This paper summarizes professor BAI Yanping's clinical experience in treating rosacea. It is believed that stagnant heat in cutaneous collaterals serves as the core pathogenesis of rosacea， and the interbinding of static blood and heat as well as blockage of cutaneous collaterals constitute the key pathological links. The core therapeutic principles consist of nourishing blood， activating blood circulation to resolve stasis， clearing heat， relieving stagnation and unblocking collaterals. In clinic， Wenqing Decoction （温清饮） is adopted as the basic formula， with flexible modifications according to distinct clinical syndromes and stages of rosacea. Based on clinical syndromes， for erythematotelangiectatic rosacea， the treatment should focus on activating blood to unblock collaterals， clearing heat and cooling blood； for papulopustular rosacea， the treatment should focus on clearing heat and resolving toxins， and resolving stasis and dissipating masses； for hypertrophic phymatous rosacea， the treatment should simultaneously softening hard masses， dissipating stagnation， nourishing blood and moisturizing the skin； for ocular rosacea， the treatment should prioritize clearing liver heat to improve eyesight， unblocking orifices and eliminating heat. Based on the stages， in acute phase， heat-clearing， detoxifying and blood-cooling therapies are emphasized； for protracted chronic phase， concurrent regulation of static blood and heat plus blood-nourishing and collateral-unblocking methods are applied； the consolidation stage targets invigorating the spleen and replenishing qi to strengthen vital resistance and eliminate pathogenic factors. Meanwhile， precise compatibility of aromatic medicinals， blood-level medicinals and channel-guiding medicinals is highly valued. The therapy should balance systemic regulation and local lesion care， and combine internal and external treatment， which may provides clinical references for TCM intervention of rosacea.

This paper summarizes professor BAI Yanping's clinical experience in treating rosacea. It is believed that stagnant heat in cutaneous collaterals serves as the core pathogenesis of rosacea， and the interbinding of static blood and heat as well as blockage of cutaneous collaterals constitute the key pathological links. The core therapeutic principles consist of nourishing blood， activating blood circulation to resolve stasis， clearing heat， relieving stagnation and unblocking collaterals. In clinic， Wenqing Decoction （温清饮） is adopted as the basic formula， with flexible modifications according to distinct clinical syndromes and stages of rosacea. Based on clinical syndromes， for erythematotelangiectatic rosacea， the treatment should focus on activating blood to unblock collaterals， clearing heat and cooling blood； for papulopustular rosacea， the treatment should focus on clearing heat and resolving toxins， and resolving stasis and dissipating masses； for hypertrophic phymatous rosacea， the treatment should simultaneously softening hard masses， dissipating stagnation， nourishing blood and moisturizing the skin； for ocular rosacea， the treatment should prioritize clearing liver heat to improve eyesight， unblocking orifices and eliminating heat. Based on the stages， in acute phase， heat-clearing， detoxifying and blood-cooling therapies are emphasized； for protracted chronic phase， concurrent regulation of static blood and heat plus blood-nourishing and collateral-unblocking methods are applied； the consolidation stage targets invigorating the spleen and replenishing qi to strengthen vital resistance and eliminate pathogenic factors. Meanwhile， precise compatibility of aromatic medicinals， blood-level medicinals and channel-guiding medicinals is highly valued. The therapy should balance systemic regulation and local lesion care， and combine internal and external treatment， which may provides clinical references for TCM intervention of rosacea.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of interferon-γ(IFN-γ)on the repair of dental pulp injury.Methods:hDPSCs were isolated and cultured,and the hDPSCs were divided into control group,0.05 ng/mL IFN-γ group,0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group,5 ng/mL IFN-γ group and 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ+PDTC group.Transwell was used to detect the effect of IFN-γ on the migration abil-ity of human dental pulp stem cells,alizarin red staining was used to evaluated the influence of IFN-γ on the osteogenic differentia-tion of hDPSCs,and the expression of protein related to Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in cells was detected by Western blot.The rat dental pulp mechanical injury model was established,and the 3D cultured hDPSCs cell mass and hDPSCs cell mass with 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ were placed in the cavity of the established rat dental pulp injury model.The cavity was filled with glass ionomer,and HE staining was used to compare the repair of dental pulp tissue in each group of rats.Results:The number of migrating cells in dif-ferent concentrations of IFN-γ groups was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically signif-icant(P＜0.05),and the number of migrated cells in the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group was more than that in the 0.05 ng/mL IFN-γgroup and the 5 ng/mL IFN-γ group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the mineralized nodules and osteoblastic differ entiation of hDPSCs in different concentrations IFN-γgroups were significantly inhibited(P＜0.05).Compared with the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ group,the mineralized nodule formation and osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs in the 0.5 ng/mL IFN-γ+PDTC group were enhanced(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the ALP activity of IFN-γ group and IFN-γ+PDTC group was significantly lower(P＜0.05),and the ALP activity of IFN-γ+PDTC group was higher than that of IFN-γgroup,and the difference between groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the protein ex-pression levels of Wnt1,β-catenin,RUNX2,CyclinD1 and OCN in the IFN-γ group and IFN-γ+PDTC group were significantly decreased,while the GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β had increased,and the difference between the groups was statistically significant(P＜0.05),the protein expressions of Wnt1,β-catenin,RUNX2,CyclinD1 and OCN in the IFN-γ+PDTC group were significantly higher than those in the IFN-γ group,while the protein expression levels of p-GSK-3β and GSK-3β were lower than those in the IFN-γ group,and the differences between the groups were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,the inflammatory response in the dental pulp mechanical injury model of the IFN-γ group was aggravated,and the dentin formation was significantly inhibited.Conclusion:IFN-γ can promote the migration of hDPSCs and inhibit the osteogenic differentiation of hDP-SCs,and IFN-γ has an inhibitory effect on the formation of restorative dentin after pulp injury,which may be related to the expres-sion regulation of Wnt signaling pathway.

