With the development of surgical techniques, adjuvant therapy and neoadjuvant therapy, the survival time of rectal cancer patients after surgery has been significantly improved, but organ dysfunction is still an important problem affecting the quality of life of patients after surgery. With the continuous deepening of clinical research and practice and the updating of relevant theories, more detailed and reliable evidence-based medical evidence has been accumulated in the field of pelvic organ function protection in rectal cancer surgery, and has been continuously verified in the clinical real world at home and abroad. In order to further improve the awareness of domestic physicians on the protection of organ function during the treatment of rectal cancer, standardize the evaluation methods and surgical methods, reduce the incidence of organ dysfunction, and thus improve the quality of life of patients, Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons of Chinese College of Surgeons of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Section of Colorectal Surgery of Branch of Surgery of Chinese Medical Association, National Health Commission Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center Colorectal Surgery Committee, and Colorectal and Anal Function Surgeons Committee of China Sexology Association organized the discussion among relevant experts. On the basis of the 2021 edition of the Chinese Expert Consensus on the Protection of Pelvic Organ Function in Rectal Cancer Surgery, the recent evidence-based medical evidence was analyzed and summarized, and the definition, risk factors, evaluation methods, prevention and other issues of organ dysfunction after rectal cancer surgery were analyzed with reference to relevant domestic and foreign studies and combined with clinical practice. Proposed the diagnosis, evaluation and treatment of pelvic organ dysfunction in rectal cancer surgery, and finally formed the "Chinese expert Consensus on the protection of pelvic organ function in rectal cancer surgery (version 2025)".
Humans ; Rectal Neoplasms/surgery* ; Consensus ; Pelvis/physiopathology* ; Quality of Life ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control*

Tianhe procedure^® is a functional sphincter-preserving surgical approach developed for rectal cancer patients following radiotherapy. This technique involves extended proximal resection of the colon beyond the pelvic cavity, followed by anastomosis of the non-irradiated proximal colon to the distal rectum or anal canal. This strategy aims to reduce the incidence of anastomotic complications and postoperative bowel dysfunction. However, there is currently a lack of standardized practice guideline for implementing Tianhe procedure^® in China. Therefore, the Chinese Radiation Intestinal Injury Research Group, the Colorectal Surgery Group of Surgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, the Anorectal Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, the Colorectal Cancer Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and the Colorectal Cancer Committee of China Anti-cancer Association, and the Gastrointestinal Surgical Branch of Guangdong Medical Doctor Association, have jointly convened a panel of national experts to discuss and establish this standardized surgical procedure. This standard, based on the latest evidence from literature, research advancements, and expert experience, focuses on key aspects of the Tianhe procedure^®, including its precise definition, indications, critical procedural steps, postoperative complications, and functional rehabilitation strategies. It aims to promote standardized implementation and broader clinical adoption of this innovative surgical technique.
Humans ; Rectal Neoplasms/radiotherapy* ; Anal Canal/surgery* ; Anastomosis, Surgical/methods* ; Organ Sparing Treatments/methods* ; Rectum/surgery* ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods*

Bariatric and metabolic surgery has become a primary treatment for decompensated obesity, with the number of procedures rapidly increasing in China in recent years. Various improved and novel surgical techniques have emerged. Given the characteristics of the Chinese obese population lower body mass index compared to Western populations and frequent pancreatic islet dysfunction laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass remains one of the mainstream procedures in China. Although the Procedural Guideline for Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (2019 Edition) has provided standardized surgical steps, mastering and routinely implementing the procedure in clinical practice continues to pose significant challenges. Compared to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is more technically demanding and requires a longer learning curve. To avoid suboptimal weight loss or severe postoperative complications resulting from non-standardized techniques, this article summarizes the authors' clinical experience, emphasizing key technical steps: creation of the gastric pouch, standardization of gastrojejunal and jejunojejunal anastomoses, hiatal closure, and full serosalization. These insights aim to improve procedural safety and therapeutic efficacy by offering a set of practical process optimization strategies.
Humans ; Gastric Bypass/methods* ; Laparoscopy/methods* ; Obesity, Morbid/surgery* ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; China ; Jejunum/surgery* ; Gastrectomy/methods* ; Anastomosis, Surgical/methods* ; Weight Loss

