1.Hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: a health economic evaluation
Qi-Feng CHEN ; Xiong-Ying JIANG ; Song CHEN ; Jiongliang WANG ; Ming ZHAO
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology 2026;32(2):536-564
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) imposes a major health and economic burden worldwide, with disproportionate effects in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Surveillance in high-risk populations, typically using semiannual ultrasound and alpha-fetoprotein testing, has been shown to be cost-effective by enabling earlier detection and improving survival. Yet, its overall value is reduced by poor adherence and the limited sensitivity of ultrasound, particularly in patients with metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease. Emerging approaches—including abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging, multi-biomarker models (e.g., gender, age, AFP, AFP-L3, and DCP), and liquid biopsy assays such as methylated DNA markers—demonstrate greater diagnostic accuracy and potential economic advantages compared with conventional methods. Integration of artificial intelligence into imaging may further enhance efficiency and reduce downstream costs. Moving toward precision surveillance, guided by individualized risk stratification that incorporates etiology, fibrosis stage, and molecular profiles, can optimize allocation of resources and maximize cost-effectiveness at the population level. Interventions to improve adherence, including mailed outreach and behavioral economic incentives, have shown both clinical benefit and cost savings, underscoring the role of implementation science. Because socioeconomic disparities influence both access and outcomes, economic models must explicitly address equity to achieve sustainable impact. Future research should prioritize prospective trials that evaluate not only clinical performance but also the real-world cost-effectiveness of novel technologies and stratified surveillance strategies. For LMICs, adapting proven models into affordable, context-appropriate programs is essential. By combining prevention, precision risk assessment, innovative technologies, and equitable implementation, HCC surveillance can deliver both clinical and economic value, reducing the global burden of disease.
2.Shaoyaotang Regulates miRNA-155-mediated SOCS1/JAK1/STAT1 Signaling Pathway to Affect Macrophage Polarization
Qi CHENG ; Bo ZOU ; Youwei XIAO ; Yiqian YU ; Ruoru HUANG ; Yan GONG ; Jiachun XIONG ; Jun XIONG ; Dichang LAI ; Dongsheng WU ; Hui CAO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2026;32(13):43-52
ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism by which Shaoyaotang regulates the miRNA-155-mediated suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1)/Janus kinase 1 (JAK1)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) signaling pathway and thereby affects macrophage polarization. MethodsThe cell-counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the effect of drug-containing serum of Shaoyaotang at different concentrations on the viability of RAW 264.7 cells. A cell model of inflammation was established by stimulating RAW264.7 cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a concentration of 10 mg·L-1 The modeled cells were assigned by the random number table method into seven groups: LPS-induced M1 polarization (model), M1+miRNA-155 mimics, M1+miRNA-155 inhibitor, M1+Shaoyaotang-containing serum, M1+miRNA-155 mimics+Shaoyaotang-containing serum, M1+miRNA-155 inhibitor+Shaoyaotang-containing serum, and M1+blank serum. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to measure the levels of inflammatory factors [tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β)]. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression of macrophage polarization markers [inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and macrophage mannose receptor 1 (CD206)]. Real-time PCR was employed to measure the expression of miRNA-155 in cells. Western blot was performed to determine the protein levels of SOCS1, STAT1, and JAK1. ResultsCompared with the LPS-induced M1 polarization (model) group, the M1+miRNA-155 mimics group showed up-regulated expression of miRNA-155, JAK1, STAT1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS (P<0.05) and down-regulated expression of CD206 (P<0.05). In both the M1+miRNA-155 inhibitor group and the M1+Shaoyaotang-containing serum group, the expression levels of miRNA-155, JAK1, STAT1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS were down-regulated (P<0.05), while those of SOCS1 and CD206 were up-regulated (P<0.05). Compared with the M1+miRNA-155 mimics group, the M1+miRNA-155 mimics+Shaoyaotang-containing serum group showed down-regulated expression of miRNA-155, JAK1, STAT1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS (P<0.05) and up-regulated expression of SOCS1 and CD206 (P<0.05). Compared with the M1+miRNA-155 inhibitor group, the M1+miRNA-155 inhibitor+Shaoyaotang-containing serum group showed down-regulated expression of miRNA-155, JAK1, STAT1, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and iNOS (P<0.05) and up-regulated expression of SOCS1 and CD206 (P<0.05). ConclusionShaoyaotang regulates macrophage polarization by modulating miRNA-155 expression and interfering with the SOCS1/JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway. The findings provide new experimental evidence for the treatment of ulcerative colitis with Shaoyaotang.
