Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted global mental health, exacerbating anxiety, depression, and insomnia, with prevalence rates of 25–30%, 27–32%, and 30–45%, respectively—2–3 times higher than pre-pandemic levels. Neuroticism, a key personality trait from the Big Five model, characterized by heightened negative emotions and stress reactivity, has been linked to increased vulnerability. Meta-analyses show neuroticism triples anxiety risk (OR=3.21; 95% CI: 2.35–4.39) and correlates strongly with insomnia (r=0.46, p<0.001) and depression during the pandemic. In Mongolia, empirical data on neuroticism's role remains limited. Objective: This study examines whether neuroticism acts as a risk factor for anxiety, depression, and insomnia among hospitalized patients during COVID-19. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study enrolled 552 patients (72.3% COVID-19 cases, 27.7% controls) from tertiary hospitals in Mongolia (2024). Participants (mean age 52.8±15.5 years; 60.5% female) completed self-reported questionnaires: Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) for neuroticism, PHQ-9 for depression, GAD 7 for anxiety, ISI for insomnia, and PCL 5 for PTSD. Sociodemographics were assessed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0 with chi-square tests (p<0.05 significance). Instruments showed high reliability (Cronbach’s α=0.81–0.89). Ethical approval was obtained from MNUMS Ethics Committee (No. 2024-Psy-17). Results: Overall, 79.5% were depression free, 84.8% anxiety-free, and 77.5% insomnia-free. High neuroticism (n=381) was significantly associated with depression (24.4% vs. 11.7%, p<0.001), anxiety (18.6% vs. 7.6%, p<0.001), insomnia (28.3% vs. 9.4%, p<0.001), and any mental disorder (21.3% vs. 7%, p<0.001), but not PTSD (p=0.472). Cholerics (n=200) showed elevated risks (depression 29.5%, insomnia 34.5%, p<0.001), while sanguines/phlegmatics were protective. Verbal expression and trust levels showed no significant associations. Conclusion Neuroticism significantly heightens risks for anxiety, depression, and insomnia during COVID-19, underscoring the need for targeted psychological interventions. Temperament-informed screening could enhance prevention strategies in crisis settings.

Background: Regularly participate international High-level in sports athletes national and competitions and engage in intense training, developing endurance and resilience. Measuring blood lactate levels is crucial for improving an athlete’s performance, assessing sports performance, and enhancing the effectiveness of future training. Aim: To study the relationship between lactate levels in the blood plasma and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity in Mongolian National Team athletes. Materials and Methods: The study involved 51 athletes from the Mongolian National Team. Anaerobic capacity was assessed using a Monark 894E Ergomedic Peak Bike, designed to apply exercise load. Blood serum lactate level and lactate dehydrogenase enzyme activity were determined using a Biobase BK-280 fully automated biochemical analyzer. Heart rate, peripheral blood oxygen levels, and oxygen saturation were measured using a pulse oximeter. Results: The average age of the participants was 24.04 ± 4.15 years, with an average height of 168 ± 8.78 cm and an average weight of 71.01 ± 7.69 kg. The average BMI was 24.82 ± 4.12 kg/m². Pre exercise lactate levels averaged 3.84 ± 0.75 mmol/L, while post-exercise lactate levels averaged 9.67±3.52 mmol/L. The average heart rate before exercise was 66.04±8.9 bpm, while post-exercise heart rate was 123.6±16.06 bpm. The average VO₂ max was 95.18±2.48. Conclusion The lactate levels before and after exercise among the athletes participating in the study showed significant differences in the age groups 20-29 (p<0.0001). When comparing lactate levels before and after exercise by sport, statistically significant increases were observed in freestyle wrestling and judo athletes (p<0.0001)

Нойр булчирхайн цочмог үрэвсэл, эмнэлзүйн урьдчилан тооцоолох дүрэм, Ranson –ийн шалгуур, APACHE II-ийн шалгуур A clinical prediction rule is a type of medical research study in which researchers try to identify the best combination of medical sign, symptoms, and other findings in predicting the probability of a specific disease or outcome. More than 80% of all patients with acute pancreatitis recover promptly without developing severe pancreatitis. The presence of early organ failure (within 24 hours of admission), multiple-organ system failure, and persistent or progressive (present beyond 48 hours after admission) organ failure are associated with prolonged hospitalization, ICU admission, need for surgery, and death. In high developed country, Ranson and APACHE II prognostic criteria are used in order to evaluate patient´s situation and modified treatment tactics. That is give an idea us to carry out retrospective study, by using patients´ documents, who hospitalized in National central hospital in last year. As result, according to Ranson´s criteria 13 (31.7%) of all patients had 0-2 score, which means mortality risk was 1.8%, 20 (48.8%) had 3-4 score (mortality risk is 11%), 8 (19.5%) were estimated 5-6 score, having 33% of mortality risk. Whereas, regarding to APACHE-II criteria 14 (34.2%) of total patients had score of 0-4, showing 4% of mortality risk, 23 (56.1%) were scored 5-9, having 8% of risk, 3 (7.3%) were scored 10-14, having 15% of risk, 1 (2.4%) had 15-19 score, having 24% of risk. Moreover, we determined that incomplete laboratory test, meaning essential prognostic criteria not used in Mongolia.