Debates persist regarding the efficacy and safety of azvudine, particularly its real-world outcomes. This study involved patients aged ≥60 years who were admitted to 25 hospitals in mainland China with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 1, 2022, and February 28, 2023. Efficacy outcomes were all-cause mortality during hospitalization, the proportion of patients discharged with recovery, time to nucleic acid-negative conversion (T _NANC), time to symptom improvement (T _SI), and time of hospital stay (T _HS). Safety was also assessed. Among the 5884 participants identified, 1999 received azvudine, and 1999 matched controls were included after exclusion and propensity score matching. Azvudine recipients exhibited lower all-cause mortality compared with controls in the overall population (13.3% vs. 17.1%, RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.90; P = 0.001) and in the severe subgroup (25.7% vs. 33.7%; RR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.66-0.88; P < 0.001). A higher proportion of patients discharged with recovery, and a shorter T _NANC were associated with azvudine recipients, especially in the severe subgroup. The incidence of adverse events in azvudine recipients was comparable to that in the control group (2.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.170). In conclusion, azvudine showed efficacy and safety in older patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the SARS-CoV-2 omicron wave in China.

High-performance phototheranostics with combined photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging have been considered promising approaches for efficient cancer diagnosis and treatment. However, developing phototheranostic materials with efficient photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE), especially over the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm), remains challenging. Herein, we report an ultraefficient NIR-II-activated nanomedicine with phototheranostic and vaccination capability for highly efficient in vivo tumor elimination and metastasis inhibition. The NIR-II nanomedicine of a semiconducting biradical oligomer with a motor-flexible design was demonstrated with a record-breaking PCE of 87% upon NIR-II excitation. This nanomedicine inherently features extraordinary photothermal stability, good biocompatibility, and excellent photoacoustic performance, contributing to high-contrast photoacoustic imaging in living mice and high-performance photothermal elimination of tumors. Moreover, a whole-cell vaccine based on a NIR-II nanomedicine with NIR-II-activated performance was further designed to remotely activate the antitumor immunologic memory and effectively inhibit tumor occurrence and metastasis in vivo, with good biosafety. Thus, this work paves a new avenue for designing NIR-II active semiconducting biradical materials as a promising theranostics platform and further promotes the development of NIR-II nanomedicine for personalized cancer treatment.

Objective:To investigate the effect of free anterolateral thigh perforator flap in repair of forefoot injuries combined with multiple tissue defect.Methods:A retrospective case series study was conducted on 26 patients who suffered from forefoot injuries combined with multiple tissue defect admitted to 920th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of PLA from January 2015 to December 2019. There were 21 males and 5 females, aged 15-61 years [(31.6±12.5)years]. The combined injuries were fracture in 10 patients, arsometatarsal joint dislocation in 3, bone defect in 9, tendon injury in 5, and ligament injury in 3. Management of multiple tissue defect of the forefeet: soft-tissue defect of the forefeet was resurfaced with free anterolateral thigh perforator flaps with the dimension of 6.0 cm×3.5 cm to 26.5 cm×10.0 cm; fracture was fixed by Kirschner wires; joint dislocation was treated by open reduction and Kirschner wires fixations; bone defect was reconstructed either by one-stage bone graft or by use of membrane-induced technique and secondary bone graft, according to the wound conditions; tendon injury of extensor digitorum longus was repaired by direct tendon suture or by tendon transfer; tarsometatarsal ligament injury was primarily sutured. The flap survival rate was observed within 2 weeks after operation. The fracture healing, bone-defect repair, foot appearance, and donor-site healing were detected at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year post-operatively and at the last follow-up. The postoperative complications were recorded. The foot function was assessed using American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score before operation and at the final follow-up.Results:All patients were followed up for 6-36 months [(20.5±4.6)months]. All flaps survived uneventfully. The fracture healing and bone defect repair were acquired. The flap showed good texture, including primary flap thinning in 11 patients and secondarily thinning in 15 patients at 3-6 months postoperatively. The donor sites showed good healing, leaving only a linear scar. The flap venous crisis developed in 1 patient and survived after emergency vascular exploring. Local infection of flap occurred in 3 patients and was cured after further debridement and the use of sensitive antibiotics. The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was 54-94 points [(76.6±10.4)points] at the last follow-up, compared to preoperative 11-51 points [(27.2±11.3)points] ( P<0.01). The results were excellent in 5 patients, good in 11, and fair in 10, with the excellent and good rate of 62%. Conclusions:For forefoot injuries combined with multiple tissue defect, anterolateral thigh perforator flap transplantation with additional techniques to treat fractures, bone defect, tendon and ligament injuries can achieve satisfactory results in aesthetic appearance of the flap and donor site and foot function recovery.