3.Effect and Mechanisms of Shaoyaotang on Murine Ulcerative Colitis via Modulating Macrophage Glycolytic Reprogramming and Polarization Through HIF-1α Pathway
Yiqian YU ; Hui CAO ; Dongsheng WU ; Bo ZOU ; Ruoru HUANG ; Qi CHENG ; Youwei XIAO ; Yan GONG ; Jiachun XIONG
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2026;32(13):53-60
ObjectiveTo investigate the potential role and underlying mechanisms of Shaoyaotang in intervening macrophage glycolytic reprogramming in ulcerative colitis (UC). MethodsForty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into six groups: Normal control group, model group, mesalazine group (0.39 g·kg-1), Shaoyaotang group (15.54 g·kg-1), 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) group (glycolysis inhibitor, 100 mg·kg-1), and 2-DG + Shaoyaotang combined group (100 mg·kg-1+15.54 g·kg-1). Except for the normal control group, mice in the other five groups were induced to establish UC models using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). The normal control group was administered pure water via intragastric gavage, while the other groups received intragastric gavage of mesalazine solution, intragastric gavage of Shaoyaotang, and the 2-DG group was treated with 2-DG via intraperitoneal injection. After 7 consecutive days of treatment, colonic tissues were extracted. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to evaluate histopathological changes and tissue injury in the colon. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression of interleukin-10 (IL-10) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in colonic tissues. Western blot analysis was employed to determine the expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), glucose transporter (GLUT1), lactate dehydrogenase A (LDHA), pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 3 (PFKFB3) in colonic tissues. Immunofluorescence was conducted to detect the expression of CD206 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in colonic tissues. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was utilized to measure lactate and citrate levels in colonic tissues. ResultsCompared with the normal control group, mice in the model group exhibited a significant increase in disease activity index (DAI) scores, accompanied by colonic mucosal congestion, edema, and inflammatory cell infiltration, significantly elevated expression of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (P<0.05), significantly decreased IL-10 expression (P<0.05), significantly increased levels of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, PKM2, and PFKFB3 in colonic tissues (P<0.05), markedly elevated iNOS expression (P<0.05), significantly decreased CD206 expression (P<0.05), and significantly elevated lactate and citrate levels in colonic tissues (P<0.05). In contrast to the model group, the Shaoyaotang group, inhibitor group, and Shaoyaotang combined with inhibitor group demonstrated amelioration of mucosal injury in colonic tissues, markely decreased expression levels of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α (P<0.05), elevated IL-10 expression levels, significantly decreased expression of HIF-1α, GLUT1, LDHA, PKM2, and PFKFB3 (P<0.05), markedly reduced iNOS expression levels (P<0.05), significantly increased CD206 expression (P<0.05) and significantly decreased lactate and citrate levels (P<0.05). ConclusionShaoyaotang ameliorates symptoms of DSS-induced UC in mice, and its therapeutic mechanism may be associated with regulating macrophage glycolytic reprogramming via modulation of the HIF-1α signaling pathway.
4.Shaoyaotang Ameliorates Ulcerative Colitis by Regulating miR-155-5p
Ruoru HUANG ; Bo ZOU ; Yu ZHANG ; Yiqian YU ; Qi CHENG ; Youwei XIAO ; Jiachun XIONG ; Yan GONG ; Dongshen WU ; Hui CAO
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae 2026;32(13):61-68
ObjectiveTo investigate the role of microRNA-155-5p (miR-155-5p) in ulcerative colitis (UC) and study the molecular mechanism of Shaoyaotang in the treatment of UC by regulating miR-155-5p. MethodsForty-eight SPF-grade male C57BL/6 mice were selected and assigned via the random number table method into 6 groups (n=8): A blank control group, a model group, a mesalazine (0.39 g·kg-1) group, a Shaoyaotang (31.08 g·kg-1) group, a Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) inhibitor (baricitinib, 10 mg·kg-1) group, and a Shaoyaotang combined with inhibitor (baricitinib 10 mg·kg-1 + Shaoyaotang 31.08 g·kg-1) group. After successful modeling of UC by gavage of 3% dextran sulphate sodium solution, each group received corresponding drug intervention for 7 days. Shaoyaotang and mesalazine were administered by gavage, and baricitinib by intraperitoneal injection. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, mice were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of pentobarbital sodium, and blood was collected for determination of white blood cell count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Mice were then sacrificed for measurement of colon length. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe colonic pathological changes and perform pathological scoring. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Real-time PCR) was employed to determine the relative expression of miR-155-5p in the colonic tissue, and Western blot was used to determine the protein levels of JAK1, phosphorylated JAK1 (p-JAK1), suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), and phosphorylated STAT1 (p-STAT1). ResultsCompared with the blank control group, the model group showed increased disease activity index (DAI) score and pathological score, shortened colon, upregulated relative expression of miR-155-5p and protein levels of p-JAK1 and p-STAT1, downregulated protein level of SOCS1 in the colonic tissue, prolonged time of erythrocyte sedimentation, and increased white blood cell count (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, all drug-treated groups exhibited improvements in the above indicators (P<0.01). Moreover, the Shaoyaotang group showed better therapeutic effects than the mesalazine group in regulating miR-155-5p expression, related protein levels, DAI score, and colonic pathological score (P<0.01). ConclusionShaoyaotang may downregulate miR-155-5p to relieve its inhibition on SOCS1, thereby suppressing the excessive activation of the JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathway and ultimately alleviating intestinal inflammatory damage.
