ObjectiveTo provide evidence for strengthening tuberculosis control in Inner Mongolia by analyzing changes and influencing factors in public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control information among residents between the early stage and 17 years after the implementation of the directly observed treatment， short-course （DOTS） strategy. MethodsBased on the "National Public Knowledge， Belief and Behavior Questionnaire on Tuberculosis Prevention and Control" designed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention， a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Inner Mongolia using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis， and binary Logistic regression was employed to explore the influencing factors of public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control information. ResultsThe overall awareness rate of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control among the public was 67.7% in 2006， and it decreased to 49.2% in 2023 （P<0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed， compared with the groups aged 15-29， illiterate and semi-illiterate， those with public medical care， and those with three or fewer family members， the awareness rate of the groups aged 60 and above （OR=0.689）， those with primary and junior high school education （OR=0.856）， and those with self-paid medical care （OR=0.468） was significantly lower in 2006. The awareness rate was relatively high in groups with more than 3 family members （OR=1.236） （P<0.05）. Compared with the groups aged 15-29， illiterate and semi-illiterate， married， Han ethnicity， employed， and those receiving public medical care， the awareness rate was higher among the groups aged 30-59 （OR=1.976）， 60 and above （OR=2.224）， those with high school education and above （OR=2.801）， and single （OR=2.244） in 2023. However， the awareness rates of ethnic minorities （OR=0.737）， the unemployed （OR=0.557）， and self-funded medical care （OR=0.497） groups were significantly lower （P<0.05）. ConclusionPublic awareness of TB prevention knowledge in Inner Mongolia remains suboptimal. Strengthening diversified health education campaigns， addressing social stigma， and improving healthcare access are critical to enhance regional TB control outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of 450nm semiconductor blue laser vaporization prostatectomy in high-risk benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients without discontinuing anticoagulant drugs, so as to provide a safe and effectiveminimally invasive treatment option for such patients. Methods A total of 40 high-risk BPH patients who underwent 450nm semiconductor blue laser vaporization prostatectomy in our hospital during Sep. 2023 and Dec. 2024 were selected as the research subjects. The patients were divided into two groups: the oral medication group took oral anticoagulants during the perioperative period, while the discontinuation group discontinued anticoagulants, with 20 cases in either group. The perioperative indicators and changes including international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life score (QoL), maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax) and post-void residual (PVR) were compared between the two groups.Results There were no statistically significant differences between the oral medication group and discontinuation group in operation time [(28.83±15.52)min vs. (26.43±14.02)min], postoperative catheter indwelling time [(3.04±0.89) d vs. (3.23±1.01) d], bladder irrigation time [(27.36±7.54) h vs. (25.46±7.10) h], and decrease in hemoglobin [(8.08±1.82)g/L vs. (7.56±1.68)g/L] (all P＞0.05). Three month after surgery, Qmax in both groups was higher, while IPSS, QoL and PVR were significantly lower (P＜0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups (P＞0.05). No serious complications such as urinary incontinence or massive hemorrhage occurred.Conclusion 450nm semiconductor blue laser vaporization prostatectomy for high-risk BPH patients is characterized by high vaporization efficiency and good hemostatic effects. It can significantly improve the clinical symptoms with high safety, especially for high-risk patients who cannot discontinue anticoagulants.

