Effective symptom management can alleviate the physical and psychological distress experienced by patients with cancer, improve quality of life, and contribute to treatment adherence and improve clinical outcomes. However, most existing guidelines are developed for healthcare professionals, and patients and the public have limited access to standardized and comprehensible guidance on symptom management. To address this gap and to facilitate effective communication and shared decision-making, this study proposes the development of a patient version of the cancer symptom management guideline. The development process will adhere to the methodological framework recommended by the Guidelines International Network and the World Health Organization. The GRADE approach will be employed to assess the certainty of evidence and to formulate recommendations. In addition, the process will be informed by the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation Ⅱ (AGREE Ⅱ) instrument and the Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare-Public or Patient Versions of Guidelines (RIGHT-PVG). This protocol outlines the establishment of the guideline working group, the identification and prioritization of key questions, evidence retrieval and appraisal, and the formulation of recommendations, with the aim of ensuring methodological rigor and transparency in the development of the patient guideline and providing methodological reference for similar guideline initiatives.

Blood transfusion is an important life-support measure in modern medicine. As clinical demand for transfusion continues to rise, blood supply remains under persistent strain, making the efficient utilization of this precious medical resource a critical component of blood management. Accurate prediction of transfusion needs is of great significance for optimizing blood resource allocation and conserving blood products. Traditional transfusion decision-making relies on clinical experience and simplified scoring systems, which are insufficient to meet the demands of precision medicine. Machine learning (ML) technology can integrate multidimensional data—including demographic characteristics, laboratory indicators, surgical information, and dynamic physiological waveforms—to construct high-performance predictive models, offering a new approach to transfusion prediction. This article systematically reviews the application progress of ML in transfusion prediction across clinical scenarios such as trauma, the perioperative period, and obstetrics. In trauma, ML has been applied to early massive transfusion prediction, prehospital transfusion decision-making, and precise prediction in pediatric trauma. In the perioperative field, applications span specialties including traumatic brain injury, orthopedic surgery, cardiovascular and major vascular surgery, and hepatic surgery. In obstetrics, models can effectively predict postpartum hemorrhage and transfusion requirements associated with cesarean section. Studies have shown that algorithms such as random forest, gradient boosting machines, and deep neural networks achieve area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values of 0.83-0.98 in massive transfusion prediction, 0.75-0.97 in perioperative scenarios, and 0.80-0.89 in obstetric transfusion prediction—significantly outperforming traditional scoring tools. However, current studies are generally limited by single-center retrospective designs, insufficient external validation, and inadequate reporting standards; limited model interpretability and challenges in clinical integration further constrain practical translation. Future research should focus on constructing multicenter data cohorts, integrating multimodal data, conducting prospective implementation studies, and deeply embedding models within electronic health record systems, thereby advancing the application of ML to optimize clinical transfusion decision-making.

Oral solid dosage forms require processes such as disintegration and dissolution to release the drug before it can be absorbed and utilized by the body. In this manuscript, imaging technology was used to continuously visualize and characterize the in vitro static drug release process of gliclazide modified release tablets from 15 manufacturers, combined with the traditional method of in vitro dissolution testing, to determine the release profile of gliclazide modified release tablets, to evaluate the similarity of the release profiles by using the similarity factor (f₂) method and based on the analysis of the release profiles fitted with a variety of mathematical models. The results indicate that the gliclazide modified release tablets produced by 14 companies are hydrophilic gel matrix tablets. Compared to the reference listed drug, the release profiles of formulations from 11 companies show high similarity (f₂ > 50) to the reference. Among these, formulations with visual characteristics similar to the reference exhibit similar release curves. This study provides an alternative method for the in vitro consistency evaluation of gliclazide modified release tablets, aiming to assess the in vitro release behaviour of generic formulations more accurately and comprehensively.

