Background: Laryngeal papillomatosis is a chronic recurrent benign tumor of the airway caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11, developing in the epithelial lining of the laryngeal mucosa. According to R. Y. Seedat et al., clinical manifestations of the disease include hoarseness (25.9%), dyspnea (51.9%), and stridor (70.1%). Hyperplasia and keratinization of the mucosa lead to increased numbers of abnormal cells, which invade beyond the basement membrane and induce atypical changes in normal cells, resulting in uncontrolled proliferation. This causes benign tumor growth, and when mucosal integrity is disrupted, viral proteins may reactivate, leading to recurrence. Surgical treatment is required for each recurrence, and impaired vocal fold vibration negatively affects voice quality. In the early stages, the disease may be misdiagnosed as asthma or allergy, and in some cases, can present as acute respiratory distress, posing a life-threatening risk. Patients with juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP) require surgery an average of 4.4 times annually and 19.7 times during their lifetime. The goals of surgical treatment are to remove papillomatous lesions, reduce symptoms, secure the airway, preserve vocal function, extend the interval between recurrences, and improve quality of life. However, surgery alone cannot completely prevent recurrence. Currently, traditional cold instruments, microdebriders, and CO₂ lasers (10,600 nm) are widely used, but no standardized guideline exists. Aim: To compare the outcomes of traditional cold instrument surgery with microdebrider-assisted microsurgery in the treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based case–control study was conducted at the Department of Otolaryngology, National Center for Maternal and Child Health. A total of 76 patients diagnosed with laryngeal papillomatosis were included. Clinical records of 52 patients treated with cold instruments between 2018 and 2022 were reviewed as the control group, while 24 patients who underwent microdebrider-assisted microsurgery formed the case group. Disease severity was assessed using the Derkay staging system, and voice outcomes were evaluated with the GRBAS scale and Voice Handicap Index (VHI). Statistical analyses included group comparisons and correlation testing, with significance set at p<0.05. Results: Of the 76 patients, 52 were in the control group and 24 in the case group. The control group included 36 males (69.2%) and 16 females (30.8%) with a mean age of 42.2±15.7 years, while the case group included 15 males (62.5%) and 9 females (37.5%) with a mean age of 44.6±15.9 years. No significant differences in age or Derkay scores were found between groups (p>0.05). The case group had significantly shorter operative times (24.6±17.6 vs. 30.3±7.8 min, p=0.014) and hospital stays (2.8±2.6 vs. 3.3±0.9 days, p<0.001). However, the recurrence interval was longer in the control group (5.7±6.3 vs. 1.5±3.6 months, p=0.001), while the total number of surgeries per patient was higher in the case group (22.8±36.9 vs. 8.7±11.8). Voice outcomes improved more significantly in the case group, with lower GRBAS (5.3±2.3 vs. 8.4±2.9, p<0.01) and VHI scores (36.8±11.7 vs. 66.4±12.4, p<0.001). Positive correlations were observed between Derkay scores and total number of surgeries (ρ=0.35), as well as between GRBAS and VHI scores (ρ=0.37). Conclusion Microdebrider-assisted surgery for laryngeal papillomatosis significantly reduced operative time and hospital stay while improving postoperative voice outcomes compared with cold instrument surgery. However, the shorter recurrence interval and higher surgery frequency in some cases indicate the need for long-term monitoring and further evaluation of this method.

COVID-19 global pandemic is spreading rapidly between close contacts through respiratory droplets. The most effective measures to combat and reduce infection outbreaks include social distancing, movement restrictions, and health sector capacity building, as well as public health. Scientists emphasize the importance of containing the number of positive cases without exceeding current doctors and hospital resources. They concluded that quarantine, particularly complete lockdown is effective in controlling the risk.
Furthermore, the mistakes reported during lockdown enforcement are the only measures to be taken when the infection rate peaks. In the highest infection rate, the intensive care unit needs to increase by 10 percent in only 24 hours if there is no lockdown. In China, complete and partial quarantines in COVID-19 outbreak areas were effective in containing the infection transmission. Mongolia declared a state of emergency and enforced quarantine on November 10, 2020, since the first positive case was reported. Without the quarantine, the number of positive cases is estimated to be 3.2 times higher.