Increasing evidence shows that the early lesions of Parkinson's disease (PD) originate from gut, and correction of microbiota dysbiosis is a promising therapy for PD. FLZ is a neuroprotective agent on PD, which has been validated capable of alleviating microbiota dysbiosis in PD mice. However, the detailed mechanisms still need elucidated. Through metabolomics and 16S rRNA analysis, we identified glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) was the most affected differential microbial metabolite by FLZ treatment, which was specially and negatively regulated by Clostridium innocuum, a differential microbiota with the strongest correlation to GUDCA production, through inhibiting bile salt hydrolase (BSH) enzyme. The protection of GUDCA on colon and brain were also clarified in PD models, showing that it could activate Nrf2 pathway, further validating that FLZ protected dopaminergic neurons through promoting GUDCA production. Our study uncovered that FLZ improved PD through microbiota-gut-brain axis, and also gave insights into modulation of microbial metabolites may serve as an important strategy for treating PD.

Although enteric glial cell (EGC) abnormal activation is reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and inhibition of EGC gliosis alleviated gut and dopaminergic neuronal dysfunction was verified in our previous study, the potential role of gut microbiota on EGC function in PD still need to be addressed. In the present study, fecal microbiota transplantation revealed that EGC function was regulated by gut microbiota. By employing 16S rRNA and metabolomic analysis, we identified that 3-indolepropionic acid (IPA) was the most affected differential microbial metabolite that regulated EGC gliosis. The protective effects of IPA on PD were validated in rotenone-stimulated EGCs and rotenone (30 mg/kg i.g. for 4 weeks)-induced PD mice, as indicated by decreased inflammation, improved intestinal and brain barrier as well as dopaminergic neuronal function. Mechanistic study showed that IPA targeted pregnane X receptor (PXR) in EGCs, and inhibition of IL-13Rα1 involved cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction pathway, leading to inactivation of downstream JAK1-STAT6 pathway. Our data not only provided evidence that EGC gliosis was critical in spreading intestinal damage to brain, but also highlighted the potential role of microbial metabolite IPA in alleviating PD pathological damages through gut-brain axis.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2025.02.029.].

This study systematically retrieved the clinical studies in the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF) with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) and employed evidence mapping to summarize the overall research status and deficiencies of TCM in treating IPF. CNKI, VIP, SinoMed, Wanfang, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and EMbase were searched for the relevant studies published from inception to February 20, 2024. The distribution characteristics of the evidence were analyzed and presented through charts combined with words. A total of 323 studies were included, including 295 randomized controlled trials(RCTs) and 28 Meta-analysis. The number of publications in this field rose with fluctuations, yet the proportion of core papers was low, and the research lacked the attention of foreign researchers. There were scant cross-regional collaboration between researchers and insufficient attention from relevant departments. The included RCT generally had low quality, with small sample sizes, short treatment courses, and insufficient attention to acute exacerbation and complications of IPF. In addition, few studies employed TCM alone, and the TCM syndromes remained to be standardized. A considerable number of outcome indicators were involved in the publications, while the majority of them failed to emphasize the disparity between primary and secondary outcome indicators. There were diverse reference standards for the comprehensive indicators among the outcome indicators, and insufficient attention was paid to long-term prognosis and health economic indicators. The included Meta-analysis concluded that TCM had potential clinical efficacy in treating IPF. However, the methodological credibility grading and the GRADE grading results of outcome indicators were low. The results suggested that TCM demonstrated certain advantages in the treatment of IPF, while the quality of the included studies was not high. In the future, clinical research protocols should be standardized and registered. Multicenter, large-sample, and follow-up clinical studies should be conducted. The research reports should refer to relevant reporting standards to improve the quality and generate high-level evidence, thus providing a reference for the clinical application of TCM in the treatment of IPF.
Humans ; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis/drug therapy* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Objective: To understand the situation of neglect of preschool children in the urban area of Xi an under the background of multi child policy, so as to provide a reference for making effective prevention. Methods: In Novmber 2022, according to the multi stage stratified cluster sampling principle, 2 450 parents of children aged 3-6 years were randomly selected from 7 urban areas of Xi an to participate in the questionnaire survey. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the "Neglect Evaluation Norms of 3-6 Years Old (Preschool) Children in Urban Areas of China". SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical description, Chi square test and variance analysis. Results: The total neglect rate of preschool children in the urban area of Xi an was 29.0% and the total neglect score was (37.58±8.44). There was no statistical difference in the neglect status of children in different grade groups ( χ 2/ F =1.61, 2.98, P >0.05). The neglect score of boys was higher than girls ( t =2.45, P <0.05). There was no statistical difference in the neglect rate and neglect score of boys and girls in other levels ( P >0.05); except for the significant difference in the neglect degree of medical treatment, education and safety ( t =2.01, 2.28, 2.02, P <0.05). The rate and score of neglect in multi-child families were higher than only-child families ( χ 2/ t = 13.68, -4.54, P <0.05). There were significant differences in the rate and degree of neglect of children with different birth order, which were "third and fourth-born>second-born>first-born" ( χ 2/ F = 10.84 , 2.79, P <0.05). The neglect rate and score of "single parent family" were significantly higher than that of "nuclear family" and "three-generation family" ( χ 2/ F =4.78, 2.79, P <0.05). Conclusion The neglect situation of preschool children in urban area of Xi an is still serious, especially in multi-child families. It should actively explore the risk factors and formulate effective intervention measures.

