Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide. Coupled with the substantial workload, the clinical management of lung cancer is challenged by the critical need to efficiently and accurately process increasingly complex medical information. In recent years, large language models (LLMs) technology has undergone explosive development, demonstrating unique advantages in handling complex medical data by leveraging its powerful natural language processing capabilities, and its application value in the field of lung cancer diagnosis and treatment is continuously increasing. The paper systematically analyzes that the exceptional potential of LLMs in lung cancer auxiliary diagnosis, tumor feature extraction, automatic staging, progression/outcome analysis, treatment recommendations, medical documentation generation, and patient education. However, they face critical technical and ethical challenges including inconsistent performance in complex integrated decision-making (e.g., TNM staging, personalized treatment suggestions) and "black box" opacity issues, along with dilemmas such as training data biases, model hallucinations, data privacy concerns, and cross-lingual adaptation challenges ("data colonization"). Future directions should prioritize constructing high-quality multimodal corpora specific to lung cancer, developing interpretable and compliant specialized models, and achieving seamless integration with existing clinical workflows. Through dual drivers of technological innovation and ethical standardization, LLMs should be prudently advanced for holistic lung cancer management processes, ultimately promoting efficient, standardized, and personalized diagnosis and treatment practices.

Objective: To identify the latent class characteristics of health literacy and related factors among junior high school students, so as to provide evidence for developing precise and systematic health literacy promotion strategies. Methods: In November 2024, a two stage random cluster sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey among 8 933 junior high school students in Zhongshan. Health literacy was assessed across six dimensions: health behavior and lifestyle, disease prevention and control, mental health, growth development and puberty health, safety emergency and risk avoidance, and medical knowledge and appropriate healthcare utilization. Latent profile analysis was used to identify distinct health literacy classes, and multinomial Logistic regression was applied to analyze the related factors. Results: Three latent classes of health literacy among junior high school students were identified: the well balanced type(71.7%，6 406), the medical knowledge deficit type(22.3%，1 992), and the overall low literacy type(6.0%，537). Logistic regression analysis showed that girls had lower risks of belonging to the medical knowledge deficit type( OR =0.53, 95% CI =0.48-0.59) and the overall low literacy type( OR =0.27,95% CI =0.22-0.33) compared with boys(both P <0.05). Students in rural schools had the highest risks of belonging to these two profiles above [ OR (95% CI ) =1.89 (1.61-2.21), 3.18 (2.50-4.06),both P <0.05]. Junior high school students having ≥2 siblings were positively associated with belonging to these two profiles, with risks 1.60 (95% CI = 1.35-1.89) and 2.25 times (95% CI =1.66-3.05) higher than those of only children (both P <0.05). Junior high school students with parental education of bachelor s degree or above were associated with lower risk of belonging to the medical knowledge deficit type (father: OR =0.63, 95% CI =0.47-0.84; mother: OR =0.68, 95% CI = 0.52 -0.90,both P <0.05). Junior high school students with receiving health education courses ≥3 times per month were associated with lower risks of belonging to both the medical knowledge deficit type and overall low literacy type ( OR =0.51, 95% CI =0.43- 0.60 ; OR =0.33, 95% CI =0.25-0.42, both P <0.05). Conclusions Three latent classes of health literacy exist among junior high school students in Zhongshan. Targeted interventions should be implemented based on profile characteristics, with an emphasis on strengthening medical knowledge education and providing comprehensive support for vulnerable groups.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the public health governance capacity in Jiangsu Province and provide an optimized pathway for the construction of a “strong, rich, beautiful, and high-quality” new Jiangsu. MethodsA total of 806 policy documents, 658 public information reports, and 148 research literatures related to public health governance capacity in Jiangsu Province from January 1995 to December 2023 were collected. The status of current public health goverance was assessed based on the evaluation criteria suitable for public health systems, and the strengths and the weaknesses of the system were identified. ResultsThe public health governance capability of Jiangsu Province was scored at 738.3 points, ranking 3rd nationally. Maternal health care and emergency response capacities achieved leading positions nationwide, both ranking 2nd. Jiangsu had exhibited a standardized guidance in the strategic level, a well-established management mechanism, an extensive coverage in information collection, and a scientifically established health targets setting. However, bottlenecks remained, including an unclear division of responsibilities across organizational departments, an insufficient public-health workforce, the absence of a stable growth mechanism for government funding investment, and difficulties in promptly identifying public needs. ConclusionJiangsu’s public-health system demonstrates leading nationally, yet several components remain underdeveloped. Future efforts should consolidate advantages while addressing weaknesses, further diversify content and forms, establish a stable funding increase mechanism, and clarify departmental functions, thereby providing solid health support for realizing the developmental goals of a “strong, rich, beautiful and high-quality” new Jiangsu.

