Objective To discuss the efficacy of direct resin filling restoration,improved atraumatic restorative treatment(ART),and Hall technique in treating deciduous molars in children.Methods A total of 120 children with 180 deciduous molars who came to the Department of Oral Surgery of our hospital from January 2023 to August 2023 were selected and randomly divided into three groups:direct resin filling restoration group(40 people,60 teeth),improved ataumatic restorative treatment group(40 people,62 teeth),and Hall technique group(40 people,58 teeth).The behavioral performance classification and degree of anxiety of the children during the treatment process and the treatment time were compared among the three groups.The clinical efficacy after 3 months,6 months,and 12 months of treatment was compared and the reasons for failure were analyzed.Results The treatment time of the Hall technique group was significantly shorter than that of the improved ART group and direct filling group,and the differences in treatment time of the three groups had statistical significance(P＜0.05).The Hall technique and improved ART technique were more easily accepted by the chil-dren,and the degree of anxiety and behavioral performance classification of the three groups had statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).At the 12-month follow-up,the success rate of the direct filling restoration group was significantly different from that of the im-proved ART technique group and the Hall technique group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).However,the suc-cess rate of the improved ART technique group was not significantly different from that of the Hall technique group(P＞0.05).Conclu-sion The success rate of the improved ART technique group and the Hall technique group is higher than that of the direct filling resto-ration group,and is more easily accepted by children.The pain level and degree of anxiety are lighter,and the treatment time of the Hall technique is shorter,which is more conducive to the repair of tooth decay.

Purpose To evaluate the application value of CE-Boost technology in head and neck CT angiography(CTA)with low tube voltage,low contrast agent dosage and low injection rate.Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted on patients who underwent head and neck CTA at Ji'nan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from September to December 2023.Using block randomization,patients were divided into group A(n=30)and group B(n=30).Group A underwent conventional scanning with 120 kV tube voltage,50 ml iodinated contrast agent and 5.0 ml/s injection rate;while group B underwent scanning with 100 kV tube voltage,30 ml iodinated contrast agent and 3.0 ml/s injection rate.CE-Boost images(group B2)were generated by performing flexible subtraction between the enhanced images of group B(group B1)and non-contrast images.CT values,noise,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of major vessels were measured and calculated.Subjective image quality was assessed using a 5-point scale.Vascular CT values,noise,signal-to-noise ratio,contrast-to-noise ratio,subjective scores and radiation dose were compared among the three groups.Results No significant differences in noise were observed among group A,B1 and B2(all P>0.05).The aortic arch CT values,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio in group B2 were significantly higher than those in group B1 and A(all P<0.05),while group B1 exhibited significantly lower values than group A(all P<0.05).For other vessels,group B2 demonstrated significantly higher CT values,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio than group B1(all P<0.05),but no significant differences were found compared with group A(all P>0.05).Subjective scores were significantly higher in group A[5(5,5)point]and group B2[5(5,5)point]than in group B1[4(3,4)point](Z=-4.790,-4.564,both P<0.001),with no significant difference between groups A and B2(Z=-1.076,P=0.163).Group B reduced iodine intake and injection rate by 40%compared with group A(iodine intake:11.1 g vs.18.5 g;injection rate:3.0 ml/s vs.5.0 ml/s)and achieved a 30%reduction in effective radiation dose[(1.02±0.95)mSv vs.(1.44±1.66)mSv,t=12.217,P<0.001].Conclusion For patients with body mass index<28 kg/m2,CE-Boost combined with 100 kV tube voltage,30 ml iodinated contrast agent and 3.0 ml/s injection rate in head and neck CTA significantly reduces radiation dose,iodine load and injection rate while maintaining image quality.

Objective:To explore the method for selecting characteristic prices of Chinese patent medicines based on informa-tion entropy theory.It involves analyzing the connotative differences among various price indicators and utilizing information entropy metrics to validate the scientific rigor of characteristic price selection so as to optimize the pricing model for Chinese patent medi-cines and improve the accuracy of price evaluation.Methods:A correlation analysis and information entropy calculation are con-ducted on the median price of the smallest preparation unit,average daily cost,and average course cost of TCM.It compares the information diversity and uncertainty of different pricing indicators.Results:The average daily cost exhibits the highest information diversity and uncertainty among all the pricing indicators examined.Conclusion:It is recommended that the average daily cost be used as the dependent variable for characteristic prices in TCM pricing research.This choice plays an important role in optimizing TCM pricing models and enhancing the accuracy of price evaluation.