To evaluate the clinical value of emergency endovascular embolization in the interventional treatment for oral hemorrhage caused by carcinoma, 32 patients with oral hemorrhage caused by carcinoma, who received emergency endovascular embolization due to unsatisfactory hemostatic effect of conventional conservative treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2014 to December 2019, were included in this study and their clinical data, laboratory data and imaging information were retrospectively analyzed. There were 16 males and 16 females, aged (60.6±13.6) years (34-88 years). Technical successful rate of emergency endovascular embolization, immediate successful rate of controlling hemorrhage, blood pressure before and after operation, hemoglobin before and after operation, postoperative complications and recurrence rate of oral hemorrhage were statistically analyzed. Results showed that technical successful rate of operation and immediate successful rate of controlling oral hemorrhage are both 100% (32/32). Recurrent oral hemorrhage occurred in 4 patients (13%). The hemorrhagic shock symptoms of all patients were significantly improved after interventional therapy. After operation, local swelling happened in 34% (11/32) patients and intermittent local pain happened in 22% (7/32) within 24 hours; the swelling and the pain gradually disappeared from 2nd to 5th days. Mild complications of transient fever happened in 9% (3/32) patients and disappeared spontaneously in the short term. No serious complications such as blindness, cerebrovascular accident or central nervous system disturbance occurred in all patients after operations. During the whole follow-up period (1 to 12 months), a total of 8 patients died. The causes of death were progression and metastasis of carcinoma ( n=4), heart failure ( n=2), severe pneumonia ( n=1) and respiratory failure caused by recurrent oral hemorrhage ( n=1). Owing to the remarkable short-term curative effect, repeatable operation, low recurrence rate of oral hemorrhage and low incidence of complications, emergency endovascular embolization can be used in the clinical therapy and application of oral hemorrhage caused by carcinoma.

We retrieved the PDTC patient medical record in our center who have received multi-disciplinary comprehensive treatment in March 2019. By reviewing his treatment process, we hope to improve the recognition of this disease and provide reference for individualized programs.

Objective Toanalyzetheclinicalefficiencyofendovascularinterventionaltherapyinthetreatmentofsolitarykidney withrenalaneurysm.Methods FromJune2014toDecember2017,7casesofsolitarykidneypatientscombinedwithrenalaneurysm werecollected,including4casesofrenalaneurysmlocatedinthemainrenalartery,1caseinrenalsegmentalarteryand2casesinthe renalparenchyma.4casesofmainrenalarteryaneurysmsweretreatedwithstentimplantation;1caseofrenalsegmentalarteryaneurysm was treatedwithstent-assistedcoilembolization;2casesofrenalparenchymaaneurysm wererespectivelytreatedwithpolyvinylalcohol (PVA)embolizationandPVA withcoilembolization.After1month,3months,6monthsandevery6months,therenaldopplerexamination,blood routine,urineroutine,renalfunctionandotherbiochemicalexaminationswerereviewed,andrenalarterialCTAorrenalangiographywereperformed whennecessary.Results Thesuccessrateofoperationwas100%in7solitarykidneypatientswithrenalaneurysm,andtheaneurysmswere graduallyreducedafteroperationwithoutseriousadversereactionsandcomplications.Norecanalizationorrecurrenceofrenalaneurysmwasfound duringthefollow-up,andtherenalfunctionwasbetterthanbefore.Conclusion Endovascularinterventionaltherapyinthetreatment ofsolitarykidneywithrenalaneurysmisminimallyinvasiveandlessrisky.Anditismoretargetedandflexibleforthetreatmentof solitarykidneywithdifferenttypesofrenalaneurysm.

