Background: Accreditation of healthcare institutions serves as a fundamental mechanism for ensuring patient safety and validating the quality of medical services provided to the population. At Intermed Hospital, a quality measurement system for healthcare services has been established since 2015, encompassing 126 quality indicators at both institutional and departmental levels. This system facilitates continuous quality improvement efforts. In this context, quality indicators specific to the endoscopy department play a pivotal role in objectively assessing the quality of endoscopic services. Aim: To assess the quality indicators in gastrointestinal endoscopy unit. Materials and Methods: A retrospective single-center study was conducted by collecting data from the Intermed hospital’s electronic information systems which included HIS and PACS and Quality and Safety Department’s Database and the results were processed using the SPSS software. Ethical approval was granted by the Intermed hospital’s Scientific research committee. The quality of endoscopic services in the Intermed hospital was assessed based on: a) the average values of four quality indicators measured monthly; b) sample survey data from five categories of quality indicators. Results : Between 2016 and 2024, the quality indicators of the endoscopy unit measured as the level of early warning score evaluations for patients was 95.97%±3.33, the level of cases where peripheral blood oxygen saturation decreased during sedation was 1.54%±3.78, the level of cases where patients experienced paradoxiical response during sedation was 5.82%±1.75, surveillance culturing level for validation of endoscopy reprocessing was 11.6%. The endoscopic documentation quality by peer review showed 95.7-100%, the colonoscopy quality indicators were followings as adenoma detection rate: 24.5% Cecal intubation rate: 99.1%, 95.2%, Colonoscope withdrawal average time: 13.28±10.62 minutes, Bowel preparation quality (Boston Scale): 89.3% 95.7%), patient discharge from the recovery room, Average discharge time post-procedure: With propofol alone: 30.92 minutes; With propofol and fentanyl combined: 31.52 minutes, The intermediate risk was 0.28% by the TROOPS evaluation during procedural sedation. Conclusion The quality benchmark levels for these endoscopic units, as determined by a single-center study, can be effectively implemented by benchmark endoscopy centers to enhance their quality and safety operations.

Introduction: In “Bencao gangmu” (李时珍本草纲目 Compendium of Materia Medica) written by Li Shizhen in 1590 mentioned that “Khublai’s Fundamental Principles of food and Drink” (忽必烈飲膳正要) instead of “Fundamental Principles of Food and Drink” by Khusekhui. “Compendium of Materia Medica” is an encyclopedic work on traditional Chinese materia medica before the 16th century. It was compiled and written by Li Shizhen (1518-1593), a medical expert of the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644). The compendium is the most complete and comprehensive medical book ever written in the history of Traditional Chinese medicine. It has been translated, totally and partially, in more than 20 foreign languages, including Japanese, Korean, Latin, French, German, English, Russian, etc. It has been reprinted over 100 times in the past 400 years and is still used by scientists, professionals, and practitionars of the fields as a monumental reference work. Why was famous herbalist Li Shizhen highlighted “Khublai’s Fundamental Principles of Food and Drink”?. Based on the “Bencao gangmu”, the title of the book was “Fundamental Principles of Food and Drink”, but its popular name was “Khublai’s Fundamental Principles of Food and Drink”. Methods: We used following study methods; manuscripts, primary source methods, hermeneutic method, analysis-synthesis method. Results: According to the general content of the foreword by Minister Yuji and Khusihui (Husihui), the “Fundamental Principles of the Food and Drink” is not a newly developed work. Khublai Khan provided the motivation and basis for compiling this book. Conclusion “Fundamental Principles of the Food and Drink” is based on the use of herbal medicine and food that was founded by Khublai Khan and evaluated and selected and the actual consumption of the food and drink of eight Mongolian Khans from Khublai (1260-1294) to Zayat Khan (1328-1332). Before Husehui’s book “Fundamental Principles of the Food and Drink” was published, some information related to Mongolian food and drink can be found in the “ Secret history of the Mongols”.