Objective:To establish a scientific,systematic,and objective indicator system for the characteristic price variables of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicines(TCPM),providing a reference framework for the pricing mechanism of TCPM.Methods:The brainstorming method was initially used to screen related variable indicators.The Nominal Group Technique(NGT)and Delphi methods were applied to gather expert opinions,and SPSS 28.0 was employed for data statistical analysis.It led to the development of a TCPM characteristic price variable indicator system consisting of 6 dimensions,14 characteristic variables and 26 measurement indicators.Results:The authority coefficient of the experts exceeded 0.7,indicating the representativeness of the results.Expert opinions were generally concentrated.Based on the collected opinions and statistical analysis,the scope of selected TCPM characteristic price variables was preliminarily established.Conclusion:The TCPM characteristic price variable indicator system was initially developed.However,due to the complexity of the pricing mechanism and divergent expert opinions,further qualitative and quantitative research methods,along with a dynamic adjustment mechanism,are needed to verify and refine the system.

Purpose To evaluate the application value of CE-Boost technology in head and neck CT angiography(CTA)with low tube voltage,low contrast agent dosage and low injection rate.Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted on patients who underwent head and neck CTA at Ji'nan People's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University from September to December 2023.Using block randomization,patients were divided into group A(n=30)and group B(n=30).Group A underwent conventional scanning with 120 kV tube voltage,50 ml iodinated contrast agent and 5.0 ml/s injection rate;while group B underwent scanning with 100 kV tube voltage,30 ml iodinated contrast agent and 3.0 ml/s injection rate.CE-Boost images(group B2)were generated by performing flexible subtraction between the enhanced images of group B(group B1)and non-contrast images.CT values,noise,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio of major vessels were measured and calculated.Subjective image quality was assessed using a 5-point scale.Vascular CT values,noise,signal-to-noise ratio,contrast-to-noise ratio,subjective scores and radiation dose were compared among the three groups.Results No significant differences in noise were observed among group A,B1 and B2(all P>0.05).The aortic arch CT values,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio in group B2 were significantly higher than those in group B1 and A(all P<0.05),while group B1 exhibited significantly lower values than group A(all P<0.05).For other vessels,group B2 demonstrated significantly higher CT values,signal-to-noise ratio and contrast-to-noise ratio than group B1(all P<0.05),but no significant differences were found compared with group A(all P>0.05).Subjective scores were significantly higher in group A[5(5,5)point]and group B2[5(5,5)point]than in group B1[4(3,4)point](Z=-4.790,-4.564,both P<0.001),with no significant difference between groups A and B2(Z=-1.076,P=0.163).Group B reduced iodine intake and injection rate by 40%compared with group A(iodine intake:11.1 g vs.18.5 g;injection rate:3.0 ml/s vs.5.0 ml/s)and achieved a 30%reduction in effective radiation dose[(1.02±0.95)mSv vs.(1.44±1.66)mSv,t=12.217,P<0.001].Conclusion For patients with body mass index<28 kg/m2,CE-Boost combined with 100 kV tube voltage,30 ml iodinated contrast agent and 3.0 ml/s injection rate in head and neck CTA significantly reduces radiation dose,iodine load and injection rate while maintaining image quality.