5.The prognostic value of artificial intelligence-based P53 and Ki67 detection in stage Ⅰ non-mucinous adenocarcinoma of lung
Jiting DI ; Kang QI ; Dong LI ; Gang LIN ; Yan XIONG
Clinical Medicine of China 2025;41(6):407-416
Objective:To explore the prognostic value of artificial intelligence-based P53 and Ki67 detection in stage I non-mucinous adenocarcinoma(INMA)of lung.Methods:A retrospective analysis was made of patients treated by radical surgical resection for INMA of lung in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of Peking University First Hospital from Jan.2015 to Dec.2016,with complete clinicopathological and 5-year follow-up data.Immunohistochemical staining for P53 and Ki67 was performed on all cases and the index of P53 and Ki67 was calculated with the assistance of artificial intelligence(AI).The optimal cut-off values for P53 and Ki67 were determined using X-Tile software,and based on these values,the patients were divided into low-expression and high-expression groups.Pearson chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the differences in clinicopathological characteristics between the different groups.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess the impact of various indicators on 5-year overall survival(OS)and disease-free survival (DFS)for stage I INMA.The time-dependent receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curves and the area under the curve(AUC)was used to analyze the predictive performance of P53 and Ki67 for the prognosis of stage I INMA.Results:Among the 191 patients, the median follow-up time was 60(54, 60) months. The index of P53 and Ki67 were 0%-100% and 1.0%-78.0%,respectively. The X-Tile software revealed optimal cut-off values of 62% for P53 and 20% for Ki67.Then the patients were divided into P53 low-expression group (<62%), P53 high-expression (≥62%) group and Ki67 low-expression (<20%)group,Ki67 high-expression group (≥20%). High expression of P53 was associated with male ( χ2=12.45, P<0.001), smoking ( χ2=12.24, P<0.001), pTNM stage ( χ2=16.28, P<0.001), and histological grade ( P<0.001). High expression of Ki67 was associated with male ( χ2=17.33, P<0.01), smoking ( χ2=21.67, P<0.01), and histological grade ( P<0.001). Male ( HR=2.612, 95% CI: 1.173-5.815, P=0.019), smoking ( HR=2.651, 95% CI: 1.246-5.642, P=0.011), high pTNM stage ( HR=3.815, 95% CI: 1.792-8.122, P<0.001), high histological grade ( HR=5.277, 95% CI: 2.400-11.606, P<0.001), high P53 expression ( HR=5.950, 95% CI: 2.792-12.680, P<0.001), and high Ki67 expression ( HR=3.349, 95% CI: 1.554-7.221, P=0.002) were associated with poorer disease-free survival (DFS). Male ( HR=9.050, 95% CI: 1.113-73.586, P=0.039), smoking ( HR=8.428, 95% CI: 1.701-41.765, P=0.009), high histological grade ( HR=6.865, 95% CI: 1.756-26.834, P=0.006), high P53 expression ( HR=16.699, 95% CI: 3.369-82.761, P<0.001), and high Ki67 expression ( HR=7.558, 95% CI: 1.806-31.632, P=0.006) were associated with poorer overall survival. P53 high-expression was identified as an independent risk factor for both DFS ( HR=2.843, 95% CI: 1.192-6.778, P=0.018) and OS( HR=6.909, 95% CI: 1.202-39.720, P=0.030) in stage I INMA patients. The area under the time-dependent ROC curves for predicting 5-year overall survival after surgery were 0.738 for p53, 0.674 for Ki67, 0.638 for pTNM staging, and 0.587 for histological grade. Among these, p53 demonstrated the highest predictive efficacy. Conclusions:AI-assisted interpretation of P53 and Ki67 indices improves test result repeatability. With critical values of 62% and 20%, high P53 and Ki67 expression indicates poor prognosis, while high P53 expression is an independent risk factor for lower OS and DFS, serving as a reference for postoperative adjuvant therapy screening.