Objective:To investigate the current situation of professional identity and work readiness of newly graduated nursing students, explore the correlation between professional identity and work readiness, and provide a reference for promoting their professional development.Methods:From May to September 2023, a total of 584 newly graduated nursing students who were about to participate in standardized residency training were selected from 7 tertiary hospitals in the main urban area of Chongqing using cluster sampling. The general information questionnaire, Nurse Professional Identity Scale, and Nurse Work Readiness Scale were used for data collection. SPSS 23.0 was used to analyze the current situation of professional identity and work readiness among the participants.Results:A total of 536 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective recovery rate of 91.78%. The professional identity scores of newly graduated nursing students ranged from 23 to 83 (66.94±11.38) points and the work readiness scores ranged from 115 to 370 (271.47±44.54) points, which were positively correlated ( r=0.673, P<0.001). Hierarchical regression analysis showed that professional identity entered into the influencing factor model of work readiness ( F=38.350, P<0.001), which could independently explain 50.80% of the variation in work readiness. Conclusions:The professional identity and work readiness of newly graduated nursing students are at moderate levels. Nursing educators and hospital nursing managers should pay attention to the assessment of their professional identity and work readiness, adopt scientific and effective methods to improve their work readiness, ensure a smooth professional transition, and promote their career development.

Objective To analyze the the differences in the use of medical consumables of single diseases,so as to provide ideas for the supervision of the rational use of medical consumables.Methods The case information of the patients discharged from some hospital in Hunan Province who underwent artificial femoral head replacement for femoral neck fracture,transurethral plasma electrosurgery for prostatic hyperplasia and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for renal calculi from January 1,2022 to December 31,2023 were selected.Based on the results of the normality test,difference analyses were carried out over the consumption ratios of inpatients undergoing different procedures at different time periods and the consumption ratios treated by different physicians,and the percentile method was used to determine the recommended range for the consumption ratio based on the difference analysis results.SPSS 26.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The inpatients undergoing artificial femoral head replacement for femoral neck fracture at different periods had no significant difference in the consumption ratio(P>0.05);the inpatients going through transurethral plasma electrosurgery for prostatic hyperplasia had the consumption ratio in 2023 decreased by 5.22%when compared with that in 2022,with the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05);the inpatients undergoing percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for renal calculi had the consumption ratio at 2023 increased by 6.49%when compared with that at 2022,with the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no strong correlations between physician and inpatient consumption ratios for the three single-diseases(P<0.05),while the consumption ratios by different physicians for each single disease had differences.There were respectively 50%,40%and 50%of the physicians implementing artificial femoral head replacement for femoral neck fracture,transurethral plasma electrosurgery for prostatic hyperplasia and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for renal calculi had the average consumption ratios higher than the average annual consumption ratios for the single diseases.The recommended ranges of the consumption ratio was[51.16%,63.89%]for artificial femoral head replacement for femoral neck fracture,[8.76%,10.77%]for transurethral plasma electrosurgery for prostatic hyperplasia and[26.40%,32.80%]for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy for renal calculi.Conclusion Under the premise of ensuring the quality of medical care,medical consumables can be scientifically and rationally supervised by setting a reasonable range,seizing the"vital few"and implementing joint management and control to reduce the consumption ratio.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2025,46(7):87-91]

Objective To compare five time series models and predict the monthly incidence of bacillary dysentery in Qinghai Province in 2024,and provide reference for the prevention and control.Methods The epidemic charac-teristics of bacterial dysentery in Qinghai Province from 2014 to 2023 were analyzed.R4.3.1 software was used for establishing seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA)model,Holt-Winters triple exponential smoothing(Holt Winters)model,exponential smoothing(ETS)model,neural network autoregression(NNAR)model,and trigonometric seasonality,Box-Cox transformation,ARMA errors,trend and seasonal components(TBATS)model.Fitting effect of the models was analyzed and accuracy was compared.Results From 2014 to 2023,a total of 5 833 cases of bacterial dysentery were reported in Qinghai Province,without deaths,male to fe-male ratio being 1.23∶1.The highest incidence was reported in 2016(15.45 per 100 000 people),and the lowest in-cidence was reported in 2023(3.68 per 100 000 people).Incidence increased from 2014 to 2016,then decreased,showing an obvious overall downward trend.Case number in＜5 years age group was the highest,accounting for 29.76％of the total cases(n=1 736).Regarding population distribution,the top three were children in childcare institutions and scattered children(35.56％),farmers(24.65％),and students(12.62％).Except the additive Holt-Winters model,the predicted trends of the other four models were consistent with actuality.The ETS model had the best fitting effect,with a relatively balanced overall performance(training set:MAE=0.13,RMSE=0.21,MAPE=19.55％;testing set:MAE=0.11,RMSE=0.16,MAPE=28.66％).It is recommended to pre-dict the incidence of bacillary dysentery in Qinghai Province based on ETS model.Conclusion From 2014 to 2023,bacterial dysentery in Qinghai Province showed a downward trend,with the peak of the epidemic from June to Au-gust.Preschool and scattered children were high-risk groups.Among the five prediction models,ETS model has the best fitting effect,and can be used to predict the incidence of bacillary dysentery.

