ObjectiveTo provide evidence for strengthening tuberculosis control in Inner Mongolia by analyzing changes and influencing factors in public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control information among residents between the early stage and 17 years after the implementation of the directly observed treatment， short-course （DOTS） strategy. MethodsBased on the "National Public Knowledge， Belief and Behavior Questionnaire on Tuberculosis Prevention and Control" designed by the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention， a questionnaire survey was conducted among residents in Inner Mongolia using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. Chi-square test was used for univariate analysis， and binary Logistic regression was employed to explore the influencing factors of public awareness of tuberculosis prevention and control information. ResultsThe overall awareness rate of core information on tuberculosis prevention and control among the public was 67.7% in 2006， and it decreased to 49.2% in 2023 （P<0.05）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed， compared with the groups aged 15-29， illiterate and semi-illiterate， those with public medical care， and those with three or fewer family members， the awareness rate of the groups aged 60 and above （OR=0.689）， those with primary and junior high school education （OR=0.856）， and those with self-paid medical care （OR=0.468） was significantly lower in 2006. The awareness rate was relatively high in groups with more than 3 family members （OR=1.236） （P<0.05）. Compared with the groups aged 15-29， illiterate and semi-illiterate， married， Han ethnicity， employed， and those receiving public medical care， the awareness rate was higher among the groups aged 30-59 （OR=1.976）， 60 and above （OR=2.224）， those with high school education and above （OR=2.801）， and single （OR=2.244） in 2023. However， the awareness rates of ethnic minorities （OR=0.737）， the unemployed （OR=0.557）， and self-funded medical care （OR=0.497） groups were significantly lower （P<0.05）. ConclusionPublic awareness of TB prevention knowledge in Inner Mongolia remains suboptimal. Strengthening diversified health education campaigns， addressing social stigma， and improving healthcare access are critical to enhance regional TB control outcomes.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a refractory disease characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. Its typical pathological characteristics are the destruction of intestinal mucosal barrier and the imbalance of immune microenvironment. In severe cases, it can cause intestinal fibrosis and functional failure. Sulfation, a critical post-translational modification, plays an essential role in regulating intestinal homeostasis. Abnormal sulfation metabolism in the intestine of IBD patients can lead to the impairment of intestinal barrier function, immune system disorders and changes in the composition of microbiota. Consequently, targeting the sulfation pathway may be a novel therapeutic strategy for IBD. By supplementing exogenous sulfation substrates, regulating the activity of related key enzymes involved in sulfation or remodeling the microbiota, the level of intestinal sulfation can be effectively restored, thereby repairing the intestinal barrier function and inhibit the inflammatory response. This article systematically summarizes the pathogenic mechanisms of sulfation in IBD, providing a theoretical foundation for developing precision therapeutic strategies targeting the intestinal microenvironment.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of different tip positions applied to midline catheters(MC)and provide evidence-based evidence for venous catheter tip positioning in clinical practice.Methods Computerized searches of PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,CINAHL,CNKI,Wanfang Database,VIP,and CBM for studies on the effectiveness of applying MC with different tip positions were performed from the time of database construction to July 2024.Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.3 software after 2 investigators independently screened the studies,extracted the information and evaluated the quality of the included studies.Results A total of 9 studies with 2 302 hospitalized patients were included.The quality evaluation results of the included studies are all B-level.Meta-analysis showed that when the tip of the MC was located in the subclavian vein compared with the tip of the MC in the axillary vein,the rate of total catheter-related complications,phlebitis,blood leakage,infiltration,catheter occlusion,catheter dislocation,and catheter-associated thrombosis were lower,with a statistically significant difference(P＜0.05).When the tip of the MC was located in the subclavian vein compared with the tip of the MC in the axillary vein,the catheter retention time was longer,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.007).The descriptive analysis showed a lower rate of extubation due to complications when the tip of the MC was located in the subclavian vein compared with when the tip was located in the axillary vein(P＜0.05).Conclusion When the tip of the MC is located in the subclavian vein compared to when it is located in the axillary vein,the incidence of total catheter-related complications,phlebitis,blood leakage,infiltration,catheter occlusion,catheter dislocation,catheter-associated thrombosis,and the rate of catheter extractions due to complications were lower,and the catheter was left in place for a longer period of time.Due to the limitations of the quantity and quality of the included studies,more large-sample,high-quality studies are needed to further validate the effectiveness of different tip positions of MC.

Objective To investigate extended high-frequency hearing in young adults and to analyse its char-acteristics.Methods A total of 230 freshmen(101 males and 129 females,aged 17-19 years old)from the class of 2023 at the Air Force Medical University underwent audiometric tests,including acoustic impedance,conventional frequency and extended high-frequency audiometry,and distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE).Ac-cording to the results of extended high-frequency audiometry,the students were divided into normal and abnormal groups,and the hearing thresholds at conventional frequencies were compared between the two groups.Results Of the 230 students,47.83％(110/230)showed abnormal extended high-frequency hearing.The hearing thresholds of the right ear were 1 to 3 dB higher than those of the left ear at most frequencies.The hearing thresholds of the ab-normal group were higher than those of the normal group in the conventional frequencies(P＜0.05).The difference in extended high-frequency thresholds between the two groups increased with higher frequency.Conclusion Ex-tended high-frequency hearing loss occurs earlier,and has a higher prevalence in young adults,and right ear hearing is worse than that of left ear.Extended high-frequency audiometry can be used as a predictive tool for detecting con-ventional frequency hearing loss.

