Objective: To analyze the features of unhealthy lifestyle patterns among primary and secondary school students in the nutrition improvement program for rural compulsory education students (NIPRCES) areas in China in 2021 and 2023, so as to provide data support for lifestyle promotion and healthy development among primary and secondary school students. Methods: Adopting a cluster random sampling method, data on primary and secondary students aged 7-15 years from nutrition and health surveillance of China NIPRCES in 2021 and 2023 were collected. The prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among primary and secondary students such as physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, excessive screen time, and sleep deprivation by gender, school section, urban/rural, and region were analyzed. The reporting rates of the above indicators among primary and secondary students were compared by Chi-square test. Results: In 2021 and 2023, the rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity among primary and secondary school students were 79.2% and 80.4%, the rates of outdoor inactivity were 42.8% and 49.3%, the rates of excessive video time were 2.6% and 2.9%, the rates of sleep deprivation were 32.9% and 22.6%, and the differences were statistically significant( χ 2=51.86,1 071.48,18.36,3 296.99, P <0.05). In 2023, the rate of outdoor inactivity for primary and secondary students increased by 6.5 percentage points compared with 2021, and the rate of sleep deprivation decreased by 10.3 percentage points compared with that in 2021. In 2021 and 2023, the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and sleep deprivation among girls and junior high school students were higher than those among boys ( χ 2=174.41,180.11; 175.75, 85.46 ;92.22,151.35) and elementary school students ( χ 2=136.64,5.75; 40.55,4.71;162.80,3 291.61); the reporting rates of moderate to vigorous physical inactivity( χ 2=194.43,118.60) and sleep deprivation ( χ 2=969.66,983.72) among urban students were higher than those among rural students; the reporting rates of excessive video time for boys and junior high school students were higher than those for girls ( χ 2=103.62,84.85) and elementary school students ( χ 2=810.09,626.51)( P <0.05). From a regional distribution perspective, the reporting rates of moderato to vigorous physical inactivity, outdoor inactivity, and excessive video time among primary and seconday school students in the central and western regions were lower than those in the eastern region ( χ 2= 663.44,302.78; 356.97,82.10;50.89,81.83) ( P <0.05). Conclusions Unhealthy lifestyles remain prevalent among primary and secondary students in NIPRCES areas of China. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy implementation for promoting healthy lifestyles among primary and secondary school students.

Membrane-bound organelles and membraneless organelles (MLOs) coordinate various biological processes within eukaryotic cells. Among these, stress granules (SGs) are significant cytoplasmic MLOs that form in response to cellular stress, exhibiting liquid-like properties alongside stable substructures. SGs interact with diverse organelles, thereby influencing cellular pathways that are critical in both health and disease contexts. This review discusses the interplay between SGs and organelles and explores the methodologies employed to analyze interactions between SGs and other MLOs. Furthermore, it highlights the pivotal roles SGs play in regulating cellular responses and the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Gaining insights into these interactions is essential for deciphering the mechanisms underlying both physiological processes and pathological conditions.
Humans ; Stress Granules/pathology* ; Organelles/metabolism* ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/pathology* ; Animals ; Stress, Physiological ; Cytoplasmic Granules/metabolism*

The NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is essential in innate immune-mediated inflammation, with its overactivation implicated in various autoinflammatory, metabolic, and neurodegenerative diseases. Pharmacological inhibition of NLRP3 offers a promising treatment strategy for inflammatory conditions, although no medications targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome are currently available. This study demonstrates that clioquinol (CQ), a clinical drug with chelating properties, effectively inhibits NLRP3 activation, resulting in reduced cytokine secretion and cell pyroptosis in both human and mouse macrophages, with a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of 0.478 μM. Additionally, CQ mitigates experimental acute peritonitis, gouty arthritis, sepsis, and colitis by lowering serum levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Mechanistically, CQ covalently binds to Arginine 335 (R335) in the NACHT domain, inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome assembly and blocking the interaction between NLRP3 and its component protein. Collectively, this study identifies CQ as an effective natural NLRP3 inhibitor and a potential therapeutic agent for NLRP3-driven diseases.