Objective To construct a medical consumables selection indicator system based on analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and fuzzy cluster method.Methods Firstly,a medical consumables selection indicator system was established preliminarily with the literature research results and actual situation of hospital consumables management;secondly,13 experts in related fields were selected to execute two rounds of online questionnaires,the expert weights were determined with AHP,the importance of each selection indicator was scored by the expert evaluation method and fuzzy cluster method,and consistency analysis was carried out on the two rounds of expert evaluation results;finally,the final medical consumables selection indicator system was built with the 100-point scale.Results The constructed medical consumables selection indicator system was composed of 5 primary indicators,12 secondary indicators and 38 tertiary indicators.The primary indicators included consumables quality,clinical demand,cost-effectiveness,supply capacity and after-sales service,with the percentage-based scores being 27,25,14,26 and 8,respectively.Conclusion The medical consumables selection indicator system based on AHP and fuzzy cluster method with high reliability provides effective and reliable references for medical institutions to select medical consumables.

Objective:To assess medical service quality in China and analyze its regional difference,so as to provide references for promoting the high-quality development of medical services.Methods:Based on Structure-Process-Outcome(SPO),a comprehensive evaluation index system is established.The hierarchical clustering analysis,Dagum Gini coefficient and Kernel density estimation are utilized to analyze the regional difference and dynamic evolution of medical service quality.Results:The overall trend of medical service quality is upward,but there is a degressive non-equilibrium trend among the"east-mid-dle-west-northeast"regions.The structural quality has significantly improved,while the quality of process and outcome remains at a low level with minimal improvement.The medical service quality in most provinces is relatively low.The largest disparity exists within the east and the smallest exists within the northeast.Discrepancy between the east and northeast is the largest,and those be-tween the northeast and others are rising.The primary source of variation lies in inter-regional differences.There are varying de-grees of polarization throughout the country and its middle,western and northeast areas.Conclusion:The concept of high-quality development of medical services should be implemented,shifting from resource expansion to quality enhancement;promoting region-al synergistic development of medical service quality,and focusing on the improvement of medical service quality in weak areas.

Objective:To explore the feasibility of transvaginal core needle biopsy for pelvic masses under finger guidance during a vagino-recto-abdominal examination.Methods:The clinicopathological data and follow-up information of 29 patients with pelvic masses who underwent transvaginal core needle biopsy under finger guidance during a vagino-recto-abdominal examination at Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from January 2020 to July 2024 were collected, and the safety and diagnostic accuracy of the procedure were retrospectively analyzed.Results:(1) A total of 29 patients with pelvic masses were enrolled in this study, with a median age of 50 years (range: 29-73 years), and a median tumor diameter of 3.9 cm (range: 2.7-13.3 cm). Among these patients, 7 were newly diagnosed, and 22 were follow-up. The pre-procedure disease types included 21 patients (72%, 21/29) cervical cancer, 6 patients (21%, 6/29) epithelial ovarian cancer, and 2 patients (7%, 2/29) other suspected gynecologic tumors. (2) Among 29 patients with pelvic masses, 8 cases (28%, 8/29) were diagnosed with benign diseases according to core needle biopsy pathological findings, and 1 case suggested possible residual cervical cancer in the parametrial region by contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging after radical chemoradiotherapy 3 months, while the result of core needle biopsy for this patient was negative, with follow-up after 1 year revealed progression of the lesion in the right parametrial area. Another patient underwent fine-needle aspiration cytology, which suggested gastrointestinal stromal tumor, requiring differentiation from endometriosis, and core needle biopsy pathology confirmed endometriosis, with follow-up at 6 months revealed no evidence of malignancy in this patient. The remaining 6 patients with benign diagnoses had follow-up periods exceeding 1 year without imaging or clinical evidence of local lesion progression or malignancy. Among the 21 patients (72%, 21/29) diagnosed with malignant tumors by core needle biopsy, 14 cases were suspected cases of residual or recurrent cervical cancer, 6 cases had advanced ovarian cancer, and 1 case had rectal cancer metastasis, with all biopsy diagnoses being consistent with preoperative clinical findings and imaging results. The overall diagnostic accuracy of the core needle biopsy was 97% (28/29). Among the 7 newly diagnosed patients, the diagnostic accuracy was 7/7, while it was 95% (21/22) for the 22 follow-up patients, with no statistically significant difference observed between the two groups ( P=1.000). (3) All 29 patients with pelvic masses successfully underwent transvaginal core needle biopsy guided by vagino-recto-abdominal examination. Among them, 28 cases (97%, 28/29) reported tolerable pain during the procedure, while 1 case (3%, 1/29) experienced transient syncope at the end of the procedure due to pain, which resolved within seconds. Vaginal bleeding exceeding 50 ml occurred in 3 patients (10%, 3/29) during paracervical tissue sampling, with the maximum blood loss being 150 ml, and hemorrhage was successfully controlled using vaginal tamponade. The overall incidence of adverse events during the core needle biopsy procedure was 14% (4/29). Conclusion:Transvaginal core needle biopsy for pelvic masses guided by vagino-recto-abdominal examination is a simple, safe, and accurate diagnostic method, suitable for patients with gynecologic malignancies, non-gynecologic malignancies suspected of pelvic mass metastasis, and other benign pelvic lesions.