Objective:To explore the causes and preventive measures of respiratory arrest following general anesthesia in children with obstructive sleep apnea （OSA）, in order to enhance the safety of OSA surgeries under general anesthesia. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and follow-up data of four pediatric cases that experienced respiratory arrest after general anesthesia for OSA at Shenzhen Hospital of Southern Medical University from March 2020 to March 2022. Results:All four children exhibited varying degrees of decreased blood oxygen saturation, cyanosis, and loss of consciousness after OSA surgery under general anesthesia, with one case experiencing respiratory and cardiac arrest. Through emergency rescue measures such as oxygen supplementation, suctioning, positive pressure ventilation, awakening, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, all four children were stabilized. Follow-up after 2 to 6 months showed no complications. The main reasons for the occurrence are analyzed as: residual anesthetic drugs, characteristics of the OSA disease, and the unique aspects of the pediatric population. Conclusion:Children undergoing general anesthesia for OSA should be closely monitored for vital signs after surgery. If respiratory suppression occurs, active rescue measures should be taken to avoid serious consequences.
Humans ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive/surgery* ; Anesthesia, General/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Child ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Male ; Female ; Child, Preschool

Apical microsurgery is accurate and minimally invasive, produces few complications, and has a success rate of more than 90%. However, due to the lack of awareness and understanding of apical microsurgery by dental general practitioners and even endodontists, many clinical problems remain to be overcome. The consensus has gathered well-known domestic experts to hold a series of special discussions and reached the consensus. This document specifies the indications, contraindications, preoperative preparations, operational procedures, complication prevention measures, and efficacy evaluation of apical microsurgery and is applicable to dentists who perform apical microsurgery after systematic training.
Microsurgery/standards* ; Humans ; Apicoectomy ; Contraindications, Procedure ; Tooth Apex/diagnostic imaging* ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Consensus ; Treatment Outcome

PURPOSE: Over 30,000 hip hemiarthroplasties for neck of femur fractures are performed annually in the United Kingdom (UK). The national recommendation is via the lateral approach, to reduce the risk of dislocation, with the potential expense of reduced function and mobility post-operatively. Muscle-sparing approaches, such as SPAIRE (sparing piriformis and internus repairing externus), have been invented to address the issue of dislocation. METHODS: We performed a retrospective data collection at a single center with a high annual volume of hip hemiarthroplasties over 12 months. All patients who had hip hemiarthroplasty as their primary treatment were included. Patients who passed away and were non-ambulant before their surgery were excluded from the study. Our primary outcome was the dislocation rate and secondary outcomes were the time to mobilization after surgery and the duration of surgery. Statistical analysis was performed using XLSTAT software. RESULTS: We identified 194 cases, and these were divided into 3 groups based on the surgical approach: SPAIRE (n = 43), lateral (n = 97), and posterior (n = 54). Groups had similar demographics and a minimum 3-month follow-up after surgery. There were no dislocations in the SPAIRE group, whereas the dislocation rate for the other 2 groups was 2.5% in the lateral and 9.1% in the posterior groups at 6 months post-surgery. There was an earlier return to mobility in the SPAIRE (1.4 day) compared to the 2 other groups ( 2 days and 2.6 days). Average surgical times were very similar among all 3 groups (74 min vs. 79 min vs. 71 min). CONCLUSION The SPAIRE approach seems to be safe and provides a low risk of dislocation and good post-operative function for patients undergoing hip hemiarthroplasties.
Humans ; Hemiarthroplasty/methods* ; Retrospective Studies ; Female ; Male ; Aged ; United Kingdom ; Femoral Neck Fractures/surgery* ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip/methods* ; Trauma Centers ; Hip Dislocation/prevention & control* ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control*