Objective: To understand the prevalence and related factors of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitoring counties of China s Rural Compulsory Education Nutrition Improvement Program, so as to provide a basis for prevention and psychological intervention of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in rural areas. Methods: In November 2022, a stratified random sampling method was adopted to collect height and weight data, basic personal and family information of 7 949 primary and secondary school students from grade three to grade nine through physical measurements and questionnaires in 56 key monitoring schools implementing the Student Nutrition Improvement Program in 7 in depth monitoring counties (Jalaid Banner in Inner Mongolia, Jinzhai County in Anhui, Mao Xian in Sichuan, Tiandeng County in Guangxi, Mian County in Shaanxi, Zhaozhou County in Heilongjiang and Youxi County in Fujian), and to obtain the information related to their depressive symptoms through the self assessment questionnaire on depression. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the prevalence of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students, as well as their related factors. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among primary and secondary school students in the in depth monitored counties was 23.5%. Logistic regression analysis showed that the probability of detecting depressive symptoms was higher among female students, middle school students, students whose video screen duration per day was >2 h, and students whose parents marital status was divorced or widowed ( OR =1.40, 1.64, 1.60, 1.24), and students whose sleep duration reached the recommended standard, whose parents usually accompanied them daily for time was 60-<120 min and ≥120 min, and students whose mothers literacy level was middle school graduation had lower probability of detecting depressive symptoms ( OR =0.85, 0.84, 0.71, 0.76) ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion The detection rate of depressive symptoms among students in the in depth monitoring area is high, and targeted interventions need to be developed for students to reduce the risk of mental health problems.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the feasibility, accuracy, and safety of multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy using a 1T open MRI scanner for evaluating suspicious centrally located lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis. Materials and Methods: In this single-center study, MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy was performed for 107 suspicious central lung lesions with associated post-obstructive atelectasis in 107 patients between July 2015 and December 2020. A fast T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-turbo spin echo (TSE) sequence and an enhanced fast T1-weighted imaging (T1WI)-TSE sequence were used to identify, localize, and biopsy lung lesions, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) was used as a supplementary sequence for identifying the lesion location. The final diagnosis was confirmed by surgical histopathology or clinical follow-up for a minimum of 24 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for diagnosing lung malignancies were calculated, and the complications were recorded for each case. Results: Using multiparameter MRI, central lung lesions could be clearly distinguished from post-obstructive atelectasis in 96 patients (89.7%). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MRI-guided percutaneous biopsy for diagnosing lung malignancy was 97.0% (98/101), 100% (6/6), and 97.2% (104/107), respectively. Self-limited hemoptysis occurred in three patients. Pneumothorax occurred in five patients, of which none required pleural drainage. No serious procedure-related complications were observed. Conclusion As a technology that does not involve ionizing radiation, multiparameter MRI-guided percutaneous coaxial cutting biopsy is a safe and accurate diagnostic technique for evaluating centrally located lung lesions associated with post-obstructive atelectasis.

[Purpose]To analyze the trends of brain tumor incidence and age of onset in cancer registration areas of Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2019.[Methods]The incidence data of brain tumors from 2009 to 2019 were obtained from 16 national cancer registration areas of Jiangsu Province.The crude incidence rate,age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard popula-tion(ASIRC),average age of onset,standardized age-specific incidence rate,and annual average percentage change(AAPC)by sexes and regions were calculated.[Results]The incidence rate of brain tumor in Jiangsu Province from 2009 to 2019 showed an increasing trend(AAPC=4.12％,95％CI:3.31％～4.95％),and the increase in female(AAPC=5.79％,95％CI:4.44％～7.15％)was higher than that in male(AAPC=2.31％,95％CI:1.66％～2.97％);and the increase in urban areas(AAPC=4.84％,95％CI:3.52％～6.18％)was higher than that in rural areas(AAPC=3.04％,95％CI:2.12％～3.98％).The ASIRC also showed an increasing trend(AAPC=2.14％,95％CI:1.27％～3.02％).Birth cohort analysis showed that within the same age group,the incidence rate of brain tumors increased with increasing birth years.The average age of onset for crude incidence showed a delaying trend of 0.43 years old per year(t=7.09,P＜0.001);that for ASIRC was 0.20 years old per year(t=3.33,P=0.009).The proportion of patients in the age group of 60 years old and above increased from 35.79％in 2009 to 44.18％in 2019.[Conclusion]The incidence of brain tumor in cancer registration areas of Jiangsu Province showed an increasing trend from 2009 to 2019 with a delaying trend of average age of onset.