ObjectiveTo systematically assess the public health governance capacity in Zhejiang Province, to conduct an in-depth analysis of its strengths and weaknesses, so as to provide scientific basis and strategic recommendations for further enhancement. MethodsA systematic collection of policy documents, public information reports, and research literature related to public health governance capacity in Zhejiang Province from 2002 to 2023 was conducted (encompassing a total of 1 263 policy documents, 138 pieces of information reports and 631 research articles). Based on the evaluation criteria suitable for public health systems previously developed by the research team, the basic status and magnitude of change in public health governance capacity in Zhejiang Province was evaluated. Additionally, normative gap analyses were employed to identify the strengths and weaknesses. ResultsZhejiang Province ranked 4th nationwide in terms of public health governance capacity with a score of 733.4 points (1 000.0-point maximum). The province has effectively implemented the principle of health first (scoring 698.5 points in the assessment of health-first strategy implementation) and attached sufficient importance to health-related goals (scoring 658.2 points in the scientific rationality of goal setting). However, the implementation of inter-departmental coordination and incentive mechanisms only scored 178.7 points, the feasibility of management and monitoring mechanisms scored even lower at only 144.0 points, and the coverage of incentive mechanisms scored 286.0 points. ConclusionZhejiang Province has effectively implemented its health first strategy and attached great importance to health targets, but still needs to strengthen cross-departmental coordination mechanisms and health-oriented incentives.

Myofascial trigger points， as hyperirritable spots within taut bands of skeletal muscle， can induce local or referred pain， and show a high degree of similarity to acupoints in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， particularly the so-called sinew knot lesion point. From the perspective of channel sinew theory， and by examining the correlations of myofascial trigger points with acupoints and channel sinew disorders， this study aims to compare the similarities and differences between MTrPs and sinew knot lesion points in terms of pathological mechanisms， needling analgesic mechanisms， and therapeutic approaches. The goal is to deepen the understanding of MTrPs and dry needling， and provide a modern scientific perspective on channel sinew theory and the sinew knot lesion point.

Myofascial trigger points， as hyperirritable spots within taut bands of skeletal muscle， can induce local or referred pain， and show a high degree of similarity to acupoints in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， particularly the so-called sinew knot lesion point. From the perspective of channel sinew theory， and by examining the correlations of myofascial trigger points with acupoints and channel sinew disorders， this study aims to compare the similarities and differences between MTrPs and sinew knot lesion points in terms of pathological mechanisms， needling analgesic mechanisms， and therapeutic approaches. The goal is to deepen the understanding of MTrPs and dry needling， and provide a modern scientific perspective on channel sinew theory and the sinew knot lesion point.

BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of topical treatment of allergic contact dermatitis （ACD） mice with Portulacae Herba based on the nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1）/nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） signaling pathway. MethodsA total of 70 6-week-old specific pathogen free （SPF） female Kunming mice were adaptively fed for 1 week and randomly divided into blank group， model group， compound dexamethasone acetate cream group （2.075×10^-2 g·g^-1）， blank matrix cream group， low-dose Portulacae Herba cream group （0.1 g·g^-1）， high-dose Portulacae Herba cream group （0.2 g·g^-1）， and Portulacae Herba + inhibitor group （0.2 g·g^-1 + 30 mg·kg^-1 ML385）， with 10 mice in each group. One day before the experiment， the mice were shaved on the neck and back. Except for the blank group， the mice in the other groups were treated with 2，4-dinitrochlorobenzene （DNCB） to establish an ACD model. After respective administration， the skin lesion of the mice was scored， and the histopathological changes of the skin were stained with hematoxylin-eosin （HE）. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to detect the levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， reactive oxygen species （ROS）， superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity， and malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum of mice. The expression of Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway-related proteins in mouse skin tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry （IHC）， Western blot， and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）. ResultsCompared with the blank group， the mice in the model group had an increased skin lesion score （P<0.01）， severe pathological damage to skin tissue， increased content of IL-1β， IL-6， ROS， and MDA in their serum （P<0.01）， and decreased content of SOD （P<0.01）. In addition， the mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， and nuclear factor-κB inhibitor α （IκBα） in skin tissue were up-regulated （P<0.01）， while the protein expression levels of phosphorylated （p）-IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 and the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 were down-regulated （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group and the blank matrix cream group， the mice treated with Portulacae Herba had a decreased skin lesion score （P<0.01）， reduced pathological damage to skin tissue， decreased content of IL-1β， IL-6， ROS， and MDA in their serum （P<0.01）， and increased content of SOD （P<0.01）. Additionally， the mRNA and protein expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， and IκBα in skin tissue were down-regulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of p-IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 and the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 were up-regulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）. Compared with the Portulacae Herba + inhibitor group， the high-dose Portulacae Herba cream group had a decreased skin lesion score （P<0.01）， alleviated pathological damage to skin tissue， decreased content of IL-1β， IL-6， ROS， and MDA in the serum of mice （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and increased content of SOD （P<0.01）. The protein expression levels of Nrf2， HO-1， and IκBα and the mRNA expression of Nrf2 and HO-1 in skin tissue were up-regulated （P<0.05，P<0.01）， and the protein expression levels of p-IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 and the mRNA expression of NF-κB p65 were down-regulated （P<0.05）. ConclusionPortulacae Herba can improve DNCB-induced ACD skin damage in mice by regulating the Nrf2/HO-1/NF-κB signaling pathway.

With the widespread adoption of low-dose CT screening and the extensive application of high-resolution CT, the detection rate of sub-centimeter lung nodules has significantly increased. How to scientifically manage these nodules while avoiding overtreatment and diagnostic delays has become an important clinical issue. Among them, lung nodules with a consolidation tumor ratio less than 0.25, dominated by ground-glass shadows, are particularly worthy of attention. The therapeutic challenge for this group is how to achieve precise and complete resection of nodules during surgery while maximizing the preservation of the patient's lung function. The "watershed topography map" is a new technology based on big data and artificial intelligence algorithms. This method uses Dicom data from conventional dose CT scans, combined with microscopic (22-24 levels) capillary network anatomical watershed features, to generate high-precision simulated natural segmentation planes of lung sub-segments through specific textures and forms. This technology forms fluorescent watershed boundaries on the lung surface, which highly fit the actual lung anatomical structure. By analyzing the adjacent relationship between the nodule and the watershed boundary, real-time, visually accurate positioning of the nodule can be achieved. This innovative technology provides a new solution for the intraoperative positioning and resection of lung nodules. This consensus was led by four major domestic societies, jointly with expert teams in related fields, oriented to clinical practical needs, referring to domestic and foreign guidelines and consensus, and finally formed after multiple rounds of consultation, discussion, and voting. The main content covers the theoretical basis of the "watershed topography map" technology, indications, operation procedures, surgical planning details, and postoperative evaluation standards, aiming to provide scientific guidance and exploration directions for clinical peers who are currently or plan to carry out lung nodule resection using the fluorescent microscope watershed analysis method.