Urinary incontinence is a common complication following robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP). Urethral length has been identified as a factor affecting postoperative continence recovery. In this meta-analysis, we examined the association between use of the maximal urethral length preservation (MULP) technique and postoperative urinary continence in patients undergoing RARP. We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to December 31, 2023. The quality of the literature was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to synthesize data and calculate the odds ratio (OR) from eligible studies on continence and MULP. Six studies involving 1869 patients met the eligibility criteria. MULP was positively associated with both early continence (1 month after RARP; Z = 3.62, P = 0.003, OR = 3.10, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.68-5.73) and late continence (12 months after RARP; Z = 2.34, P = 0.019, OR = 2.10, 95% CI: 1.13-3.90). Oncological outcomes indicated that MULP did not increase the overall positive surgical margin rate or the positive surgical margin status at the prostate apex (both P > 0.05). In conclusion, the use of the MULP technique in RARP significantly improved both early and late postoperative continence outcomes without compromising oncological outcomes.
Humans ; Prostatectomy/adverse effects* ; Robotic Surgical Procedures/methods* ; Male ; Urethra/surgery* ; Urinary Incontinence/prevention & control* ; Postoperative Complications/etiology* ; Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery* ; Organ Sparing Treatments/methods*

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has emerged as the first-line treatment for aortic valve stenosis. Coronary obstruction is a severe complication of TAVR, with mortality rates exceeding 30%. Coronary obstruction can be classified as acute or delayed based on the timing of the onset, and as direct or indirect obstruction according to the underlying mechanism. Risk factors for predicting coronary obstruction include a small sinus of Valsalva diameter, excessively long native leaflets, low coronary height, and small sinotubular junction height and diameter. Accurate preoperative assessment of these anatomical parameters using CT is crucial for selecting the appropriate valve type, size, and implantation depth. Preventive technical strategies for coronary obstruction include intraoperative interventional treatments (such as the "Chimney" stenting technique), leaflet modification (such as the BASILICA technique), and alignment of the annulus and coronaries. These techniques have demonstrated significant efficacy in reducing the incidence of coronary obstruction and associated mortality. This paper reviews the epidemiology, classification, and mechanisms of coronary obstruction, with a particular focus on the identification, prevention, and treatment of high-risk patients. The aim is to highlight the importance of recognizing and managing coronary risks during TAVR and to provide actionable recommendations for the prevention and treatment of coronary obstruction in clinical practice.
Humans ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/methods* ; Risk Factors ; Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery* ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Coronary Occlusion/etiology*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of inverted-Y urethral function-preserving holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) on stress urinary incontinence after surgery in patients with BPH. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data on 109 cases of BPH treated in our hospital from June 2022 to May 2023 by traditional HoLEP with preservation of the apical prostatic urethral valve (group A, n = 52) or inverted-Y urethral function-preserving HoLEP (group B, n = 57). We recorded the intra- and post-operative parameters, evaluated the urinary incontinence status and post-void symptoms according to the International Continence Society standards, and analyzed the effect of inverted-Y versus traditional HoLEP in improving the postoperative urinary incontinence of the patients. RESULTS: The incidence rate of stress urinary incontinence after catheter removal was significantly lower in group B than in A (10.52% vs 26.92%, P = 0.027), and so was it at 2 weeks after surgery (1.75% vs 11.54%, P = 0.037), and at 1 month postoperatively (0% vs 7.69%, P = 0.033). CONCLUSION For the treatment of BPH, inverted-Y urethral function-preserving HoLEP is superior to traditional HoLEP with preservation of the apical prostatic urethral valve in improving stress urinary incontinence after surgery.
Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use* ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/surgery* ; Urethra/surgery* ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Urinary Incontinence, Stress/etiology* ; Prostatectomy/adverse effects* ; Aged ; Urinary Incontinence ; Prostate/surgery*

In May 2023, the Chinese Stomatological Association promulgated the group standard of "Standard on Clinical Dental Treatment for Children under General Anesthesia Orsedation". These specifications were formulated through broad-based expert consultation, iterative revisions, and a comprehensive review of relevant literature, incorporating the collective expertise of nationally recognized authorities in the field. The standard establishes a unified evaluation system and clinical guidelines tailored to China's medical context, aiming to regulate related medical practices. This paper aims to provide an in-depth interpretation of the standard, integrating the clinical research and experiences from the Pediatric Dentistry Department of West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, in performing dental treatments under general anesthesia in last 12 years. It particularly focuses on interpreting key aspects, including safety considerations, treatment protocol selection, prevention and management of postoperative complication, postoperative follow-up, and oral health maintenance, to provide a reference for medical staffs to understand and apply them in clinical practice.
Humans ; Anesthesia, General ; Child ; Dental Care for Children/standards* ; China ; Postoperative Complications/prevention & control* ; Anesthesia, Dental/standards* ; Practice Guidelines as Topic