To summarize Professor GAO Shuzhong's clinical experience in treating idiopathic tinnitus with a combination of acupuncture and Chinese meteria medica. It is believed that idiopathic tinnitus is mostly caused by weak lungs and spleen， kidney essence deficiency， liver constraint transforming into fire， and binding constraint of heart qi. Treatment advocates the combination of acupuncture and Chinese meteria medica in clinical practice. Acupuncture treatment mainly focus on the method of opening the orifices by syndrome identification in combination with Ermen （TE 21）， Tinggong （SI 19）， Tinghui （GB 2）， Shenmai （BL 62） to regulate qi and blood， and supporting with Baihui （GV 20）， Yintang （EX-HN 3）， Taichong （LR 3）， and Yanglingquan （GB 34） to soothe the liver， resolve constraint， and calm the mind. Oral administration of Chinese medicinal prescription usually includes modified Yiqi Congming Decoction （益气聪明汤） and Tongqi Powder （通气散）， and the external administration of Chinese medicinal prescription can apply self-prescribed Wenqing Powder （温清散） to navel moxibustion.

BackgroundNon-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） behaviors are prevalent among adolescents， significantly affecting their physical and mental well-being. Understanding the risk factors associated with adolescent NSSI is crucial for prevention. Previous studies have identified mobile phone dependence as a risk factor for NSSI in adolescents. However， as a key form of mobile phone dependence， the evidence regarding the impact of mobile phone social media dependence on adolescent NSSI behavior remains insufficient. ObjectiveTo explore the impact of mobile phone social media dependence and its associated factors on adolescent NSSI behavior， so as to provide references for intervention strategies targeting NSSI in adolescents. MethodsA total of 100 adolescents diagnosed with NSSI according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders， fifth edition （DSM-5）， and receiving treatment at Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province from January 2022 to December 2023 were included in the study group. Concurrently， 100 age- and sex-matched students from Hangzhou were recruited as the control group. Assessments were conducted using Ottawa Self-injury Inventory（OSI） Function Subscale and Addiction Features Subscale， Adolescents Self-Harm Scale（ASHS）， and Mobile Phone Social Media Dependence Questionnaire. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the factors influencing NSSI behaviors. ResultsThe research group had a total of 99 patients （99.00%） who completed the study， while the control group consisted of 97 （97.00%） adolescents who finished this research.The study group had statistically significantly higher total scores on the Mobile Phone Social Media Dependence Questionnaire， as well as higher scores on the conflict and withdrawal dimensions， compared with control group（t=-3.061， -2.874， -2.368， P<0.05 or 0.01）. The study group also scored significantly higher on the OSI Function Subscale for internal emotion regulation， social influence， external emotion regulation， and sensation-seeking factors， as well as on the OSI Addiction Features Subscale scores， compared to the control group（t=-22.249， -8.854， -17.968， -10.591， -20.157， P<0.01）. OSI Function Subscale scores were positively correlated with Mobile Phone Social Media Dependence Questionnaire scores （r=0.321， P<0.01）， and OSI Addiction Features Subscale scores were positively correlated with Mobile Phone Social Media Dependence Questionnaire scores （r=0.282， P<0.01）. ASHS scores were positively correlated with Mobile Phone Social Media Dependence Questionnaire scores （r=0.145， P<0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that compulsivity （β=0.416， P<0.01） and conflict （β=0.256， P<0.05） were significant predictors for adolescent NSSI behaviors. ConclusionAdolescent NSSI behaviors are associated with mobile phone social media dependence. The compulsivity and conflict dimension of mobile phone social media dependence are influencing factors for adolescent NSSI behaviors. The higher level of the compulsivity and conflict are associated with an increased risk of the NSSI behaviors in adolescents. ［Funde by Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Plan Project in 2022 （number， 2022KY704］

Hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection is worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health.Existing conventional therapeutic drugs(e.g.,interferon-alpha,nucleoside analogs)can inhibit intrahepatic replication of HBV,but it is difficult to remove HBV covalently closed circular DNA(cccDNA)from the nucleus of hepatocytes,resulting in the virus not being easily cleared and the formation of a chronic infection that is difficult to cure.However,the emergence of targeted drugs is expected to destroy cccDNA making a cure for HBV infection possible.To achieve this,in vitro cell models of HBV infection and replication are needed to screen for targeted drugs.In recent years,in vitro cell models for HBV research have made fundamental progress,providing a platform for a better understanding of virus-host interactions,in vitro studies of the HBV life cycle,and the screening and evaluation of novel antiviral drugs.In this review,the research progress of HBV infection and replication cell models,and the characteristics and limitations of different cell models are reviewed,aiming to provide a basis for exploring the mechanism of complex chronic HBV infection,screening targeted drugs and selecting suitable HBV cell models in vitro.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of radiotherapy in patients with advanced esophageal cancer receiving first-line chemoimmunotherapy.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the data of 137 patients with Stage Ⅳ esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) treated at our hospital from January 2018 to May 2023. These patients were divided into two groups: a group treated with first-line chemoimmunotherapy combined with radiotherapy (chemoimmunotherapy + radiotherapy group, n = 43) and a group treated with only chemoimmunotherapy ( n = 94). Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied to balance baseline characteristics between the groups. With overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) as study endpoints, the survival data were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, the log-rank test, and the Cox regression method. Results:Before calibration, the chemoimmunotherapy + radiotherapy group significantly outperformed the sole chemoimmunotherapy group in median PFS (13.6 months vs. 7.0 months; HR: 0.501, 95% CI: 0.309-0.811, P = 0.005). After calibration using the COX proportional-hazards model for age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, smoking history, T/N/M stage, and tumor location, the chemoimmunotherapy + radiotherapy group still had significant advantages in PFS (14.7 months vs. 7.0 months; HR: 0.441, 95% CI: 0.261-0.745, P = 0.002). IPTW analysis further confirmed this trend (13.9 months vs. 7.0 months; HR: 0.492, 95% CI: 0.304-0.795, P < 0.001). Specifically, the median OS of the chemoimmunotherapy + radiotherapy group demonstrated significant improvement in all analyses: pre-calibration (29.5 months vs. 18.0 months; HR: 0.507, 95% CI: 0.297-0.867, P = 0.013), after calibration using the Cox model (27.5 months vs. 16.7 months; HR: 0.470, 95% CI: 0.266-0.830, P = 0.009), and after calibration using IPTW (29.5 months vs. 16.9 months; HR: 0.448, 95% CI: 0.262-0.764, P < 0.001). Conclusions:The combination of radiotherapy and first-line chemoimmunotherapy can significantly improve survival outcomes of patients with advanced ESCC, suggesting its potential as a standard treatment strategy.

Objective To explore the targets and molecular mechanisms of salidroside in improving cognitive function at high altitudes using network pharmacology,molecular docking,and experimental validation.Methods The SwissTargetPrediction platform was used to screen for salidroside-related targets,and the GeneCards database was used to search for targets associated with high-altitude cognitive function.The VENNY 2.1 platform was used to create a Venn diagram showing the intersection of salidroside and the targets of high-altitude cognitive function.The STRING11.5 database was used to construct a protein-protein interaction network diagram to screen for the key targets.The DAVID database was used to perform the Gene Ontology(GO)analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis,and a component-target-pathway network was constructed using the Cytoscape 3.7.2 software platform.Furthermore,molecular docking and experimental studies were conducted for preliminary validation.Male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to three groups,a low-altitude control group(Con group)receiving sterile water via intragastric gavage,a high-altitude hypoxia group(Hyp group)receiving sterile water via intragastric gavage,and a salidroside group administered with 10 mg/kg salidroside via intragastric gavage.The Hyp group and the salidroside group were pre-treated for 3 days(once daily)before rapid ascension to an altitude of 4010 m.Then,the 2 groups were exposed to a hypoxic environment for 1 day and received an additional treatment.Hippocampal tissues were collected from all three groups,and the relevant proteins were measured by Western blot.Results A total of 100 salidroside targets,2212 high-altitude cognition-related gene targets,and 52 common targets were identified.The improvement in high-altitude cognitive function by salidroside could be closely associated with core targets such as VEGFA,GAPDH,MMP-9,HRAS,FGF-2,HSP90AA1,and MAPK1,involving mainly the PI3K-Akt,MAPK,and VEGF signaling pathways.According to the molecular docking results,GAPDH,MMP-9,and VEGFA showed the best binding ability with salidroside.Experimental findings showed that salidroside improved high-altitude cognitive function by regulating the levels of Bcl-2/Bax,SRC-1,NF-κB,Beclin-1,and LC3B Ⅱ/Ⅰ.Conclusion Salidroside exerts its therapeutic effects in improving high-altitude cognitive function by regulating the expression levels of proteins associated with cell apoptosis,cell proliferation,and cell autophagy,inhibiting inflammation and stress response,and reducing apoptosis and excessive autophagy in hippocampal neurons.