Objective To explore the clinical application value of carbon nanoparticles labeled lymph node staining combined with artery approach in radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 40 patients with sigmoid colon cancer who were admitted to the Tumor Hospital of Zhengzhou University (Henan Cancer Hospital) from December 2015 to June 2016 were collected.Among 40 patients undergoing radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer,20 using nanometer carbon lymph node staining combined with artery approach and 20 using the traditional lymph node sorting were respectively allocated into the observation group and control group.Observation indicators:(1) detection of the lymph node and pathological examination;(2) follow-up situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed to detect adjuvant chemotherapy,tumor recurrence or metastasis and surgery-related complications up to June,2017.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s,and comparisons between groups were evaluated with the t test.Comparisons of count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.The comparisons of ordinal data were analyzed using the nonparametric test.Results (1) Detection of the lymph node and pathological examination:40 patients underwent successful radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer.The lymph node sorting time,total and average numbers of lymph node sorting,total and average numbers of lymph node with diameter ＜ 5 mm,cases with lymph node number ＜ 12 and numbers of the first,second and third stations lymph nodes were respectively (13.1±2.4) minutes,522,28.0±7.0,152,8.6±2.5,0,13.7±3.6,9.5±2.5,4.7±1.2 in the observation group and (18.4±3.5) minutes,239,13.0±3.0,64,3.9± 1.7,6,6.1 ± 1.6,6.6± 2.2,2.5± 1.0 in the control group,with statistically significant differences between groups (t =14.562,24.872,19.256,x2 =4.902,t =14.368,10.026,8.210,P＜0.05).The total number of positive lymph node,positive rate of lymph node,metastasis rate of patients,total and average numbers of positive lymph node with diameter ＜ 5 mm and numbers of the first,second and third stations positive lymph nodes were respectively 82,0.22％±0.13％,17/20,51,3.9± 1.9,4.2± 1.8,1.9±0.6,2.3± 1.2 in the observation group and 43,0.48％±0.18％,7/20,38,2.7±1.5,2.1±0.6,2.6±0.7,1.4±0.5 in the control group,showing no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of lymph node and number of the third station positive lymph nodes between groups (t =1.462,1.759,P＞0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the metastasis rate of patients,average number of positive lymph nodes with diameter ＜ 5 mm and numbers of the first and second stations positive lymph nodes between groups (x2 =10.417,t =7.264,4.682,3.410,P＜0.05).(2) Follow-up situations:40 patients were followed up for 12-18 months,with a median time of 16 months.Eighteen and 10 patients in the observation group and control group received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy,showing a statistically significant difference between groups (x2=5.833,P＜ 0.05).Tumor recurrence or metastasis was respectively detected in 0 and 2 patients (1 with local recurrence and 1 with liver metastasis) in the observation group and control group,with no statistically significant difference between groups (x2=2.105,P＞ 0.05).During the follow-up,there was no surgery-related complication.Conclusion The carbon nanoparticles labeled lymph node staining combined with artery approach in radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer can increase the sorting rate and number of lymph node,and improve the accuracy of postoperative pathological staging.

Objective To determine the angles of trochlear line(TL), antero-posterior line (APL) and posterior condylar line (PCL) with clinical epicondylar axis (CEA), analyze the variability difference in 3 axes relative to CEA. Methods The right knees in 36 patients with knee osteoarthritis (gradeⅣ) and who had underwent total knee arthroplasty were enrolled in this study, 11 male patients aged 60-81 (69.1 ± 6.3) years and 25 female patients aged 33- 85(67.7 ± 12.2) years. All of right knees were scanned using computed tomography. The angles between the CEA and each of the 3 axes (TL, PCL, APL) were measured using software. Results The angles of TL-CEA, APL-CEA and PCL-CEA was (6.10 ± 3.22)°, (85.80 ± 2.86)°and (2.70 ± 1.80)°. The F tests showed that the angel invariability between the TL and CEA the APL axis (α=0.58) or the PCL (α=0.28) for referencing the CEA had no significant differences. Conclusions The TL can be a relatively reliable reference axis to determine rotational alignment of the femoral component similar to PCL and APL.