Background : Sources and archeological findings related to the history of Traditional Mongolian medicine are specially studied in connection with the facts and evidence in ancient medical works written in Mongolian, Tibetan, and Chinese languages and historical literature, and the development of traditional Mongolian medicine is divided into specific periods, and the origin and development of medical art and external therapy are clarified. Therefore, by summarizing the innovative concepts in the works of Mongolian doctors and maarambas, it is necessary to create the history of traditional Mongolian medicine as a whole and lay the foundation for solving its multifaceted problems. Method: We used the following study methods, manuscripts, primary source methods, hermeneutic method, and historical comparative method. Materials: Four-volume book “History of Mongolian Medicine”, “Huangdi Neijing” and “Fundamental Principles of Food and Drink”. Results: The works of Huangdi Neijing and Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion are rightly included in the two main texts of Chinese medicine that influenced the development of traditional Mongolian medicine. Mongolian academics have carefully studied the content and structure of “Huangdi Neijing”, “Compendium of Acupuncture and Moxibustion” and “Fundamental Principles of Food and Drink” from traditional Chinese medical texts and translated them from Chinese into Cyrillic Mongolian script. Conclusion It is very important for us Mongolians to discover important facts related to the history of traditional Mongolian medicine by studying, interpreting, and translating the works of traditional Chinese medicine and the sources of Chinese history. It is also beneficial for the medical industry of our country to promote the classic works of traditional Chinese medicine, actively introduce treatment methods in Mongolia, and further expand the joint activities of the two countries’ health sectors.

Background: In the frame of this research, we used the medical sutra written by Jambaldorj as the main material in order to clarify the specialty and number of mineral-oriented medicines in the “mdzes mtshar mig rgyan”. During the research, it was possible to clarify the structure, general content, and specialty of the sutra written by Jambaldorj, classify mineral-oriented medicines according to the cyrillic alphabet, and make allegory names for some of the raw materials of mineral origin. In addition, the study of mineral oriented medicines in the sutra showed that many issues were important, such as their identification, usages, and new production. As a result of the first study, we identified the characteristics and usages of some essential mineral-oriented medicines. Materials: Medical sutra written by Jambaldorj. “Beautifully wondrous eye ornament.” Method: We used manuscript, primary source methods, hermeneutic method, and checklist method. Conclusion A selection of 112 mineral-oriented medicines from the book “mdzes mtshar mig rgyan” was made. In this way, it is possible to interpret and explain the hidden meanings of mineral-oriented medicines in this sutra, and to determine the usages of pharmacology and drug formulations.

Background According to the report of World Congress of Cardiology in 2007, 1.5 billion people had hypertension and 45% of hypertensive people were unaware of their condition. In our country, some study had provided estimation of risk factors and prevalence of hypertension, but main characteristics presenting the early detection and control of hypertension have not been studied well and information does not exist.The quality of the control, registration and early detection of hypertension will be improved by studying this topic and complications and mortality due to the hypertension could be decreased.GoalThe aim of our study is to evaluate the current situation of the early detection, registration and control of hypertension, and to describe future strategyObjectives:1. To describe the hypertension awareness and risk factors associated with early detection of hypertension2. To evaluate the current situation of registration system of hypertension and to find out the strategies for renewing registration system3. To investigate the rates of the treatment and control of hypertension, and to survey factors associated with the control of hypertensionMaterials and MethodIt was population based, cross sectional, prospective study. Participants of the study were selected by randomized method.In the study, 1103 individuals, 133 physicians and 2 family hospitals located in Bayanzurkh, Songinokhairkhan districts, were surveyed. The study based on questionnaire and BP measurement which aimed to reveal:• Hypertension awareness (%)• Treatment (%)• Control (%)Software program name: Arterial hypertension registration and control Objectives of the program: to evaluate registration of arterial hypertension, to detect earlier, to determine control level of hypertension Users: family hospitals, family doctorsType of morbidity registration: population basedStatistical analysis was performed with SPSS-17 software program. Single- and multi-factorial analysis was explored by using simple and logistic regression and significance.ResultsIn the study, in total, 1103 people aged of ≥18 years living in Bayanzurkh and Songinokharkhan districts of Ulaanbaatar, have been involved. 37% of all participants were male and 63% were female and mean age of all participants was 40.6±16.1. According to our study, 305 individuals of 431 hypertensive participants (70.8%) were aware of their hypertension. This result was different in gender: 58.0% in male, 79.0% in female. Our research team created software program that can integrate all hypertension data to one database. We are planning to determine unawereness; aware and treated; treated and controlled; and uncontrolled levels by using this software and to introduce the program created by us to all primary level physicians in order to use routinely.Conclusions:1. Among hypertensive individuals, awareness of hypertension was 70.8%. Factors such as young age (<35), single people and not measuring BP for the last one year influence negatively on early detection of hypertension (p<0.05).2. Current method of hypertension registration is not proper at the time. Therefore, we concluded that renewing of the arterial hypertension registration database and conversion it into electronic type is convenient to control arterial hypertension and to provide integration.3. Treatment level of arterial hypertension was 39.9%, controlled arterial hypertension among all hypertensive population - 10.2% and among treated population – 25.2%.