Objective To explore the clinical,pathological,imaging characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of primary pericardial mesothelioma(PPM).Methods The clinical,pathological and imaging data of 11 PPM patients diagnosed in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from 2014 to 2024 were retrospectively collected,the Kaplan-Meier curve was calculated by Log-Rank test to determine the prognostic factors of the patients.Results The median age of the 11 patients was 48 years,including one well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma,and ten malignant mesothelioma.CA125 was elevated in all patients.PET/CT all indicated increased pericardial metabolism.Male patients and patients with ECOG score>2 points had worse prognosis(P=0.018,P=0.01,re?spectively).Compared with the untreated group(4 cases),both immunotherapy(3 cases)and chemotherapy(3 ca?ses)can prolong patient survival(P=0.025,P=0.025,respectively),and the benefit of immunotherapy was greater than chemotherapy(P=0.049 9).Conclusions This study is the largest single center pericardial mesothe?lioma cohort in China.CA125 and PET/CT contributes to the diagnosis of PPM,and immunotherapy might be the future direction of PPM treatment.

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 (PRMT5) acts as an oncogene in liver cancer, yet its roles and in-depth molecular mechanisms within the liver cancer immune microenvironment remain mostly undefined. Here, we demonstrated that disruption of tumor-intrinsic PRMT5 enhances CD8⁺ T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity both in vivo and in vitro. Further experiments verified that this effect is achieved through downregulation of the inhibitory immune checkpoint molecule, fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1). Mechanistically, PRMT5 catalyzed symmetric dimethylation of transcription factor 12 (TCF12) at arginine 554 (R554), prompting the binding of TCF12 to FGL1 promoter region, which transcriptionally activated FGL1 in tumor cells. Methylation deficiency at TCF12-R554 residue downregulated FGL1 expression, which promoted CD8⁺ T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Notably, combining the PRMT5 methyltransferase inhibitor GSK591 with PD-L1 blockade efficiently inhibited liver cancer growth and improved overall survival in mice. Collectively, our findings reveal the immunosuppressive role and mechanism of PRMT5 in liver cancer and highlight that targeting PRMT5 could boost checkpoint immunotherapy efficacy.

Objective To evaluate the methodological quality and literature report quality of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)on acupuncture treatment for diminished ovarian reserve published both domestically and internationally;To provide reference for future related clinical research.Methods RCTs on acupuncture treatment for diminished ovarian reserve were retrieved from Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang Data and VIP from the establishment of the databases to 16th,March 2024.Literature was screened according to the inclusion criteria,and basic research features were extracted from literature.Cochrane Collaborative Network randomized controlled trial bias risk assessment tool RoB2 was used for methodological quality evaluation,and CONSORT statement and STRICTA checklist were used for literature report quality evaluation.Results Totally 19 RCTs were included.The evaluation results of RoB2 showed that 18 RCTs(94.74%)had a certain risk of bias,and 1 RCT(5.26%)had a high risk of bias.In the evaluation of the CONSORT statement,there were a total of 24 items with a research report rate of less than 50%,accounting for 64.86%of all items,and 14 items with a report rate of less than 10%,accounting for 37.84%of all items;in the evaluation of the STRICTA list,there were a total of 3 items with a research report rate of less than 50%,accounting for 17.65%of all items,and 2 items with a report rate of less than 10%,accounting for 11.76%of all items.Conclusion Currently,the overall number of RCTs for acupuncture treatment of diminished ovarian reserve is relatively small,the methodological quality of the study is generally low,and the risk of bias is high.The literature reporting rate of the CONSORT statement items is low.Researchers should further strengthen clinical trial design and methodological training,improve the level of clinical research,and strictly follow the CONSORT statement and STRICTA checklist for standardized reporting.