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical efficacy of Professor Li Bingmao's Tongfu Xiere Quyu Shuli Prescription in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia(FD)of spleen and stomach damp-heat and qi stagnation and blood stasis type.METH-ODS A total of 206 patients with functional dyspepsia of spleen and stomach damp-heat and qi stagnation and blood stasis type diag-nosed by Hengshui People's Hospital were included in the study and randomly divided into a study group and a control group with 103 cases in each group.During the treatment,3 cases dropped out in each group.The control group adopted the conventional Western medicine treatment plan for functional dyspepsia(mosapride+rabeprazole),and the study group took Tongfu Xiere Quyu Shuli Pre-scription on the basis of the treatment of the control group.The treatment course of both groups was 4 weeks.The traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,psychological status[self-rating anxiety scale(SAS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),and quality of life[Nepean dyspepsia life quality index(NDLQI)of the two groups of patients before and after treatment were observed and the clinical efficacy was evaluated;serum motilin(MTL),ghrelin,gastrin(GAS),corticotropin-releasing hormone(CRH)and pep-sinogen(PG Ⅰ,PG Ⅱ)were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay;changes in gastric motility indexes were analyzed by electrogastrogram analyzer;changes in intestinal flora were detected by instillation method.The occurrence of adverse reactions in the two groups of patients was monitored during treatment.RESULTS After treatment,the TCM syndrome scores of the two groups were significantly reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01),and the score in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01).The total effective rate of the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.01).After treatment,the expression levels of MTL,Ghrelin,GAS,PG Ⅰ and PG Ⅱ in the two groups increased,and CRH decreased,and the improvement degree of the study group was better than that of the control group(P<0.01).After treatment,the main frequency and slow wave percentage of the electrogastrogram increased in the two groups,and the study group was better than that of the control group(P<0.01).After treat-ment,the number of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli in the two groups increased,and the number in the study group was greater than that in the control group,while the number of enterobacteria,enterococci and yeast decreased,and the number in the study group was less than that in the control group(P<0.01).There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Tongfu Xiere Quyu Shuli Prescription is effective in the treatment of FD patients with spleen and stomach damp-heat syndrome,and can improve FD clinical symptoms,quality of life,anxiety and depression symptoms,regulate gastrointesti-nal hormone expression levels,gastric motility and intestinal flora expression,and does not increase adverse reactions,and is safe and reliable.

Objective:To explore the application of BOPPPS(Bridge-in,Objective,Pre-assessment,Participatory Learning,Post-assessment,Summary)combined with Direct Observation of Procedural Skills(DOPS)in anesthesiology teaching under the background of medical-educational collaboration.Methods:A total of 60 students majoring in anesthesiology were selected as the research objects.A total of 30 students in grade 2018 were enrolled in the control group and receired traditional teaching mode.A total of 30 students in grade 2019 were enrolled in the research group and received BOPPPS teaching mode.The assessment of the internship after graduation for both groups adopted the DOPS assessment mode.Two groups of students were subject to pre-enrollment assessment,including process evaluations,such as theoretical class attendance,classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,and the final theoretical test score.A comprehensive evaluation of teachers'teaching effect was conducted.When the two groups were discharged from the department,in addition to the assessment of professional theoretical knowledge of anesthesia and the operation of conventional anesthesia skills,they also underwent nine DOPS assessments.Results:There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the attendance(P＞0.05).The classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,final test scores and total test scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).In terms of comprehensive evaluation of teaching effect,there was no statistical difference between the two groups in the evaluation of teachers'teaching attitude(P＞0.05).However,the research group reported higher satisfaction in teaching skills,methods,student-teacher interaction,and classroom engagement(P＜0.05).Both the theoretical and practical scores in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The DOPS assessment results showed that the research group was superior to the control group in terms of indication mastery,operation completion,teamwork and problem-solving ability,and comprehensive ability performance(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The application effect of BOPPPS combined with DOPS in anesthesiology teaching is better than the conventional teaching mode.

ObjectiveTo construct an intelligent model for literature screening， retrieval， and data extraction with a systematic review of coronary heart disease syndromes as an example， so as to improve the efficiency of evidence-based Chinese medicine research. MethodsBased on China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， VIP and Wanfang Data Resource System， the articles related to coronary heart disease syndrome research published from January 1， 2000 to December 31， 2023 were retrieved. Automated tools were used to batch retrieve paper metadata. Using text similarity algorithms， papers were merged， deduplicated， and subjected to preliminary screening based on titles and abstracts. Further screening was performed using object detection and image processing technologies on the full texts and statistical tables. Natural language processing （NLP） techniques and pre-trained models were applied to extract information. ResultsThe initial search retrieved 56 255 coronary heart disease syndrome-related articles. By artificial intelligence-assisted preliminary and secondary screening， the manual verification scope was narrowed to 1075 articles. Ultimately， 646 coronary heart disease syndrome related studies were included manually. With accuracy verification showing over 90% consistency in semantic recognition and element decomposition processes， we achieved data extraction and standardization processing for both basic literature information and 38 syndrome element statistics. ConclusionBy incorporating natural language processing， pre-trained models， artificial intelligence image processing and other technologies， this study enabled efficient retrieval， screening and standardized data extraction of Chinese medicine research literature.

