas （TCGA） and clinical cohort validation. MethodsData from TCGA （n=424） were utilized to evaluate the prognostic value of RAB24 expression via Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression models. An independent clinical cohort comprising 90 HCC and 30 paracancerous tissues was established to validate protein expression and histopathological features through immunohistochemistry （IHC） and routine histological staining. The TIMER database was employed to analyze the association between RAB24 and the tumor microenvironment （TME）. Furthermore， integrated with LinkedOmics， GSEA and GSVA algorithms were used to quantitatively characterize the core molecular pathways regulated by RAB24. ResultsThe mRNA expression level of RAB24 in HCC was significantly higher than that in non-tumor liver tissues （P<0.05）. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the overall survival （OS） of patients in the RAB24 low-expression group was significantly longer compared to the high-expression group （HR=1.570， Log-rank P=0.01）. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis demonstrated that RAB24 expression （HR=1.480， P=0.028）， T stage （HR=2.949， P<0.001）， M stage （HR=4.077， P=0.017）， and tumor residual status （HR=2.317， P<0.001） were independent prognostic factors for HCC. RAB24 expression was highly correlated with alpha-fetoprotein （AFP） levels and immune infiltration levels （P<0.01）， and showed a significant， low-level positive correlation with the TP53 gene （Rho=0.31， P<0.01）. Quantitative analysis of the RAB24 protein in clinical samples validated that RAB24 expression in HCC tissues was significantly elevated compared to non-tumor liver tissues （P<0.05）. TIMER analysis confirmed that RAB24 expression was highly associated with the infiltration of multiple immune cells （such as B cells and NK cells）， as well as stromal and tumor purity scores in tumor tissues （P<0.01）. GSEA/GSVA enrichment revealed that the P53， MYC， and mTORC1 signaling pathways were activated in the RAB24 high-expression group； correlation analysis confirmed that the RAB24 expression level exhibited a significant， low-level positive correlation with the ribosome pathway activity score （r=0.23， P<0.01）. ConclusionsThe RAB24 gene， as a poor prognostic factor for HCC patients， is a potential biomarker for HCC diagnosis， treatment and prognosis. The study is expected to lay a theoretical foundation for the precise diagnosis and treatment of clinical HCC.

Objective To investigate the post-discharge exercise behavior and factors influencing moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) in patients undergoing lung surgery. Methods A total of 2874 patients from the large prospective, observational perioperative lung symptom study cohort (CN-PRO-Lung 3) in the Department of Thoracic Surgery at Sichuan Cancer Hospital between April 7, 2021, and January 31, 2024, were selected as the survey subjects. A survey was conducted using the Investigation of Exercise Behavior after Lung Surgery questionnaire and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) among patients who underwent lung surgery. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing patients’ engagement in MVPA. Results A total of 702 patients were surveyed, including 252 males and 450 females, with an average age of (52.4±10.2) years. Patients with lung cancer accounted for 85.9%. Only 36.0% of the patients had regular exercise habits, while 42.3% did not engage in any physical activity. The three main barriers for postoperative exercise were physical discomfort (pain, coughing, shortness of breath, etc, 54.7%), lack of professional guidance (41.7%), and concerns about the surgical wound (28.9%). The proportions of patients engaging in vigorous, moderate, and low-intensity physical activity were 5.7%, 28.2%, and 66.1%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that patients with a personal annual income ≥50000 yuan (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.01-2.29, P=0.044), high school education or above (OR=1.92, 95%CI 1.33-2.76, P<0.001), and lobectomy (OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.02-2.03, P=0.037) engaged in more MVPA. Conclusion Patients undergoing lung surgery have inadequate physical activity after discharge, particularly lacking in MVPA. Patients with higher income, higher educational levels, and lobectomy are more frequently engaged in MVPA. Measures such as symptom control, providing exercise guidance, and enhancing education on wound care may potentially improve the inadequate physical activity in lung surgery patients after discharge.

Objective:To analyze the effect of altitude on NIH-CPSI score in patients with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome(CP/CPPS)Methods:Clinical data and the results of NIH-CPSI Questionnaire of the 321 patients with CP/CPPS at different altitudes were collected from March 2021 to March 2022.And the influence of altitudes on NIH-CPSI score of CP/CPPS was analyzed.Result:The NIH-CPSI score of patients living at an altitude of 4 300 m was significantly higher than that of patients living at an altitude of 1 500 m and 2 200 m.The CP/CPPS patients who lived in the higher altitude had more severe symptoms of pain and urination as well as lower scores of life quality(P＜0.05).Conclusion:NIH-CPSI score increased significantly with higher alti-tude,indicating more severe symptoms and decreased quality of life in CP/CPPS patients.These findings highlight the need for man-agement strategies for specific heights in patients with CP/CPPS.