Objective:To explore the effects of Baduanjin and brisk walking on the sleep quality among fe-male college students.Methods:Ninety female college students with poor sleep quality[Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)≥ 8]were recruited randomly assigned to Baduanjin,brisk walking,and control groups,with 30 par-ticipants in each.The Baduanjin and brisk walking groups participated in 10-week intervention(five 45-minute ses-sions per week),while the control group did not receive any intervention.Baseline and post-intervention assessments were conducted using the PSQI,a lung capacity test,echocardiography,and the Fatigue Scale(FS-14).Results:Af-ter 10 weeks,participants in both the Baduanjin and brisk walking groups got significantly lower PSQI and FS-14 total scores compared to baseline(Ps＜0.001).Cardiopulmonary function indicators,including stroke volume(SV),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1.0),the vital capacity-to-body mass index(VC/W),and maximum voluntary ventilation per minute(MVV),also significantly improved(Ps＜0.001).Furthermore,the Baduanjin group had significantly lower PSQI and FS-14 scores than both the brisk walking and control groups(P＜0.001),along with superior improvements in cardiopulmonary function(P＜0.001).Conclusion:This study in-dicates that Baduanjin is particularly effective in improving sleep quality,cardiopulmonary function,and reducing fatigue among female college students,showing advantages over brisk walking.

Objective To explore an individualized prediction scheme for sepsis patients with moderate to severe acute gastrointestinal injury based on clinical characteristics.Methods A retro-spective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 316 sepsis patients admitted to Henan Tradi-tional Chinese Medicine Hospital from August 2021 to August 2024,and they were designated as ob-servation group.According to the occurrence of moderate to severe acute gastrointestinal injury during hospitalization,patients in the observation group were divided into complication group(n=165)and non-complication group(n=151).Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen the in-fluencing factors for sepsis patients with moderate to severe acute gastrointestinal injury.An individu-alized nomogram prediction model was constructed,and its predictive efficacy was internally validated.Additionally,the clinical data of 158 sepsis patients admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to July 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and used as external validation group to externally validate the nomogram model.A random forest prediction model was constructed using the data from the ob-servation group,and its predictive efficacy was evaluated using the data from the external validation group.Results The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that mechanical ven-tilation(OR=2.472),multiple organ dysfunction syndrome(MODS)(OR=4.023),high Se-quential Organ Failure Assessment(SOFA)score at admission(OR=3.083),high Acute Physiol-ogy and Chronic Health Evaluation Ⅱ(APACHE Ⅱ)score(OR=2.835),high white blood cell(WBC)count(OR=1.610),high blood lactate level(OR=1.893),high C-reactive protein(CRP)level(OR=2.036),high D-lactate level(OR=2.620),high endotoxin level(OR=3.834),high diamine oxidase(DAO)level(OR=3.916),high intestinal fatty acid-binding pro-tein(I-FABP)level(OR=4.175),and high intra-abdominal pressure(OR=3.511)were all risk factors for sepsis with moderate to severe acute gastrointestinal injury(P＜0.05).High levels of glucagon-like peptide-2(GLP-2)(OR=0.825),high gastric motility index(MI)(OR=0.485),and high superior mesenteric artery end-diastolic velocity(VPd)(OR=0.559)at admis-sion were all protective factors(P＜0.05).Based on the above factors,a nomogram prediction model for sepsis with moderate to severe acute gastrointestinal injury was constructed.After internal and external validation,the concordance indices were 0.862 and 0.858,respectively,and the cali-bration curves closely fitted the ideal curves.The receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve showed thatthe sensitivity,specificity,and area under the curve(AUC)of the model's predictions were 88.48％,86.09％,0.889 and 87.50％,85.90％,0.884,respectively.The decision analy-sis curve showed that the model had a high net benefit when the threshold probability was in the ran-ges of 0.25-0.94 and 0.31-0.98.According to the ranking based on the average decrease in Gi-ni index in the random forest prediction model,MODS,SOFA score,I-FABP,DAO,and endotoxin were the top five indicators,which had a significant impact on the prediction of moderate to severe acute gastrointestinal injury.The ROC curve assessment showed that the sensitivity,specificity,and AUC of the random forest prediction model were 78.75％,83.33％,and 0.816,respectively.The sensitivity and AUC of the individualized nomogram model for predicting sepsis with moderate to se-vere acute gastrointestinal injury were higher than those of the random forest prediction model,and their specificities were basically equivalent.Conclusion Mechanical ventilation,MODS,and SOFA score,APACHE Ⅱ score,WBC count,blood lactate,CRP,GLP-2,D-lactate,endotoxin,DAO,I-FABP,intra-abdominal pressure,MI,and VPd at admission are all influencing factors for sepsis with moderate to severe acute gastrointestinal injury.The constructed individualized nomo-gram prediction model has important guiding value for guiding the early clinical screening of high-risk patients and the timely formulation of appropriate intervention plans.