OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of establishing a temporary trauma team led by trauma experts in primary hospitals for disaster medical rescue. METHODS: In the coal mine flooding accident in Xiaoyi City, Shanxi Province on December 15, 2021, according to the local emergency plan and the characteristics of the accident, the trauma experts trained the medical staff from the local primary hospital on advanced trauma life support (ATLS) and damage control surgery (DCS) in the short time interval between the occurrence of the mine disaster and the admission of medical staff to the disaster scene. A temporary trauma team composed of trauma experts, ATLS team, and DCS team was formed to provide early diagnosis and treatment for survivors before and in the hospital. RESULTS: The miners were found on the 36th hour of the disaster. All 22 miners were male, and 2 died underground. Another 20 people were rescued 39－43 hours after the disaster, with a median age of 48 years (34-57 years). All the survivors suffered from hypothermia, dehydration, maceration of feet and other injuries. There were 18 cases of acute inhalation tracheobronchitis, 14 cases of electrolyte acid-base disturbance, 6 cases of trunk contusion, 1 case of psoas major hematoma, and 1 case of lower extremity hematoma. Deep vein thrombosis was in 4 cases. The ATLS team focused on injury assessment, rewarming and rehydration within 50－60 minutes before admission, and completed auxiliary examinations within 2 hours after admission to clarify the diagnosis. The DCS team evaluated 6 patients with mechanical blunt trunk injury and excluded the indication of emergency surgery. The trauma experts conducted the whole process of supervision and quality control of disaster rescue. The positive rate of capillary refill test in the all survivors at the third hour of admission was significantly lower than that immediately after being rescued (75.0% vs. 15.0%, P=0.000 3), and they were discharged 4－7 days after admission. CONCLUSION Under the leadership of trauma experts and relying on the medical staff of primary hospitals, it is feasible to establish and train a temporary trauma team with ATLS and DCS functions to participate in the medical rescue of disasters, which is in line with the current national conditions of China.
Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Male ; Rescue Work/organization & administration* ; China ; Disasters ; Patient Care Team/organization & administration* ; Wounds and Injuries/therapy* ; Advanced Trauma Life Support Care/organization & administration* ; Disaster Planning/organization & administration* ; Emergency Medical Services/organization & administration*

Protrusive facial deformities, characterized by the forward displacement of the teeth and/or jaws beyond the normal range, affect a considerable portion of the population. The manifestations and morphological mechanisms of protrusive facial deformities are complex and diverse, requiring orthodontists to possess a high level of theoretical knowledge and practical experience in the relevant orthodontic field. To further optimize the correction of protrusive facial deformities, this consensus proposes that the morphological mechanisms and diagnosis of protrusive facial deformities should be analyzed and judged from multiple dimensions and factors to accurately formulate treatment plans. It emphasizes the use of orthodontic strategies, including jaw growth modification, tooth extraction or non-extraction for anterior teeth retraction, and maxillofacial vertical control. These strategies aim to reduce anterior teeth and lip protrusion, increase chin prominence, harmonize nasolabial and chin-lip relationships, and improve the facial profile of patients with protrusive facial deformities. For severe skeletal protrusive facial deformities, orthodontic-orthognathic combined treatment may be suggested. This consensus summarizes the theoretical knowledge and clinical experience of numerous renowned oral experts nationwide, offering reference strategies for the correction of protrusive facial deformities.
Humans ; Orthodontics, Corrective/methods* ; Consensus ; Malocclusion/therapy* ; Patient Care Planning ; Cephalometry

BACKGROUND

Advance care planning (ACP) discussions are vital, but they remain largely neglected and met with resistance in the Philippines. The general population, especially non-medical individuals, has not actively engaged in ACP. To address this, we developed the ‘ACP-READY’ program for primary care settings.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of ‘ACP-READY’ in facilitating the completion of Advance Directives (ADs) among non-medical personnel and identifying barriers to their completion.