Objective To investigate the biomechanical differences in plantar pressure,postural stability,and plantar Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)scores between normal feet and unilateral/bilat-eral pes cavus,reveal their unique neuromechanical compensation mechanisms,and construct a sta-bility early warning model based on the minimum center of pressure(COP)trajectory classification.Methods A total of 70 patients with pes cavus from December 2023 to October 2024 were selected as study subjects,including 33 patients in the unilateral pes cavus group and 37 patients in the bilat-eral pes cavus group.During the same period,32 normal feet were included as normal foot group.A flat-panel plantar pressure testing system was used to collect dynamic plantar pressure data and COP trajectories from three groups at a self-selected walking speed.There were no statistically significant differences in baseline data such as age,gender,and body mass index among the three groups(P＞0.05).One-way analysis of variance and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test were used to compare the differences in maximum pressure,contact area,VAS scores,and the 95％confidence ellipse area of the COP among the three groups in 10 plantar regions.Results Patients with pes cavus exhibited lower peak pressure in the MF region compared to normal feet,while higher peak pressure in the M2,M3,and MH regions.Patients with bilateral pes cavus showed lower peak pressure in the T1 region compared to normal feet,and patients with unilateral pes cavus had lower peak pressure in the LH region compared to the normal group(P＜0.05).The plantar contact area in patients with pes cavus was reduced in the T1,M2,M3,M4,MF,and MH regions compared to normal feet(P＜0.05).The 95％confidence ellipse area of the COP was larger in both the bilateral and uni-lateral pes cavus groups compared to the normal foot group(P＜0.001).Unilateral pes cavus pres-ented a specific lateral COP drift(amplitude of 3 to 4 cm),which is a biomechanical manifestation of compensatory eversion of the unaffected foot.Patients with bilateral pes cavus exhibited a"bimod-al oscillation"trajectory(amplitude of 6 to 8 cm),suggesting possible vestibular-spinal regulatory dysfunction and the poorest postural stability.In the pes cavus group,there was a significant in-crease in pressure in the M2,M3,and MH regions,with peak pressures exceeding 190 kPa in pa-tients with bilateral pes cavus,which was highly correlated with plantar pain and could serve as a pain early warning threshold.Conclusion Unilateral and bilateral pes cavus exhibit significantly different neuromechanical compensation patterns.The classification based on the"lateral drift"and"bimodal oscillation"characteristics of the COP trajectory can serve as a stability early warning indi-cator for assessing fall risk.Decompression interventions targeting the key pressure regions of M2,M3,and MH(such as customized orthotic insoles)are the core strategies for alleviating pain and optimizing dynamic gait stability.

Objective To establish a prognostic model that predicts the survival and prognosis of gastric adenocarcinoma patients by studying the LncRNAs related to iron death in gastric cancer cells,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the development of their biomarkers and therapeutic targets.Methods The transcript sequencing data of gastric adenocarcinoma patients in the TCGA database were analyzed and intersected with iron death-related genes,which were screened for iron death-related LncRNAs by co-expression and differential analysis methods.One-way and multifactorial Cox regression analyses were used to screen out the prognostic-related LncRNAs in gastric adenocarcinoma patients,so as to establish the prognostic scoring models.On this basis,risk values were calculated for each sample,and the reliability of the model was fully verified.According to the model results,differences in the immune infiltration and immune response between the high-and low-risk groups were analyzed.Results Tumor tissues were screened for 503 LncRNAs(431 up-regulated and 72 down-regulated)associated with iron death compared to the normal tissues;univariate Cox regression analysis yielded 33 LncRNAs that could be used as the independent risk factors,whereas multivariate Cox regression analysis constructed a predictive model consisting of 17 LncRNAs.Survival curves indicated that patients with the high risk had the significantly lower survival rates than those with the low risk(P<0.001).Unifactorial and multifactorial independent prognostic analyses showed that age,stage,and risk value were independent risk factors for patients;Time-dependent ROC curves suggested that the predicted AUC values of the model's 1-,2-,and 3-year survival rates were 0.751,0.799,and 0.779 respectively,proving that the model was reliable and stable.There were significant differences in multiple immune activation responses,the degree of immune cell infiltration,and the expression levels of immune check points between the high-and low-risk groups.Conclusion The established prognostic prediction model based on iron death-related lncRNAs for gastric adenocarcinoma patients can better assess the prognosis of patients,and the lncRNAs included in the model have the feasibility of being developed into biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Postprandial drowsiness is a clinical condition characterized by pronounced drowsiness after meals， while The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor （《黄帝内经》） associates this condition with wei qi （defensive qi）. By analyzing the original texts of The Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor and perspectives from many medical professionals， it is found that the transition between wakefulness and sleep depends on the mutual induction of yin and yang， and that the two pathways of wei qi circulation intersect at the spleen and stomach. Based on this， the core pathogenesis of postprandial drowsiness is proposed to be either upper jiao obstruction or spleen-stomach dysfunction， leading to the stagnation of wei qi internally， then the mutual induction of yin and yang causes inward invasion of wei qi in the body， resulting in drowsiness； at this stage， the stagnated and inward invasive wei qi converges at the spleen and stomach， then merges into the circulation of zang-fu organs， rerouting through the Foot Taiyang Meridian， forming a circulation pattern described as "circulating from yin to yang". Treatment should focus on the root and branch simultaneously， with the primary goal of regulating the circulation of wei qi； facilitating its transition from yin to yang to restore the sleep-wake cycle. By proposing the model of wei qi circulating from yin to yang， this study offers novel insights on the understanding of postprandial drowsiness.