Objective To observe the value of artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction(AIIR)for improving image quality of 80 kVp low-dose CT enterography(CTE)for Crohn disease(CD).Methods Totally 59 patients with CD who underwent 80 kVp low-dose CTE were retrospectively enrolled,and CTE images were reconstructed with hybrid iterative reconstruction(HIR)(HIR group)and AIIR(AIIR group),respectively.Then subjective and objective scores of image quality were evaluated and compared between groups,and the value of AIIR was analyzed.Results Compared with HIR group,AIIR group clearly displayed the intestinal wall,intestinal lumen,mesenteric vessels and peri-intestinal soft tissue,and displayed typical CD signs more obviously,with higher subjective scores of imaging quality(all P＜0.001).The standard deviation(SD)was lower,while signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of intestinal walls without disease,SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)of diseased intestinal walls in AIIR group were all higher than those in HIR group(all P＜0.001).The effective dose of 80 kVp CTE examination was(2.82±0.54)mSv.Conclusion AIIR was helpful for improving image quality of 80 kVp low-dose CTE for CD.

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of arthroscopic total internal suture combined with platelet-rich plasma(PRP)in the treatment of lateral meniscal popliteal hiatus area injuries.Methods Forty-eight patients diagnosed with lateral meniscal popliteal hiatus area injuries in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected and divided into Fast-Fix total internal suture group(FF group,n=23)and Fast-Fix total internal suture combined with PRP group(PRP group,n=25)according to treatment methods.The positive rate of McMurray test at 6 and 12 months after surgery,the preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)of pain,the International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)scores,the Lysholm Knee Function Scores,and the Knee Society Scores(KSS)were compared between the two groups.Results No adverse events such as vascular and nerve injury,fever and infection occurred in both groups.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the positive rates of McMurray test at 6 and 12 months(χ2=0.880,P=0.348;Fisher's exact test,P=0.479).In the PRP group,25 cases were followed up for11-14 months,with an average of(12.2±0.8)months;in the FF group,23 cases were followed up for11-14 months,with an average of(12.8±0.8)months.The VAS scores at 6 months and 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery in both groups(all P=0.000).The VAS scores of the PRP group at 6 and 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those of the FF group(P<0.05).Both groups showed significant improvements in IKDC,Lysholm,and KSS scores at 6 and 12 months after surgery compared to preoperative levels(all P=0.000).The IKDC,Lysholm,and KSS scores of the PRP group at 6 and 12 months after surgery were significantly higher than those of the FF group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to Fast-Fix total internal suture alone,PRP joint cavity adjuvant therapy based on Fast-Fix total internal suture surgery could reduce the postoperative pain of patients,and promote the functional recovery of the knee joint,which is more recommended in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND:Although researchers have noted that fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 shows great potential in rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction,there is a lack of reviews related to the potential mechanisms of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 in rheumatoid arthritis bone destruction. OBJECTIVE:To comprehensively analyze the mechanism of fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis by reviewing the relevant literature at both home and abroad. METHODS:We searched the CNKI database using the Chinese search terms"fibroblast growth factor receptor 1,rheumatoid arthritis,bone destruction,bone cells,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,chondrocytes,macrophages,synovial fibroblasts,T cells,vascular endothelial cells."PubMed database was searched using the English search terms"fibroblast growth factor receptor 1,rheumatoid arthritis,bone destruction,osteocytes,osteoblasts,osteoclasts,chondrocytes,macrophages,synovial fibroblasts,T cells,endothelial cells."The search period focused on April 1992 to January 2024.After screening the literature by reading titles,abstracts,and full texts,a total of 82 articles were finally included for review according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 was found to be widely expressed in bone tissue-associated cells,including osteoblasts,osteoclasts,and osteoclasts.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 affects bone remodeling and homeostasis by regulating the function of these cells,as well as promoting the onset and progression of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 is involved in the inflammatory response of synovial fibroblasts and macrophages and regulates angiogenesis of endothelial cells in synovial tissues.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 promotes bone destruction in several ways.Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 may be a potential causative agent of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis and provides a reference for further research on its therapeutic targets.