METHODS

A randomized, controlled, single-blind approach with a quantitative survey followed by qualitative semi-structured interviews enrolled 161 English-literate, legally competent individuals aged 18-65 from a hospital’s non-medical staff. Participants were randomly assigned to control (n=77) or intervention (n=84) groups. We initially evaluated participants’ readiness for ACP (ACPRe)1. Subsequently, both groups were instructed to complete an AD form in their preferred language, with the experimental group receiving an interactive ACP seminar. Post-test assessments gauged participants’ willingness to complete their AD. A focused-group discussion was conducted to explore their experiences.

RESULTS

Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. There was no statistical difference in readiness improvement and AD completion rates between the control and intervention groups. Well-worded brief instruction and comprehensive seminars were equally effective in enhancing readiness and promoting AD completion (pCONCLUSION

Concise and well-presented instruction on ACP is as effective as comprehensive seminars in promoting AD completion among medically stable individuals. Family physicians, with their longitudinal, patient-centered approach, can address some of the identified barriers.

Human ; Advance Care Planning ; Patient Engagement ; Patient Participation ; Primary Care ; Primary Health Care

With the development of computer and digital technology, the application of computer-aided technology has become a new trend in the field of oral implant. Computer-guided oral implant surgery has the advantages of being safer and more accurate than traditional implant surgery, and it can truly realize the concept of restoration-oriented implant. However, computer-guided oral implant surgery has various steps which cause deviations accumulation, so that some clinicians remain sceptical about the accuracy of the technology. Currently, due to the lack of a quantitative system for evaluating the accuracy of computer-guided oral implantation, the implant deviation in each step is still inconclusively in the stage of research and debate. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the advantages and disadvantages, research progress, accuracy and influencing factors of computer-guided oral implantation, aiming to provide a reference for improving implant accuracy and guiding clinical design and surgery.
Computer-Aided Design ; Computers ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Implants ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Patient Care Planning ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

Identifying the ideal implantation site is important for the long-term stability and effectiveness of follow-up restorations. Implant surgical guide and navigation are used to determine the implantation site in clinic and improve the precision of implantation. However, due to difficulties in digital methods, such as multiple procedures, high cost, and actual accuracy of more than 1 mm, many physicians still prefer to operate with free hand. In preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative procedures, time-saving and practical methods for implant site evaluation are lacking. In many cases, oral physicians found that the position deviates only by cone beam CT, which was costly to modify the position. In this article, we presented a precise implantation insertion technology that is guided by a measurable technique throughout the implantation application for all implant systems. This method was guided by a dynamic control measuring ruler, which functions together with the measuring and intraoperative locating rulers. The 3D space of the operative area was measured by a measuring ruler prior to operation, and the implant plan and quantitative guidance design were conducted according to the measured and cone beam CT data. The whole implantation process was guided by the dynamic control measuring ruler, and measuring verification results were also considered. This method can realize the quantification of the entire preoperative space analysis, intraoperative precise implantation guidance, and postoperative site measurement and evaluation. This practical technique also helps to adjust the position, improve the implantation accuracy and is suitable in generalizing dental implantation.
Computer-Aided Design ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Patient Care Planning ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

Dental implants have become the main choice for patients to fill in their missing teeth. A precise placement is the basis for a functional and aesthetic restoration. A digital surgical guide is a carrier that transfers the preoperative plan of dental implants to the actual surgery. This paper provides some references that can help clinicians improve the accuracy of implant surgery by stating the development, classification, advantages and disadvantages, and factors that affect the accuracy of digital guides.
Computer-Aided Design ; Dental Implantation, Endosseous ; Dental Implants ; Esthetics, Dental ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Patient Care Planning ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted

OBJECTIVES: The perceptions of family-planning (FP) acceptors regarding contraception influence the reasons for which they choose to switch their method of contraception. The objective of this study was to analyze the perceptions of contraception and rationales for switching contraceptive methods among female FP acceptors in West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. METHODS: This study involved the analysis of secondary data from the Improve Contraceptive Method Mix study, which was conducted in 2013 by the Center for Health Research, University of Indonesia. The design of the study was cross-sectional. We performed 3 stages of sampling using the cluster technique and selected 4819 women who were FP acceptors in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia as the subjects of this study. The data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: The predominant pattern of switching contraceptive methods was switching from one non-long-term method of contraception to another. Only 31.0% of the acceptors reported a rational pattern of switching contraceptive methods given their age, number of children, and FP motivations. Perceptions of the side effects of contraceptive methods, the ease of contraceptive use, and the cost of the contraceptives were significantly associated (at the level of α=0.05) with rational patterns of switching contraceptive methods. CONCLUSIONS: Perceptions among FP-accepting women were found to play an important role in their patterns of switching contraceptive methods. Hence, fostering a better understanding of contraception through high-quality counseling is needed to improve perceptions and thereby to encourage rational, effective, and efficient contraceptive use.
Child ; Contraception ; Contraceptive Agents ; Counseling ; Family Planning Services ; Female ; Foster Home Care ; Humans ; Indonesia ; Logistic Models ; Methods ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care