Objective:To explore the pathogenic mechanism of a child with Waardenburg syndrome type 4C due to a c. 661_664dup (p.P222Lfs*60) variant of SOX10 gene through in vitro experiments. Methods:A child diagnosed at the Handan First Hospital was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child was collected. Peripheral blood samples were collected from the child and his parents. Following extraction of genomic DNA, trio-whole exome sequencing was carried out. Pathogenicity of candidate variant was determined by bioinformatic analysis and reference to the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG). Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing. Expression plasmids of wild-type SOX10 and the c. 661_664dup (p.P222Lfs*60) variant were constructed and transiently transfected into 293T cells to determine the expression at the RNA and protein levels. The 293T cells transiently transfected with the wild-type/mutant SOX10 were treated with 10 μg/mL cycloheximide (CHX) for 0, 4, 8, 24 h, respectively, and the degradation rate of target protein was detected by Western blotting assay. This study has been approved by the Ethics Committe of Handan First Hospital(Ethics No.HDYY-LW-25053). Results:The child was found to harbor a heterozygous c. 661_664dup (p.P222Lfs*60) variant of the SOX10 gene, which was unreported previously. The variant did not significantly alter the expression of SOX10 at the mRNA level but the protein level. After the CHX treatment, the degradation of mutant SOX10 protein had slowed down. Conclusion:The mutant SOX10 may affect the expression of downstream genes by affecting the degradation rate of its protein product.

Objective:To investigate the expression levels, correlation, and diagnostic efficacy of peripheral blood CD8 +T lymphocyte subsets and different immune checkpoint markers in patients with Brucellosis. Method:A case-control study was conducted on 32 patients with acute phase brucellosis (27 males and 5 females, aged 36 (30, 43) years), 38 patients with chronic phase brucellosis (30 males and 8 females, aged 40 (32, 48) years), and 30 healthy controls (24 males and 6 females, aged 39 (32, 46) years), who underwent physical examination at Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People′s Hospital from February 1, 2021 to December 31, 2023. All subjects had fasting blood sampling once in the morning. Flow cytometry was used to detect the proportion of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, the expression levels of CD8 +T lymphocyte surface programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-1), T lymphocyte immunoglobulin receptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain containing protein 3 (TIM-3), perforin and granzyme B. The changes in these indicators during the acute and chronic phases of the disease were observed, and correlation analysis was performed using Spearman′s method. Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (ROC) analysis is used to evaluate the diagnostic value of immunological indicators with differences in acute and chronic brucellosis. Results:CD3 +T lymphocyte in the chronic group (70.71%±8.78%) is significantly lower than that in the healthy control group (74.65%±7.31%) ( P<0.05), and CD4 +T lymphocyte in the acute phase group (39.52%±5.85%) is also lower than that in the healthy control group (45.10%±5.18%) ( P<0.01); while CD8 +T lymphocyte in the acute group (31.73%±5.87%) is significantly higher than that in the chronic phase group (26.75%±4.71%) ( P<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference ( P<0.001) in CD8+CD28 -T lymphocyte among the acute group (69.85% (58.62%, 78.55%)), chronic group (86.46% (73.30%, 92.52%)) and healthy control group (25.39% (20.60%,32.90%)), when compared pairwise. The expression levels of immune checkpoint PD-1, TIGIT, and TIM-3 on the surface of CD8 +T lymphocytes were higher in both the acute and chronic groups than in the healthy control group ( P<0.001). The expression level of perforin secreted by CD8 +T lymphocytes in the acute and chronic groups was lower than that in the healthy control group ( P<0.05), while the expression level of granzyme B in the acute and chronic groups was higher than that in the healthy control group ( P<0.01). The proportion of CD8 +CD28 -T lymphocytes in brucellosis patients was positively correlated with the expression levels of TIGIT and TIM-3 ( r=0.624, 0.406, P<0.001). The ROC curve combined with the proportion of CD8 +CD28 -T lymphocytes and the proportion of TIGIT on the surface of CD8 +T lymphocytes can distinguish acute and chronic brucellosis. The Area Under Curve (AUC) is 0.973, which has certain implications for clinical differentiation of patients with acute and chronic diseases. Conclusion:The CD8 +T lymphocyte subsets in patients with brucellosis exhibit dynamic changes, accompanied by changes in relevant immune checkpoint molecules, and can regulate the activation and inhibition of the immune status of brucellosis patients. The synergistic effect of CD8 +CD28 -T cells and TIGIT/TIM-3 may be a key mechanism of driving chronicity, and their combined diagnosis can serve as a clinical staging marker.