Background and purpose:Internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy(IMSLNB)is a minimally invasive diagnostic technique for regional lymph nodes in breast cancer,which can provide accurate lymph staging and guide adjuvant treatment decision,but its clinical application has been controversial.The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognosis of IMSLNB in early breast cancer.Methods:In this study,a retrospective cohort of 7 949 patients with breast cancer from January 1,2016 to December 31,2021 was analyzed.After applying propensity score matching,the patients were divided into IMSLNB group and no-IMSLNB group,and the regional recurrence-free survival(RRFS),local recurrence-free survival(LRFS),distant metastasis-free survival(DMFS),disease-free survival(DFS)and overall survival(OS)of the two groups were compared.This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Shandong First Medical University(approval number:SDTHEC20130324).Results:A total of 990 patients were included in the final analysis(330 in the IMSLNB group and 660 in the no-IMSLNB group).IMSLN metastasis was found in 54 patients in the IMSLNB group,including 47 patients with axillary lymph node(ALN)metastasis and 7 patients with IMSLN metastasis only.The IMSLN transfer rate was 16.4%.The median follow-up of 41 months showed that the IMSLNB group demonstrated better 3-year DFS[98.4%vs 94.2%,hazard ratio(HR)=0.509;95%CI:0.312-0.828,P=0.007]and 5-year DFS(92.5%vs 87.3%,HR=0.214,95%CI:0.206-0.222,P=0.011)compared with no-IMSLNB group.However,no significant differences were observed in 3-year OS(99.1%vs 99.4%,HR=0.618,95%CI:0.231-1.655,P=0.338)or 5-year OS(98.5%vs 99.1%,HR=0.52,95%CI:0.51-0.53,P=0.392)between the two groups.The 3-year RRFS in the IMSLNB group was better compared with the no-IMSLNB group(99.09%vs 97.73%,HR=0.066;95%CI:0.061-0.071,P=0.048),while no significant differences were observed in 3-year LRFS(99.70%vs 98.19%,HR=0.209;95%CI:0.201-0.217,P=0.130)or DMFS(95.76%vs 96.06%,HR=0.865,95%CI:0.858-0.872,P=0.820)between the two groups.The exploratory subgroup analysis of DFS revealed that patients in the following subgroups could significantly benefit from IM-SLNB(P＜0.05):diagnosis age(≤50 years),premenopausal status,BMI(≤24),lymphovascular invasion(LVI,present),tumor location(lateral),molecular subtype[hormone receptor positive(HR+)/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative(HER2-)],histological type(invasive ductal carcinoma),and axillary lymph node status(positive).Conclusion:IMSLNB can provide more accurate regional lymph node staging for early breast cancer,help optimize adjuvant radiotherapy strategies,and improve patients'DFS and RRFS.It can be promoted as a minimally invasive staging technique for regional lymph nodes.

Objective To investigate the short-term efficacy of arthroscopic total internal suture combined with platelet-rich plasma(PRP)in the treatment of lateral meniscal popliteal hiatus area injuries.Methods Forty-eight patients diagnosed with lateral meniscal popliteal hiatus area injuries in our hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were selected and divided into Fast-Fix total internal suture group(FF group,n=23)and Fast-Fix total internal suture combined with PRP group(PRP group,n=25)according to treatment methods.The positive rate of McMurray test at 6 and 12 months after surgery,the preoperative and postoperative visual analogue scale(VAS)of pain,the International Knee Documentation Committee(IKDC)scores,the Lysholm Knee Function Scores,and the Knee Society Scores(KSS)were compared between the two groups.Results No adverse events such as vascular and nerve injury,fever and infection occurred in both groups.There was no significant difference between the two groups in the positive rates of McMurray test at 6 and 12 months(χ2=0.880,P=0.348;Fisher's exact test,P=0.479).In the PRP group,25 cases were followed up for11-14 months,with an average of(12.2±0.8)months;in the FF group,23 cases were followed up for11-14 months,with an average of(12.8±0.8)months.The VAS scores at 6 months and 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those before surgery in both groups(all P=0.000).The VAS scores of the PRP group at 6 and 12 months after surgery were significantly lower than those of the FF group(P<0.05).Both groups showed significant improvements in IKDC,Lysholm,and KSS scores at 6 and 12 months after surgery compared to preoperative levels(all P=0.000).The IKDC,Lysholm,and KSS scores of the PRP group at 6 and 12 months after surgery were significantly higher than those of the FF group(P<0.05).Conclusion Compared to Fast-Fix total internal suture alone,PRP joint cavity adjuvant therapy based on Fast-Fix total internal suture surgery could reduce the postoperative pain of patients,and promote the functional recovery of the knee joint,which is more recommended in clinical practice.

Surgical intervention for malignant bone tumors frequently results in bone defects located at the metaphysis of the long bones in the lower extremities.The morphological heterogeneity of the metaphysis poses significant challenges for conventional treatment methods to adequately conform to the defect area.The utilization of three-dimensional(3D)-printed titanium bone repair scaffolds has emerged as an effective reconstructive approach for metaphyseal bone defects,as these scaffolds offer precise shape conformity and provide adequate mechanical support.However,the current commonly used scaffolds do not adequately replicate the biomechanical environment of bone defects,resulting in suboptimal bone ingrowth within the scaffolds and subsequent prosthesis loosening and failure post-operation.Bone is a highly force-responsive organ,and its fate is regulated by biomechanical signals.Consequently,designing scaffolds with consideration of biomechanical principles to ensure mechanical compatibility between the scaffolds and the bone defect sites is a critical factor influencing the success of bone defects reconstruction.This review primarily introduces the biomechanical factors influencing bone defect repair and the advancements in designing 3D-printed titanium bone repair scaffolds biomechanically matched with bones,offering theoretical guidance for scaffold design and preparation.