6.Predictive value of dose-surface histogram for acute radiation proctitis in prostate cancer patients following radiotherapy
Xin ZHAO ; Mei-Liu YANG ; Xiao-Hui HAO ; Tian-Xiong WEI ; Qi ZHANG ; Hao-Yu CHANG ; Xiu-Xia WU
Medical Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army 2025;50(1):44-49
Objective To evaluate the predictive value of dose-surface histogram(DSH)for radiation proctitis(RP)in prostate cancer(PCa)patients undergoing radiotherapy.Methods This prospective randomized controlled clinical trial included 380 PCa patients who underwent image-guided radiotherapy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei Northern University from January 2018 to January 2023.Patients were randomly divided into observation group(n=200)and control group(n=180).The rectal dose distribution of patients in the two groups was evaluated by using DSH and dose-volume histogram(DVH),respectively.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was utilized to evaluate the predictive value of DSH for acute RP,with DVH serving as a reference.Results The difference was not statistically significant in clinical information such as age,KPS score,and body mass index(BMI)between the observation and control groups(P>0.05),as well as in acute RP incidence(P>0.05).There were significant differences in S40 and V40,S50 and V50,S60 and V60,S70 and V70,and S78 and V78 between the two groups(P<0.05).S40,S50,V40,and V50 showed low efficacy(P<0.001)in predicting acute RP at each level,with AUC≤0.700.S60 and V60 showed moderate efficacy(P<0.001)in predicting acute RP at each level,with AUC 0.700-0.900.S70,S78,V70 and V78 showed high efficacy(P<0.001)in predicting acute RP at each level,with AUC>0.900.Conclusions The predictive value of DSH for rectal toxicity in patients with PCa is basically consistent with that of DVH.It is expected to become a novel and valuable tool for evaluating radiotherapy plans in the future.
7.Analysis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy samples from Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University
Zu-Qi CUI ; Meng-Yao YE ; Yi ZHOU ; Shi-Xiong MI ; Qian YANG ; Min MA ; Ming WANG ; Shi-Yi WANG ; Qi-Han YU ; Hui-Xian CUI ; Juan DU
Acta Anatomica Sinica 2025;56(6):704-712
Objective To analyze the basic conditions and pathological characteristics of the samples in the Human Brain Bank of Hebei Medical University,which were pathologically diagnosed as cerebral amyloid angiopathy,and to provide reference for the research of related diseases.Methods The basic data of gender,age,apolipoprotein E genotype,pathological classification of cerebral amyloid angiopathy,Alzheimer's disease-related pathological change score,comorbidities and other pathological information were analyzed.Results Up to October 2024,twenty samples were confirmed by pathological diagnosis,with a male to female ratio of 3:1 and an average age of(80.90±8.08)years.Involve three kinds of apolipoprotein E subtype,5 kinds of genotypes(ε2/ε3 xε2/ε4、ε3/ε3 xε3/ε4、ε4/ε4);There were 2 pathologic types,including 6 cases of type 1 and 14 cases of type 2.The pathological grade included 3 grades.The severity grade and subtype classification of cerebral amyloid vascular disease were correlated with the degree of pathological changes of Alzheimer's disease.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy samples could coexist with other degenerative diseases with high comorbidity.Conclusion The incidence of cerebral amyloid angiopathy is higher in the aged samples collected based on Brain Bank,which coexists with conditions such as Alzheimer's disease and microbleeds,etc.It provides more detailed pathological diagnosis basis for further scientific research sharing of samples.