Objective:To study the application effect of the Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point(HACCP)system in risk assessment and dynamic management of operational safety of medical equipment in surgery rooms.Methods:Based on the HACCP principle,hazard analysis and risk assessment were conducted on the operational safety of equipment in surgery room,and the critical control points were determined,and measures of monitor and management were formulated to conduct whole-process dynamic management for equipment in surgery room.A total of 120 medical equipment in use in the surgery room of Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were selected.According to random number table method,they were divided into conventional management mode group(60 equipment that received conventional management mode)and dynamic management mode group(60 equipment that received the mode of risk assessment and dynamic management based on HACCP system for operational safety of medical equipment in surgery rooms)to receive different managements.The effect,operational quality,the score of management standardization,and management level for equipment in managing and controlling risk of safety of equipment were compared between two management modes.Results:The average pressure-related injury,electrical injury,extravasation of body fluid,and incidence of unqualified cleaning and disinfection of equipment in the dynamic management mode group were respectively(3.01±1.01)%,(2.65±0.78)%,(1.65±0.64)%and(1.15±0.16)%,all of which were lower than those in the conventional management mode group,and the differences were statistically significant(t=16.311,13.434,12.018,12.629,P<0.05).The average utilization rate,cost-benefit amplification and social benefit amplification of the equipment in the dynamic management mode group were respectively(95.36±2.87)%,(7.98±1.32)%and(10.68±2.36)%,all of which were higher than those in the conventional management mode group,and the average operating rate in the dynamic management mode group was(9.87±1.54)%,which was lower than that in the conventional management mode group,and the differences of the above indicators were significant(t=7.657,15.567,10.354,12.466,P<0.05).The scores of the standard degrees of use and operation,disinfection and sterilization,operation and maintenance,and repairing fault of equipment in the dynamic management mode group were higher than those in the conventional management mode group,and the differences of the above data between two groups were statistically significant(t=16.289,11.415,13.396,9.420,P<0.05),respectively.The rate of standard placement,the rate of reasonable recording and integrity rate of equipment in the dynamic management mode group were higher than those in the conventional management mode group,and the failure rate was lower than that of the conventional management mode group,and the differences of the above indicators between the two groups were statistically significant(x2=6.708,7.070,8.491,13.333,P<0.05).Conclusion:The risk assessment and dynamic management based on HACCP system for operational safety of medical equipment in surgery room can improve the management effect for equipment in surgery room,and reduce the operational risk of equipment,and realize the whole-process management and control for medical equipment in surgery room.

Objective:To explore the application of BOPPPS(Bridge-in,Objective,Pre-assessment,Participatory Learning,Post-assessment,Summary)combined with Direct Observation of Procedural Skills(DOPS)in anesthesiology teaching under the background of medical-educational collaboration.Methods:A total of 60 students majoring in anesthesiology were selected as the research objects.A total of 30 students in grade 2018 were enrolled in the control group and receired traditional teaching mode.A total of 30 students in grade 2019 were enrolled in the research group and received BOPPPS teaching mode.The assessment of the internship after graduation for both groups adopted the DOPS assessment mode.Two groups of students were subject to pre-enrollment assessment,including process evaluations,such as theoretical class attendance,classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,and the final theoretical test score.A comprehensive evaluation of teachers'teaching effect was conducted.When the two groups were discharged from the department,in addition to the assessment of professional theoretical knowledge of anesthesia and the operation of conventional anesthesia skills,they also underwent nine DOPS assessments.Results:There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the attendance(P＞0.05).The classroom interaction,pre-test scores,post-test scores,final test scores and total test scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).In terms of comprehensive evaluation of teaching effect,there was no statistical difference between the two groups in the evaluation of teachers'teaching attitude(P＞0.05).However,the research group reported higher satisfaction in teaching skills,methods,student-teacher interaction,and classroom engagement(P＜0.05).Both the theoretical and practical scores in the research group were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.05).The DOPS assessment results showed that the research group was superior to the control group in terms of indication mastery,operation completion,teamwork and problem-solving ability,and comprehensive ability performance(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The application effect of BOPPPS combined with DOPS in anesthesiology teaching is better than the conventional teaching mode.