In Korea, the Hospice, Palliative Care, and Life-sustaining Treatment Decision-making Act was enacted in February 2016 in order to ensure that the patient's self-determination in end-of-life care processes is respected. To enhance physicians' understanding of this act and to provide proper criteria for medical judgment in variety of clinical settings, consensus guidelines were published in November 2016. In this article, the characteristics of these guidelines and related issues regarding the definitions of ‘the end stage of disease’ and ‘last days of life’ and the criteria for medical judgment are presented and summarized. According to the guidelines, the term ‘end stage of disease’ refers to a state in which there is no possibility of a fundamental recovery and the symptoms are expected to worsen within months. The terms ‘the last days of life’ and ‘the final days of life’ refer to a state in which, despite treatment, the patient's condition is worsening and death is impending, with no possibility of recovery. The attending physician and another relevant specialist should both judge a patient's medical condition as either ‘end stage of disease’ for hospice/palliative care or ‘the last days of life’ for dying patient care according to the law. Caregivers should provide appropriate medical information to eligible patients for palliative or ‘end stage of disease’ care through advance care planning. Therefore, it is critically necessary that caregivers understand the legitimate process of hospice/palliative and dying patient care based on the patient's wishes and best interests. Physicians should apply these consensus guidelines to eligible patients considering their clinical course and the patients' wishes.
Advance Care Planning ; Caregivers ; Consensus ; Hospices ; Humans ; Judgment ; Jurisprudence ; Korea ; Palliative Care ; Patient Care ; Specialization

Advance Care Planning ; ethics ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Decision Making ; ethics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Preference ; statistics & numerical data ; Risk Assessment ; Singapore ; Terminal Care ; ethics ; methods ; Third-Party Consent ; ethics ; legislation & jurisprudence

OBJECTIVETo discuss through retrospective study associated factors influencing orthodontists to develop orthodontic treatment plans and to calculate constituent ratio of a typical extraction in orthodontic treatment.

METHODSSystematic sampling was performed among 7 344 orthodontic patients, who received orthodontic treatment from April 2012 to March 2014 in the Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University. The study included statistical data on factors that may influence development of treatment plans. Samples were used to calculate extraction-ratio and atypical-extraction-ratio. Research focused on associated factors influencing development of treatment plans while evaluating correlation significances of each factor. Finally, treatment outcomes of atypical-extraction were compared with those of typical-extraction.

RESULTSAmong studied patients, 55.31% (406/734) received orthodontic extraction treatment. In orthodontic-extraction-treated patients, typical-extraction accounted for 59.11% (240/406), orthodontists-selected atypical-extraction accounted for 23.15% (94/406), and passive atypical-extraction accounted for 17.73% (72/406). With statistical analysis, we inferred associated factors influencing development of treatment plans as follows: sex and age of patients, sex of orthodontists, accurate condition of specific teeth, Angle's classification, and degree of midline deviation. Tooth loss before treatment also directly influences passive atypical-extraction. Statistically significant factors were not obtained. Significant difference of treatment outcome was not observed between atypical-extraction and typical-extraction-orthodontic treatment (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAbove mentioned factors may influence orthodontists to develop treatment plans. However, orthodontists should also consider expected results of treatment strategies to prepare individual treatment plans on the basis of comprehensive analysis. 
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Dental Care ; Humans ; Malocclusion ; Orthodontics ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Patient Care Planning ; Retrospective Studies ; Tooth ; Tooth Extraction ; Treatment Outcome