8.Application of 3D printing technology in the adjuvant treatment of complex Stanford type B aortic dissection and abdominal aortic aneurysm
Guo XU ; Wei XIONG ; Shanglin BAI ; Xu WU ; Qi XIONG ; Liangxin ZHAO ; Zhiyang XIONG
Journal of Interventional Radiology 2025;34(9):943-949
Objective To discuss the application of 3D printing technology in the adjuvant treatment of complex Stanford type B aortic dissection(SBAD)and abdominal aortic aneurysm.Methods The clinical data of 64 patients with complex SBAD and 64 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm,who were admitted to the Mianyang No.404 Hospital of China from January 2022 to January 2024,were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 64 patients with complex SBAD,33 received preoperative 3D printing adjuvant treatment(observation group Ⅰ)and 31 received preoperative routine examination(control group Ⅰ).Of the 64 patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm,32 received preoperative 3D printing adjuvant treatment(observation group Ⅱ)and 32 received preoperative routine examination(control group Ⅱ).The changes in left-right diameter(LR)and anterior-posterior diameter(AP)of anatomical structure in observation group Ⅰ and observation group Ⅱ were analyzed.The perioperative situations were compared between observation group Ⅰ and control group Ⅰ,as well as between observation groupⅡ and control group Ⅱ.Results In patients with complex SBAD,LR of descending aorta diaphragm in S2(STL model)was significantly higher than that in S1(CTA image)and S3(plastic model,P<0.05),and AP of descending aorta diaphragm in S2 was higher than that in S3(P<0.05).LR of brachiocephalic trunk in S3 was significantly lower than that in S1 and S2(P<0.05),AP of brachiocephalic trunk in S3 stage was significantly higher than that in S1 and S2(P<0.05),and AP of brachiocephalic trunk in S2 was higher than that in S1(P<0.05).LR of left common carotid artery in S3 was significantly higher than that in S1 and S2(P<0.05),LR of left common carotid artery in S2 was higher than that in S1(P<0.05),and AP of left common carotid artery in S3 was lower than that in S1(P<0.05).LR and AP of left subclavian artery in S3 were significantly higher than those in S1 and S2(P<0.05).In patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm,LR and AP of tumor neck in S3 were significantly higher than those in S1(P<0.05),and AP of aneurysm neck in S3 was significantly higher than that in S2(P<0.05).LR and AP of aneurysm in S3 and S2 were significantly higher than those in S1(P<0.05),and LR and AP of aneurysm in S3 were significantly higher than those in S2(P<0.05).LR of abdominal aortic bifurcation in S3 and S2 was significantly higher than that in S1(P<0.05),LR of abdominal aortic bifurcation in S3 was significantly higher than that in S2(P<0.05),and AP of abdominal aortic bifurcation in S3 was significantly lower than that in S1(P<0.05).AP of left common iliac artery in S3 was significantly lower than that in S1(P<0.05).In the observation group Ⅰ,the operation time,endovascular operation time and length of hospital stay were significantly shorter than those in the control group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and the intraoperative blood loss and used dosage of contrast agent were lower than those in the control group Ⅰ(P<0.05).In observation group Ⅱ,the operation time,endovascular operation time and length of hospital stay were significantly shorter than those in the control group Ⅱ(P<0.05),and the intraoperative blood loss and used dosage of contrast agent were lower than those in the control group Ⅱ(P<0.05).In patients with complex SBAD or abdominal aortic aneurysm,there was no internal leakage or stent displacement at 6 months after surgery.Conclusion Adjuvant treatment with 3D printing technology is helpful for improving anatomical structure measurement of lesion sites in patients with complex SBAD and abdominal aortic aneurysm.Preoperative 3D plastic model preview surgery is helpful for shortening the operation time and length of hospital stay and reducing the used dosage of contrast agent without affecting surgical treatment effect.