Background::Ciprofol (HSK3486; Haisco Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China), developed as a novel 2,6-disubstituted phenol derivative showed similar tolerability and efficacy characteristics as propofol when applicated as continuous intravenous infusion for 12 h maintenance sedation in a previous phase 1 trial. The phase 2 trial was designed to investigate the safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetic characteristics of ciprofol for sedation of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.Methods::In this multicenter, open label, randomized, propofol positive-controlled, phase 2 trial, 39 Chinese intensive care unit patients receiving mechanical ventilation were enrolled and randomly assigned to a ciprofol or propofol group in a 2:1 ratio. The ciprofol infusion was started with a loading infusion of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg for 0.5-5.0 min, followed by an initial maintenance infusion rate of 0.30 mg·kg -1·h -1, which could be adjusted to an infusion rate of 0.06 to 0.80 mg·kg -1·h -1, whereas for propofol the loading infusion dose was 0.5-1.0 mg/kg for 0.5-5.0 min, followed by an initial maintenance infusion rate of 1.50 mg·kg -1·h -1, which could be adjusted to 0.30-4.00 mg·kg -1·h -1 to achieve -2 to +1 Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale sedation within 6-24 h of drug administration. Results::Of the 39 enrolled patients, 36 completed the trial. The median (min, max) of the average time to sedation compliance values for ciprofol and propofol were 60.0 (52.6, 60.0) min and 60.0 (55.2, 60.0) min, with median difference of 0.00 (95% confidence interval: 0.00, 0.00). In total, 29 (74.4%) patients comprising 18 (69.2%) in the ciprofol and 11 (84.6%) in the propofol group experienced 86 treatment emergent adverse events (TEAEs), the majority being of severity grade 1 or 2. Drug- and sedation-related TEAEs were hypotension (7.7% vs. 23.1%, P = 0.310) and sinus bradycardia (3.8% vs. 7.7%, P = 1.000) in the ciprofol and propofol groups, respectively. The plasma concentration-time curves for ciprofol and propofol were similar. Conclusions::ciprofol is comparable to propofol with good tolerance and efficacy for sedation of Chinese intensive care unit patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in the present study setting.Trial registration::ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04147416.