To summarize Professor GAO Shuzhong's clinical experience in treating idiopathic tinnitus with a combination of acupuncture and Chinese meteria medica. It is believed that idiopathic tinnitus is mostly caused by weak lungs and spleen， kidney essence deficiency， liver constraint transforming into fire， and binding constraint of heart qi. Treatment advocates the combination of acupuncture and Chinese meteria medica in clinical practice. Acupuncture treatment mainly focus on the method of opening the orifices by syndrome identification in combination with Ermen （TE 21）， Tinggong （SI 19）， Tinghui （GB 2）， Shenmai （BL 62） to regulate qi and blood， and supporting with Baihui （GV 20）， Yintang （EX-HN 3）， Taichong （LR 3）， and Yanglingquan （GB 34） to soothe the liver， resolve constraint， and calm the mind. Oral administration of Chinese medicinal prescription usually includes modified Yiqi Congming Decoction （益气聪明汤） and Tongqi Powder （通气散）， and the external administration of Chinese medicinal prescription can apply self-prescribed Wenqing Powder （温清散） to navel moxibustion.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of hybrid fixation with tibial prosthesis in primary total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia.Methods:A total of 39 patients (42 knees) with knee osteoarthritis who underwent primary TKA with hybrid fixation with tibial prosthesis in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from November 2022 to June 2024 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 12 males and 27 females with an average age of 68.23±7.02 years (range, 58-89 years). The mean body mass index was 26.15±4.63 kg/m 2 (range, 19.48-39.03 kg/m 2), and the mean bone mineral density T score was -2.38±0.78 (from -4.2 to -1.2). The left knee was 19, and the right knee was 23. The visual analogue scale (VAS) and Knee Society score (KSS) were used to evaluate the knee joint pain and function, and the knee flexion range of motion was measured. Radiographic evaluation included hip-knee-ankle angle, lateral distal femoral angle, and posterior slope of tibial plateau. Results:All patients successfully completed the operation and were followed up for 19.8±5.1 months (range, 4.9-23.6 months). All patients were treated with hybrid fixation with tibial prosthesis assisted by 3D printed porous titanium alloy sleeve. The operation time was 73.8±10.8 min (range, 54-98 min). Thirty-four of 39 patients received standard anti-osteoporosis therapy before operation. The VAS score at the last follow-up was 0(0, 1), which was lower than that before operation 7(6,8), and the difference was statistically significant ( U<0.001, Ρ<0.001). The KSS clinical score at the last follow-up was 76.67±10.04, which was higher than that before operation (50.95±7.35), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=12.030, Ρ<0.001). The knee flexion range of motion at last follow-up was 97.26°±12.94°, showing no significant difference when compared with preoperative 94.52°±16.52° ( t=0.846, Ρ=0.400). The hip-knee-ankle angle at last follow-up was 176.2°±2.54°, which was significantly higher than that before operation 173.5°±5.25° ( t=3.328, Ρ=0.002). The distal lateral femoral and posterior tibial inclination angles at the final follow-up were 89.58°±1.62° and 2.85°±0.91°, respectively, compared with 90.71°±4.01° and 3.05°±1.25° preoperatively, with no statistically significant differences ( t=1.556, Ρ=0.127; t=0.923, Ρ=0.359). No prosthesis loosening, dislocation, periprosthetic infection, deep vein thrombosis and other complications occurred. Conclusion:Hybrid fixation with tibial prosthesis in primary TKA for patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia has a satisfactory clinical effect, which can relieve knee pain and improve joint function.