Objective To investigate the mid-and long-term effects of metal-on-metal hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA),and to analyze its related factors.Methods A total of 64 patients (81 hips) who underwent metal-on-metal HRA from June 2005 to January 2013 were recruited in the present study.There were 35 males (44 hips) and 29 females (37 hips) with the mean age of 48.26±10.45 years (20-65 years),including 47 unilateral and 17 bilateral HRAs.The cohort consisted of osteoarthritis secondary to the developmental dysplasia of the hip (23 cases,29 hips),necrosis of the femoral head (19 cases,22 hips),osteoarthritis (8 cases,10 hips),rheumatoid arthritis (5 cases,9 hips),ankylosing spondylitis (6 cases,8 hips),pigmented villonodular synovitis (2 cases,2 hips) and Otto's disease (1 case,1 hip).During the follow-up duration,radiographic features,including acetabular inclination angle,stem-femoral shaft angle,component loosening,osteolysis,femoral neck narrowing and heterotopic ossification,were evaluated by hip X-rays in straight and froglike position.The size and type of pseudotumor were assessed by MRI and ultrasonography.Clinical efficacy was evaluated by Harris hip score and the University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) hip score.Considering revision surgery as the end point,the component survivorship was calculated.Results The mean follow-up was 7.98±2.21 years,ranging from 5.0 to 12.8 years.The mean postoperative Harris hip score (92.01 ±5.69) was higher than the preoperative score (41.93 ±9.09).The mean postoperative UCLA pain,walking,function,activity scores (9.37±0.86,9.14± 1.01,8.77± 1.09,6.47± 1.27,respectively) were improved when compared with the preoperative UCLA scores (3.57± 1.23,5.99± 1.30,5.00± 1.01,3.84± 1.41,respectively).The postoperative flexion,abduction and adduction,medial and lateral rotation of the hip was larger than the preoperative ones.Complications occurred in 10 hips (12.3％,10/81).Seven patients (8 hips) experienced early and intermediate complications,including one intraoperative femoral nerve injury,one deep femoral artery and saphenous nerve injuries during the same surgery,one unexplained pain of hip,one femoral neck fracture,three hips of heterotopic ossification,and one pseudotumour.There were mid-and long-term complications in two hips,including one narrowing of the neck and one pseudotumour which was occurred at 9 years.There was one patient (2 hips) underwent revision surgery twice at 5 months and 9 years.The former cause of revision was femoral neck fracture and the latter one was pseudotumour.The Kaplan-Meier survivorship was 98.8％ at five years,and 95.0％ at ten years.Conclusion Patients who underwent metal-on-metal HRA could obtain good mid and long-term results.Pseudotumour and unexplained pain of the hip are critical factors which can affect the mid-and long-term results and survivorship of metal-on-metal HRA.

Objective To explore the influencing factors of high risk osteoporosis (OP) population. Methods Using multi-stage cluster sampling method, 1 district was selected from each of the 6 cities randomly, then 3 communities were selected from each district randomly. Questionnaire investigation and physical examination were applied to community residents aged 40-69 years old. The questionnaire mainly included basic information, OP risk assessment (using the 1 minute test method developed by the International OP Foundation), health status and lifestyle information (recent 12 months). The relationship between high-risk groups and influencing factors was analyzed by unconditional logistic regression. Results Totally 6577 valid questionnaires were collected, 2069 were male (31.46％) and 4508 were female (68.54％). A total of 166 cases (2.52％) were found as self-reported OP patients at the age of 40-69, self-reported rate of male (1.55％) was lower than that of female (2.97％) (χ2=11.719, P<0.01), the rate was higher among people aged 60-69 years than people aged 40-49 (χ2=44.766, P<0.01);3400 cases (52.28％) were found as high-risk individuals,there were more male at higher risk than female (OR=1.845). Among different age groups, the 50-59 and 60-69 years age groups had more high risk people than that of 40-49 years group (with OR=2.171 and OR=2.854 respectively). Comparative analysis was also conducted for the following factors: degree of education [college or above (OR=0.517) compared with primary school or junior middle school], occupation [compared with civil servants, technical management personnel (OR=2.289), business services (OR=2.224), farming/forestry/fishing (OR=2.258) and production/transportation staff (OR=2.552)], self-reported history of chronic disease (OR=1.596), fracture (OR=4.061), body pain (OR=2.286) and foot cramps (OR=1.923), as well as calcium/vitamin D intake (OR=1.357), increased sunlight (OR=1.256), daily walking steps>5000 (OR=1.336) and BMI>24.00 (OR=1.322), they were all related to a increased proportion of high risk population. Conclusion The proportion of OP high-risk groups is higher among people aged 40-69. Gender, age, cultural level, occupation, bad health status and lifestyle changes are closely related to higher OP risk. Community residents OP screening should be continued to further study the risk factors of OP.