9.Effect of interactions among serum CD19+,interleukin-4 and Epstein-Barr virus DNA load on occurrence of pediatric infectious mononucleosis
Wei DAI ; Chang QI ; Ruihua XIONG ; Yuan LONG
Journal of Clinical Medicine in Practice 2025;29(5):20-25
Objective To explore the impact of interactions among serum CD19+,interleukin-4(IL-4),and Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)DNA load on the occurrence of pediatric infectious mononu-cleosis(IM).Methods A total of 100 IM pediatric patients were enrolled as study group,and 200 healthy pediatric controls were recruited during the same period.Baseline characteristics,EBV-DNA load,CD19+levels,and IL-4 expression were compared between the two groups.A multivariate Lo-gistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of IM.The interactions between EBV-DNA load and CD19+,IL-4 were analyzed based on an additive model.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to assess the diagnostic performance of EBV-DNA load,CD19+,IL-4 alone and their combination for IM.Results Significant differences were observed be-tween the two groups in terms of EBV-DNA load,CD19+levels,IL-4 expression,neutrophil-to-lym-phocyte ratio(NLR),monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR),red cell distribution width(RDW),atypical lymphocyte ratio,and VCA-IgM positivity(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression anal-ysis revealed that EBV-DNA load,CD19+,IL-4,RDW,atypical lymphocyte ratio,and VCA-IgM positivity were independent influencing factors for IM occurrence(P<0.05).Additive interaction analysis showed that when EBV-DNA load and IL-4 were simultaneously exposed,the relative excess risk due to interaction(RERI)was 63.888,the attributable proportion due to interaction(API)was 77.312,and the synergy index(S)was 4.532;when EBV-DNA load and CD19+were simul-taneously exposed,RERI was 2.655,API was 16.773,and S was 1.210.ROC curve analysis indi-cated that the area under the curve(AUC)for the combined diagnosis of IM using EBV-DNA load,CD19+,and IL-4 was 0.945,which was superior to that of single indicator and dual combination.Conclusion Serum CD19+,IL-4,and EBV-DNA load exhibit additive interactions in the occur-rence of IM,and simultaneous exposure increases the risk of IM.Combined detection of these bio-markers enhances the diagnostic performance for IM,providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
10.Mechanism of Myocardial Protection by Electroacupuncture at PC6 Attenuates TRPV1 Pathway-Mediated Dorsal Root Ganglion Sympathetic Sprouting on Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats
Liyuan YANG ; Jinqun HU ; Jian XIONG ; Xiao LI ; Yu LIU ; Ying WEI ; Qianhua ZHENG ; Wenchuan QI ; Fanrong LIANG ; Hong ZHANG
World Science and Technology-Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2025;27(6):1616-1627
Objective To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture improving myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury(MIRI),electroacupuncture PC6 Attenuates TRPV1 pathway in spinal cord C5-T6 dorsal root ganglion(DRG)on MIRI rats was observed.Methods After one week of experimental feeding,30 SD rats with normal electrocardiogram were randomly divided into sham-operated group and model group,PC6 group,non-meridian and non-acupuncture group,and PC6+capsaicin(TRPV1 receptor agonist)group,with 6 rats in each group.The MIRI model was prepared by ligation of the left anterior descending(LAD)coronary artery in the other groups.The next day after modeling,electroacupuncture of the"PC6"point in the EA group,electroacupuncture of the caudal"non-meridian non-points"in the the non-meridian non-acupuncture point group,and electroacupuncture of the"PC6"point after intraperitoneal injection of capsaicin in the PC6+capsaicin group,20 min/d for 7 days.ECG was used to record the changes of ST level and LF/HF ratio in rats.Evans blue-TTC double staining and HE staining was used to observe the myocardial infarction area and the changes of myocardial tissue morphology.ELISA was used to detect the levels of serum CK-MB and cTnI.Immunofluorescence staining was used to the phenomenon of sympathetic-sensory coupling with TH-CGRP positive labeling in the DRG of rats.qPCR was to detect the mRNA expression of TRPV1,TH,CGRP,SP,ERK and AKT in rat DRG.Results Compared with the sham-operated group,rats in the model group showed significant higher ST level and LF/HF ratio(both P<0.001),and IA/AAR ratio increased significantly(P<0.0001).Massive inflammatory cell infiltration,serum CK-MB,cTnI levels up-regulated significantly(both P<0.0001).The formation of TH-CGRP-labeled sympathetic budding phenomenon in the DRG and the TRPV1,TH,CGRP in the DRG,SP,ERK,and AKT mRNA expression levels increased significantly(both P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the ECG of the endograft group was significantly improved(both P<0.001).The IA/AAR ratio decreased significantly in PC6 group(P<0.001).The myocardial infarction area reduced significantly(P<0.0001).The levels of serum CK-MB and cTnI down-regulated significantly(both P<0.0001),and the phenomenon of sympathetic sprouting within DRG was not evident,and the DRG of the 6 corresponding mRNA expression decreased significantly(both P<0.01).Compared with the PC6 group,the effect of treatment was not obvious in the non-meridian and non-acupuncture group and PC6+capsaicin group,and the electrocardiogram,IA/AAR ratio,myocardial infarcted area,and serum CK-MB,and cTnI levels did not improve(both P<0.01),and a large number of sympathetic budding phenomena were seen in the DRG.The expression of the mRNA corresponding to the phase of 6 increased significantly(both P<0.01).Conculsion Electroacupuncture PC6 may reduce myocardial injury by inhibiting TRPV1 pathway-mediated sympatheticsprouting in dorsal root ganglia.

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