Ureteropelvic junction obstruction, as a common urological disorder, not only affects the renal function of patients, but also seriously reduces their quality of life. Pyeloplasty, as the first-line therapy for ureteral stricture at present, is a key approach to eliminating hydronephrosis and improving renal function. The quality of life of postoperative patients, as an important criterion for measuring the therapeutic effect, has also attracted increasing attention. Therefore, this article reviews the evaluation tools, research status and influencing factors of the postoperative quality of life of ureteropelvic junction obstruction patients, aiming to provide a reference for the formulation of relevant nursing intervention measures in clinical practice.

Objective: To study the effect of metformin sensitizing pancreatic cancer cells with radiotherapy, with a focus on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of radiotherapy resistance. In particular, the role of the PERK/P-eIF2/ATF4 signaling pathway in mediating these effects was preliminarily explored. Methods : Pancreatic cancer cell lines(PANC-1 and PANC-2) were categorized into control, radiotherapy, and drug treatment groups. Following the respective treatments, cell proliferation inhibition was assessed using the CCK-8 assay, colony formation assays, and cell death staining. Senescence was quantified by β-galactosidase(SA-β-Gal) staining. The expression of cell cycle regulators(P21, P16, γ-H2AX), apoptosis markers(Bax, Bcl-2, Cleaved caspase-3), and pathway-related proteins(PERK, P-eIF2, ATF4) was evaluated by Western blot and immunofluorescence. To further investigate the role of the PERK/P-eIF2/ATF4 axis in metformin-mediated modulation of pancreatic cancer cell senescence and radiosensitization, selective inhibitors(GSK2606414) and agonists(MK-28) of PERK were employed. Results : Radiotherapy markedly upregulated senescence-associated markers(P21, P16, γ-H2AX, and β-galactosidase activity) in pancreatic cancer cells. Senescent cells exhibited enhanced proliferative activity and increased tumor volume both in vitro and in vivo. Metformin mitigated radiotherapy-induced senescence by reducing the expression of senescence markers and significantly suppressing the clonogenic and proliferative capacity of treated cells. Mechanistically, radiotherapy activated the PERK signaling pathway, leading to increased expression of PERK, P-eIF2, and ATF4, thereby driving cellular senescence. Pharmacological inhibition of PERK reduced β-galactosidase activity, while PERK activation further promoted the expression of senescence-associated proteins—an effect that was reversed by metformin. Conclusion Metformin inhibits the activation of the PERK/P-eIF2/ATF4 signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer cells following radiotherapy, thereby delaying cellular senescence and reducing the associated radiotherapy resistance of senescent cells. This modulation contributes to the sensitization of pancreatic cancer cells to radiotherapy.

Immunotherapy has become a pivotal modality in clinical cancer treatment. However, its effectiveness is limited to a small subset of patients due to the low antigenicity, impaired innate response, and various adaptive immune resistance mechanisms of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Accumulating evidence reveals the critical roles of metal elements in shaping immunity against tumor progression and metastasis. The marriage of metalloimmunotherapy and nanotechnology further presents new opportunities to optimize the physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties of metal ions in a precise spatiotemporal control manner. Several metallodrugs have demonstrated encouraging immunotherapeutic potential in preliminary studies and are currently undergoing clinical trials at different stages, yet challenges persist in scaling up production and addressing long-term biosafety concerns. This review delineates how metal materials modulate biological activities across diverse cell types to orchestrate antitumor immunity. Moreover, it summarizes recent progress in smart drug delivery-release systems integrating metal elements, either as cargo or vehicles, to enhance antitumor immune responses. Finally, the review introduces current clinical applications of nanomedicines in metalloimmunotherapy and discusses potential challenges that impede its widespread translation into clinical practice.

Iron is an essential trace element in the human body, crucial in maintaining normal physiological functions. Recent studies have identified iron ions as a significant factor in initiating the ferroptosis process, a novel mode of programmed cell death characterized by iron overload and lipid peroxide accumulation. The iron metabolism pathway is one of the primary mechanisms regulating ferroptosis, as it maintains iron homeostasis within the cell. Numerous studies have demonstrated that abnormalities in iron metabolism can trigger the Fenton reaction, exacerbating oxidative stress, and leading to cell membrane rupture, cellular dysfunction, and damage to tissue structures. Therefore, regulation of iron metabolism represents a key strategy for ameliorating ferroptosis and offers new insights for treating diseases associated with iron metabolism imbalances. This review first summarizes the mechanisms that regulate iron metabolic pathways in ferroptosis and discusses the connections between the pathogenesis of various diseases and iron metabolism. Next, we introduce natural and synthetic small molecule compounds, hormones, proteins, and new nanomaterials that can affect iron metabolism. Finally, we provide an overview of the challenges faced by iron regulators in clinical translation and a summary and outlook on iron metabolism in ferroptosis, aiming to pave the way for future exploration and optimization of iron metabolism regulation strategies.