Objective To analyze the drug resistance and genomic characteristics of clinically isolated hypermuco-viscous Klebsiella pneumoniae(hmKp).Methods Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical specimens from the sentinel hospitals of National Pathogen Identification Network in Huai'an City from 2019 to 2023 were collected,strains were identified by VITEK 2 Compact,mucus phenotype was determined by string test,resistance of hmKp was determined by microbroth dilution method.Molecular typing was conducted by whole-genome sequencing tech-nology,annotation of virulence and resistance genes carried by strains was performed.Results A total of 60 strains of hmKp were collected,mainly isolated from sputum specimens(33.33％)and blood specimens(28.33％).The average genome size of 60 strains was 5.6 Mb,with an average GC content of 57.09％.Multilocus sequence typing(MLST)showed that there were 28 ST types,with the dominant ST types being ST1 1(11.67％),ST15(11.67％),and ST412(10.00％).Core genome MLST(cgMLST)analysis revealed that some strains were highly homologous,and no outbreak strains were found.Multidrug-resistant strains accounted for 60.00％,while imipe-nem-resistant strains accounted for 28.33％.64 types of resistance genes were carried,84.38％of which were loca-ted on mobile element.The carriage rates of fosfomycin-related resistance genes and extended-spectrum β-lactam an-tibiotic-related resistance genes were relatively high in the strains,at 100％and 98.33％,respectively.Among car-bapenem-resistance gene blaKPC-2,21.67％was carried by ST11,ST1,and ST15 strains,among bla NDM-5 gene,3.33％was carried by ST76 strain.A total of 101 virulence genes were carried,most were Colibactin and type Ⅵsecretion system-related virulence genes.All strains carried capsule synthesis regulation-related genes(rcsA,rcsB),efflux pump-related genes(acrA,acrB),and enterobacterin-related genes(entABCEF,fepABCDFG,fes).Conclusion Clinically isolated hmKp in Huai'an exhibits multidrug resistance,with dominant ST types ST11,ST15,and ST412,carrying multiple horizontally transferable resistance and virulence genes,prevention and control measures should be strengthened.

Objective To investigate the effects of DNA Cross-Link Repair 1A(DCLRE1A)on mitochondrial func-tion in lens epithelial cells(LECs).Methods Thirty eyes from 30 patients with age-related cataracts(ARC)were select-ed and divided into three groups:cortical type(ARCC group),nuclear type(ARNC group),and posterior subcapsular type(ARPC group),with 10 cases in each group.Additionally,10 eyes from 10 age-matched patients diagnosed with epiretinal membrane and having clear lenses were selected as the control group.Western blot was used to detect the ex-pression levels of DCLRE1A protein in the anterior capsule tissues of patients in each group and in the lens epithelial cell line(SRA01/04)treated with hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)in vitro and overexpressed DCLRE1A model(OE-DCLRE1A group).The effects of overexpressed DCLRE1A on the expression levels of mitochondrial transcription factor(TFAM)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α(PGC1α)proteins were also detected.Normal cultured SRA01/04 cells were randomly divided into Control group(untreated),H2 O2 group,H2 O2+HA group(transfected with control plasmid HA),and H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group(transfected with DCLRE1A plasmid).RT-PCR was used to measure mtD-NA expression in each group cells.Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and mitochondrial reactive oxy-gen species(ROS)in each group were detected by immunofluorescence staining.Results Western blot analysis showed that compared with the control group cells,the relative expression levels of DCLRE1A protein in the anterior capsule tis-sues of patients in the ARCC,ARNC,and ARPC groups were all decreased,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.001).In the in vitro H2O2-induced oxidative damage model,compared with the Control group,the relative expression level of DCLRE1A protein in the H2O2 group was significantly decreased(P＜0.001).The overexpression efficiency results of DCLRE1A showed that,compared with the Control group,the relative expression level of DCLRE1A protein in the OE-DCLRE1A group cells was significantly increased,with statistical significance(P＜0.001).RT-PCR results showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the expression level of mtDNA in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group was significantly in-creased(P＜0.001).Western blot analysis showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the relative expression levels of TFAM and PGC1α proteins in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group were significantly increased(P＜0.001).Immunofluores-cence staining results showed that compared with the H2O2+HA group,the MMP level in the H2O2+OE-DCLRE1A group was significantly restored,and the accumulation of mitochondrial ROS was reduced(P＜0.001).Conclusion Under H2O2-induced oxidative stress conditions,DCLRE1A promotes the repair of damaged mtDNA in LECs by regulating mito-chondrial biogenesis,thereby reducing LEC apoptosis and participating in the occurrence and development of ARC.

The corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection has assumed global pandemic status in a short period of time since its outbreak.This public health crisis has inflicted unprecedented damage and challenges to more than 200 countries and regions around the word.As the peak of the epidemic gradually subsides,an increasing amount of attention has been shifted to the issue of long-term sequelae in COVID-19 patients.These sequelae are manifested as the continuous dysfunction of multiple organ systems and are known as Long COVID.In response to this new issue,clinical pathological research has continuously made new progress,posing new requirements and challenges for the pre-vention and treatment of Long COVID.This article aims to review the progress of clinical pathological research on Long COVID in recent years,with the expectation of providing new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of this disease.