Objective:To establish the normal reference value of the left ventricular remodeling index（RI）in healthy adults，and to evaluate the phenotypes of RI in various left ventricular geometries and its relationship with left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in asymptomatic hypertensive patients.Methods:A retrospective study design was employed，906 healthy Han Chinese volunteers were selected as the control group from the multicenter study "Echocardiographic Measurements in Normal Chinese Adults"（EMINCA），which was conducted in 2012. The normal reference range of left ventricular RI was established based on the 95% CI（ xˉ ± 1.96 s）. Statistical analyses were conducted to evaluate differences in RI across age groups and between genders. A total of 340 asymptomatic hypertensive patients in the Department of Health Management，Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital from July 2023 to March 2024 were prospectively included as the hypertension group. Conventional echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging were used to assess left ventricular structure and function. Parameters such as left ventricular mass index（LVMI），RI，relative wall thickness（RWT），the ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow velocity to the average early diastolic mitral annular velocity（E/e'），and the ratio of early diastolic to late diastolic mitral inflow velocities（E/A）were calculated. Differences of these parameters between the hypertension group and the healthy control group were compared. The hypertension group was stratified into 3 subgroups based on left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole（LVPWd）and RI：the non-LV hypertrophy group，the left ventricular hypertrophy with normal RI group，and the left ventricular hypertrophy with low RI group. Relevant parameters were compared among these subgroups，and the statistical significance of the differences was analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to explore the relationships between left ventricular RI and GLS，LVEF，the average mitral annular peak systolic velocity（s'），e'，E/e'，E/A. Results:In the healthy control group，RI showed a declining trend with increasing age in both sexes. Furthermore，the RI was significantly higher in the female group compared to the male group（ P<0.001）. Compared with the healthy control group，LVMI and E/e' increased while RI，e' and s' decreased in the hypertension group（all P < 0.001）. Among the 3 subgroups of the hypertension group，compared with the other two groups，LVMI and Ｅ/e' increased while absolute GLS and s' reduced in the left ventricular hypertrophy with low RI subgroup（all P <0.001）. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that RI was negatively correlated with GLS and E/e'（ r=-0.457，-0.281；all P < 0.001），and positively correlated with LVEF，e'，s' and E/A（ r=0.229，0.394，0.150，0.172；all P < 0.05）. Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated that left ventricular RI was independently associated with GLS，LVEF，e'，s'，E/e' and E/A. Conclusions:The normal reference range of left ventricular RI tends to decrease with age and is typically higher in females than in males. In asymptomatic patients with primary hypertension，RI，systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricular are lower，while LVMI is higher. Among these patients，functional impairment is more pronounced in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy and reduced RI. This indicates that left ventricular RI may offer an imaging basis for further classification and stratification of structural and functional abnormalities in the left ventricle of asymptomatic hypertensive patients.