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of fungi on object surface in hospital environ-ment,and provide reference for the scientific and precise formulation of environment control strategies based on fun-gal in clinic.Methods From December 7 to 23,2023,a total of 60 environmental specimens of 19 categories in 6 departments of a large tertiary first-class hospital were collected and divided into water-related environmental speci-men group,complete facade environmental specimen group,and sanitary ware environmental specimen group.18S rRNA sequencing was performed on specimens with fungi detected.Results Fungal detection rate of environmental specimens was 20.00％(12/60).Sink in the department of endocrinology had the highest fungal colony count(15 CFU/cm2),followed by the air outlet of air disinfection device in the department of thoracic surgery and the in-ternal part of a faucet in the department of endocrinology(both 10 CFU/cm2).The water-related environmental specimen group detected most diverse fungal genera(14 species),with high relative abundances of Aspergillus(100％),Meyerozyma(99.06％),Ophiocordyceps genus(95.63％),and Kodamaea(87.86％).The air outlet of air disinfection device was detected with a high abundance of Chaetomium(44.08％)and Corollospora(39.71％).There was no statistically significant difference in the α-diversity(Shannon and Simpson indices,P values of 0.661 and 0.568,respectively)and β-diversity(P=0.712)among the three environmental specimens.Conclusion Under the routine implementation of basic environmental cleaning and disinfection in medical institutions,fungi are in a low prevalence in the environment.However,moist surfaces and air disinfection device are prone to fungal colonization,and it is necessary to strengthen daily monitoring and take corresponding intervention measures to reduce the risk of infection.

Objective To quantitatively measure the density of hydroxyapatite(HAP)(water)within lumbar vertebral bodies using the gemstone spectral imaging(GSI)material decomposition technique and to compare and analyze the clinical significance of density variations of HAP(water)in different regions of L1-L3 vertebral bodies.Methods A total of 242 patients who underwent lumbar quantitative computed tomography(QCT)scans via utilizing the GSI technique were selected.Following the scans,the HAP(water)density values in four regions(anterosuperior,posterosuperior,anteroinferior,and posteroinferior)of each L1-L3 vertebral bodies were quantitatively measured using the material decomposition technique.Based on the QCT results,all cases were divided into three groups of normal bone mineral density,osteopenia,and osteoporosis.The distributions of HAP(water)density values in the four regions within each vertebral body were compared and analyzed among the groups.Results In all three groups of patients,the highest HAP(water)density values in the L1-L3 vertebral bodies were all located in the posteroinferior region,followed by the posterosuperior region.In the normal bone mineral density group,the lowest HAP(water)density values was found in the anterosuperior region of the L1 vertebral body.In the osteopenia and osteoporosis groups,the lowest HAP(water)density values was found in the anteroinferior region of the L1-L3 vertebral bodies.Conclusion Significant differences in HAP(water)density are present across different regions within lumbar vertebral bodies,which may be related to the development of vertebral osteoporosis and the location of fractures.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between screen time and content, and the mental health status of adolescents. The findings will inform the formulation of targeted intervention policies to enhance adolescent mental health.Methods:Between September and November 2023, 5 197 students from 64 junior high, senior high, and vocational schools across 13 districts in Wuhan were recruited, using the stratified whole-cluster random sampling to investigate their screen behavior and mental health status. Mental health status was measured using the Mental Health Inventory for Chinese Middle School Students (MMHI-60). A generalized additive model was used to explore the nonlinear association between screen time and mental health status. Additionally, a mixed-effects model was utilized to explore the dose-response associations between average daily total screen time, screen time for different content types, and adolescents' mental health status and the impact of the proportion of different screen contents on mental health outcomes.Results:The age of the participants was (14.40±1.48) years, with 56.07% being boys. The MMHI-60 score averaged 1.73±0.70. The M( Q1,Q3) for daily total screen time was 50.00 (0.00,128.57) minutes. The M( Q1,Q3) for screen time dedicated to gaming, studying, socializing, and watching videos were 0.00 (0.00, 20.00), 8.57 (1.64, 44.50), 4.28 (0.00, 30.00), and 0.00 (0.00, 25.71) minutes, respectively. A non-linear association was observed between average daily screen time and adolescent mental health problem score, 0-1 hour of daily screen time was beneficial for adolescent mental, compared to no screen time. However, screen time exceeding 1 hour was detrimental, with the negative impact increasing alongside screen time duration. When total daily screen time was held constant, the proportion of time spent on gaming ( β=0.14, 95% CI: 0.05-0.23, P=0.003) and video ( β=0.21, 95% CI: 0.09-0.28, P<0.001) was positively correlated with mental health problems, whereas the proportion of time spent on studying was negatively correlated with mental health problems ( β=-0.17, 95% CI: -0.24 - -0.11, P<0.001). Conclusions:Moderate screen time is advantageous for adolescent mental health. However, it is crucial to minimize the proportion of screen time dedicated to video and gaming activities to mitigate potential adverse effects.