【Objective】 To explore the effect of repeated use of situational dialogues in the process of blood donation of voluntary blood donors. 【Methods】 From September to November 2019, blood donors in the center were investigated in the form of questionnaire, and the influencing factors of blood donation experience were analyzed by regression analysis.The direction of blood donation service should be improved according to the influencing factors.Compared with the survey data before and after the improvement, the effectiveness of the new blood donation service measures, centering on the situation dialogue, on improving blood donation experience was evaluated. 【Results】 A total of 304 and 187 valid questionnaires were returned from the two surveys. Regression analysis of the data from the first study revealed that the main factors affecting the blood donation experience were emotion, value, body and service. The regression coefficient for emotional experience was 2.587 (OR=13.292). Based on this evidence, improvements were implemented to the blood donation service, and the core strategy was to increase emotional communication with blood donors through multiple situational dialogues to achieve psychological support for blood donors. The results of the comparison of the data before and after the measure were as follows: emotional experience 3.490±0.879 vs. 3.754±0.771, value experience 3.461±0.957 vs. 3.722±0.854, and service experience 3.355±0.908 vs. 3.663±0.909; all were improved (F=9.365~23.025, P<0.01 for all). The control analysis illustrated that the improved orientation of the blood donation service was effective in improving the donor experience (χ²=4.776, P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 Increasing verbal situational dialogues with blood donors is an effective way for blood centers to improve donors′ donation experience, which helps donors to develop a positive evaluation of blood donation and leads to an increased intention to return.

Objective: To analyze the influencing factors of healthy life expectancy (HLE). Methods: Seven Chinese and English databases were used for the retrieval of related literatures published by May 7, 2022 to identify influencing factors of HLE, including diseases and injuries and their risk factors. Based on the ecological model of health determinants, this study classifies the risk factors of diseases and injuries into five levels: personal characteristics, individual behavior and lifestyle, social network, living and working conditions, and macroscopic socio-economic, cultural and environmental conditions. Contents of research area, HLE indicators, research population, influencing factors, data sources and results were extracted. The frequencies of reported documents of different HLE indicators and influencing factors of different dimensions were visualized by using evidence map, and the empirical studies of four authoritative English medical journals and Chinese core medical journals were further compared and described. Results: A total of 90 studies were selected, in which 26 were conducted in China (28.9%). Fifty-three studies are about diseases and injuries in the first dimension, and all of them have studied non-communicable diseases, accounting for the highest proportion (58.9%). There were 77 studies about the analysis on the determinants of health at five levels by an ecological model, all the studies reported multi-level results. Among them, 53 studies reported personal characteristics (58.9%), 47 studies reported individual behavior and lifestyle (52.2%), 10 studies reported social networks (11.1%), 35 studies reported living and working environment (38.9%), 8 studies reported social economy, culture status and environment condition (8.9%). The literatures about HLE published by 4 authoritative English medical journals and 21 Chinese core medical journals in recent three years were selected. Non-communicable diseases and personal characteristics were the top two most commonly studied factors of HLE, and 11 (52.3%) and 12 (57.1%) studies reported these two kinds of factors respectively. The most important factor contributing to the global disability-adjusted life years of non-communicable diseases was individual behavior and lifestyle, which was the most changeable factor. Conclusions: In recent three years, studies involving influencing factors of HLE were mainly non-communicable diseases and personal characteristics. In the future, individual behavior, lifestyle and working environment should be strengthened.
Humans ; Noncommunicable Diseases ; Healthy Life Expectancy ; Life Style ; Asian People ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression of fibronectin type Ⅲ domain containing 1(FNDC1) protein in lung adenocarcinoma and its prognostic significance. METHODS: The expression of FNDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma was predicted by analysis of data from GEO database and GEPIA, and the results were verified by immunohistochemical staining in 92 pairs of clinical specimens of lung adenocarcinoma and adjacent tissues.We further analyzed the correlation of FNDC1 expression with the clinicopathological features of the patients, and evaluated its prognostic value using Cox survival analysis. RESULTS: Analysis of the data form GEO database and GEPIA showed a significantly higher expression level of FNDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma than in matched normal tissues (P < 0.05).Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that a high expression of FNDC1 protein was associated with a significantly shorter overall survival time of the patients (P < 0.05).Immunohistochemistry of the clinical specimens also showed a significantly higher protein expression of FNDC1 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues than in paired adjacent tissues (P < 0.001).A high expression of FNDC1 protein was significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage, T stage and N stage (P < 0.05).Cox univariate and multivariate regression survival analysis indicated that an increased expression of FNDC1 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION FNDC1 protein is highly expressed in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and in closely related with the occurrence, progression and prognosis of the tumor, suggesting the value of FNDC1 protein as a potential biomarker for assessment of the survival and prognosis of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung/metabolism* ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Lung Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics* ; Prognosis ; Proteins

Bone Neoplasms ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Osteoblastoma/surgery*