Objective To explore the application effect of the anchored and paired classroom combined case teaching mode in the teaching of pediatric Surgery.Methods The five-year undergraduate students of pediatrics in Guangzhou Medical U-niversity from September 2022 to June 2024 were selected as the research objects.Traditional teaching mode was used as the con-trol group,and the anchored and paired classroom combined case teaching mode was used as the research group.According to the"Teaching Evaluation Form",the learning process,learning effect,classroom atmosphere and teaching strategies were evaluated,and the test results of the two groups of medical students were compared,so as to evaluate the degree of students'mastery of bas-ic knowledge and clinical thinking ability.Results The study group scored higher than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The anchored and paired classroom combined case teaching mode can improve the teaching quality of Pediatric Surgery,improve the classroom atmosphere,and enhance the learning interest and autonomy of medical students.

Objective To explore the application effect of the anchored and paired classroom combined case teaching mode in the teaching of pediatric Surgery.Methods The five-year undergraduate students of pediatrics in Guangzhou Medical U-niversity from September 2022 to June 2024 were selected as the research objects.Traditional teaching mode was used as the con-trol group,and the anchored and paired classroom combined case teaching mode was used as the research group.According to the"Teaching Evaluation Form",the learning process,learning effect,classroom atmosphere and teaching strategies were evaluated,and the test results of the two groups of medical students were compared,so as to evaluate the degree of students'mastery of bas-ic knowledge and clinical thinking ability.Results The study group scored higher than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion The anchored and paired classroom combined case teaching mode can improve the teaching quality of Pediatric Surgery,improve the classroom atmosphere,and enhance the learning interest and autonomy of medical students.

Objective To evaluate the effective of emergent endoscopic injection sclerotherapy ( EIS) for lethal bleeding from esophagogastric varices. Methods In this study, endoscopic injection of 5% sodium morrhuate was used to control esophagogastric variceal bleeding in 176 patients. In all 209 cases, 181 cases suffered from acute lethal bleeding from esophagogastric varices received endoscopic variceal sclerotherapy under the modified Senstaken-Blakemore tube compression. Results The exact bleeding site at the first procedure could be visualized in 166(94. 3% ) patients. The effective rate of EIS was 96. 2% . Multiple procedures were required in the 21 cases of relapsed bleeding. Complications of EIS occurred in 15 cases (8. 5% ) , of which 3(1. 7% ) died. Conclusion Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy under the modified Senstaken-Blakemore tube compression is relatively safe and effective procedure in the treatment of lethal bleeding from esophagogastric varices.

Objective To investigate the treatment of intractable bile duct stones. Methods Of the total 149 cases of biliary stones, some are multiple bile duct stones,large stones,stones obstructed in the duodenal ampulla or residuary stones after T-tube surgery, others are associated with small papilla or papilla with neighoring diverticulum. All the stones were extracted with several endoscopic methods, such as choledochoscopy during or after operation, mechanical lithotripsy after EST(endoscopic sphincterotomy), biliary mother-baby endoscopy, ENBD(endoscopic nasobiliary drainage) or biliary-duodenum internal drainage. Results In general, extrahepatic bile duct stones were effectively removed in 94. 6% cases. In 19 out of 20 cases, stones were completely removed with choledochoscopy during operation; In 35 out of 40 cases stones were fully extracted through T-tube endoscopy, and in 72 of 76 cases stones were thoroughly removed with mechanical lithotripsy after EST. Conclusion The intractable bile duct stones can be effectively managed with combined endoscopic therapy, which is attributed to the high success rate in removing biliary stones and should be popularized in this field.