Objective : To establish an interleukin-1β (Il-1β) induced inflammatory model of rat articular chondro- cytes (ACs) , and to investigate the relationship between the expression of lysine acetyltransferase 7 (KAT7) under inflammatory stimulation and the senescence of ACs. Methods: Primary ACs were obtained by digestion of rat knee cartilage with collagenase type Ⅱ and identified. The inflammatory model of ACs was induced by IL-1β . KAT7 was over-expressed or knocked down in ACs by adeno-associated virus infection or small interfering RNA transfection , respectively. A negative control group was set up. Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration ability. Senes- cent cells were stained with senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) . Western blot ( WB) was used to detect the protein expression levels of KAT7 , collagen type II (Col Ⅱ ) , matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) , tumor protein p53 (p53) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (p21) . The cells of negative control group and KAT7 over-expression group were performed for RNA sequencing , and WB was used to verify the related signaling pathways obtained by Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. Results: Compared with the control group , the SA-β-Gal staining was enhanced , the protein expression of Col Ⅱ decreased , the pro- tein expression of MMP13 and p53 increased , the cell migration ability decreased , and the expression of KAT7 also increased in the ACs of rats after IL-1β stimulation. Compared with the negative control group , the SA-β-Gal stai- ning was enhanced , the protein expression of Col Ⅱ decreased , the protein expression of MMP13 , p53 and p21 in- creased , and the cell migration ability decreased in the KAT7 over-expression group. Compared with the negative control group , the SA-β-Gal staining was weakened , the protein expression of Col Ⅱ increased , the protein expres- sion of MMP13 , p53 and p21 decreased , and the cell migration ability was enhanced in the KAT7 knockdown inflammatory model of ACs. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway was activated. Compared with the negative control group , the relative protein ex⁃pression levels of phosphorylated protein kinase B (p⁃AKT)/AKT and phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamy⁃cin (p⁃mTOR)/mTOR in KAT7 over⁃expression group increased. The relative protein expression levels of p ⁃AKT/AKT and p ⁃mTOR/mTOR in KAT7 knockdown cells decreased. Conclusion Rat ACs with high expression of KAT7 exhibit senescence and osteoarthritis phenotype , and the mechanism may be related to the activation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway by KAT7.

Objective To explore the role of miR-429 in synovial mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes(SMSC-Exos)in repairing cartilage damage in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis(TMJ OA)by extracting SMSC-Exos from human synovial tissue and screening differentially expressed microRNA(miRNA)through transcriptome sequencing.Methods Human synovial tissues were obtained from 6 patients who underwent surgery at the First Medical Center of the Chinese PLA General Hospital from June to December 2023,including 3 patients with osteoarthritis(OA group)and 3 control patients(control group),all of whom were male.SMSC-Exos were extracted from the synovial tissues for miRNA sequencing and differential expression analysis.Further,Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)enrichment analyses were performed on the target genes of differentially expressed miRNA to identify key functional miRNA and construct miRNA-target gene regulatory networks and protein-protein interaction(PPI)networks of target genes.An in vitro model of rabbit condylar cartilage cell inflammatory microenvironment induced by interleukin-1β(IL-1β)was established,with the control group cultured in DMEM/F12 basic medium and the inflammation-induced group cultured in DMEM/F12 basic medium containing 10 ng/ml IL-1β.RT-qPCR was used to detect the effects of overexpressed target miRNA on the mRNA expression levels of cartilage phenotype factors such as type Ⅱ collagen α1 chain(Col2a1),aggrecan(Acan),as well as inflammatory factors including a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 5(Adamts5)and cyclooxygenase-2(Cox-2).Results(1)SMSC-Exos were successfully isolated,cultured,and identified.(2)miRNA sequencing of SMSC-Exos from OA and control groups revealed 16 differentially expressed miRNAs(|log2FC|>2,P<0.05).Compared with control group,7 miRNAs were up-regulated and 9 were down-regulated in OA group.GO and KEGG analysis indicated that the target genes of miR-429 were mainly involved in development process,anatomical structure development,system development,cell development and differentiation,and were enriched in inflammation-related pathways such as mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B(PI3K-Akt).(3)Functional validation of miR-429 in the rabbit condylar cartilage cell inflammatory model showed that overexpression of miR-429 increased the mRNA expression levels of Col2a1 and Acan(P<0.05)and decreased the mRNA expression levels of Adamts5 and Cox-2(P<0.05)in the inflammation-induced group.Conclusions miRNA sequencing of SMSC-Exos isolated and identified from human synovial tissues reveals a specific miRNA expression profile in OA patients,with miR-429 significantly down-regulated.Functional validation demonstrates that overexpression of miR-429 has reparative and anti-inflammatory effects on condylar cartilage cells in an inflammatory microenvironment.

BACKGROUND: Bile acids (BAs) facilitate the progression of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) dysregulation was observed along with the initiation of gastric cancer. However, how lncRNAs function in GIM remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of lncRNA PVT1 in GIM, and provide a potential therapeutic target for GIM treatment. METHODS: We employed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to screen dysregulated lncRNAs in gastric epithelial cells after BA treatment. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to reveal the regulatory mechanism. PVT1 expression was detected in 21 paired biopsies obtained under endoscopy. Overexpressed and knockdown cell models were established to explore gene functions in GIM. Molecular interactions were validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), and chromatin immunoprecipitation (Ch-IP). The levels of relative molecular expression were detected in GIM tissues. RESULTS: We confirmed that lncRNA PVT1 was upregulated in BA-induced GIM model. PVT1 promoted the expression of intestinal markers such as CDX2 , KLF4 , and HNF4α . Bioinformatics analysis revealed that miR-34b-5p was a putative target of PVT1 . miR-34b-5p mimics increased CDX2 , KLF4 , and HNF4α levels. Restoration of miR-34b-5p decreased the pro-metaplastic effect of PVT1 . The interactions between PVT1 , miR-34b-5p, and the downstream target HNF4α were validated. Moreover, HNF4α could transcriptionally activated PVT1 , sustaining the GIM phenotype. Finally, the activation of the PVT1 /miR-34b-5p/ HNF4α loop was detected in GIM tissues. CONCLUSIONS BAs facilitate GIM partially via a PVT1/miR-34b-5p/HNF4α positive feedback loop. PVT1 may become a novel target for blocking the continuous development of GIM and preventing the initiation of gastric cancer in patients with bile reflux.
Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4/genetics* ; Bile Acids and Salts ; Kruppel-Like Factor 4 ; Metaplasia/metabolism*

This study explored the potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms of Danggui Shaoyao San(DSS) in the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease(AD) through transcriptomics and metabolomics, combined with animal experiments. Fifty male C57BL/6J mice, aged seven weeks, were randomly divided into the following five groups: control, model, positive drug, low-dose DSS, and high-dose DSS groups. After the intervention, the Morris water maze was used to assess learning and memory abilities of mice, and Nissl staining and hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining were performed to observe pathological changes in the hippocampal tissue. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were employed to sequence brain tissue and identify differential metabolites, analyzing key genes and metabolites related to disease progression. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR) was employed to validate the expression of key genes. The Morris water maze results indicated that DSS significantly improved learning and cognitive function in scopolamine(SCOP)-induced model mice, with the high-dose DSS group showing the best results. Pathological staining showed that DSS effectively reduced hippocampal neuronal damage, increased Nissl body numbers, and reduced nuclear pyknosis and neuronal loss. Transcriptomics identified seven key genes, including neurexin 1(Nrxn1) and sodium voltage-gated channel α subunit 1(Scn1a), and metabolomics revealed 113 differential metabolites, all of which were closely associated with synaptic function, oxidative stress, and metabolic regulation. RT-qPCR experiments confirmed that the expression of these seven key genes was consistent with the transcriptomics results. This study suggests that DSS significantly improves learning and memory in SCOP model mice and alleviates hippocampal neuronal pathological damage. The mechanisms likely involve the modulation of synaptic function, reduction of oxidative stress, and metabolic balance, with these seven key genes serving as important targets for DSS in the treatment of AD.
Animals ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics* ; Male ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage* ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Metabolomics ; Transcriptome/drug effects* ; Maze Learning/drug effects* ; Hippocampus/metabolism* ; Humans ; Disease Models, Animal ; Memory/drug effects*