Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide and in Mongolia. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are two major etiological factors contributing to the rising burden of HCC, each presenting distinct clinical and pathological characteristics. Aim: To compare the clinical, pathological, and survival characteristics of patients with ALD-related HCC and MASH-related HCC who underwent liver resection. Material and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using clinical and pathological data from 980 patients who underwent liver resection between 2010 and 2024. Among them, 191 were categorized into the ALD group and 789 into the MASH group. Clinical parameters, laboratory findings, tumor pathology (size, grade, fibrosis stage, vascular invasion), recurrence, and overall survival (OS) were analyzed. A simulated Kaplan–Meier survival curve was generated based on group-level survival estimates. Results: Patients with ALD were significantly younger and predominantly male compared with those in the MASH group (p=0.0014; p<0.0001). The MASH group demonstrated more aggressive pathological features, including larger tumors (>5 cm), poorer differentiation (G3–4), advanced T4 stage, and a higher rate of large-vessel invasion (all p<0.05). Despite these findings, the MASH group showed a longer mean overall survival (92.6 months) than the ALD group (82.0 months; p=0.0206). Conclusion Although MASH exhibits more aggressive pathological features compared with ALD, patients in the MASH group demonstrated better overall survival. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating etiological differences into the diagnostic, therapeutic, and postoperative management strategies for HCC.

Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated polyneuropathy characterized by inflammation of the nerve roots and peripheral nerves, presenting with a slowly progressive onset and symmetrical sensorimotor involvement. CIDP affects males more than females, with a ratio of 2:1. Its overall prevalence varies from 0.7 to 10.3 per 100,000 people, and the incidence increases with advancing age.
The required criteria for CIDP include:
1) chronically progressive, stepwise, or recurrent symmetric proximal and distal weakness and sensory dysfunction in two or more limbs, developing over two months or longer (cranial nerves may also be affected);
2) absent or reduced tendon reflexes in all extremities. Diagnostic challenges can lead to misdiagnosis or overdiagnosis, emphasizing the need for prompt identification and treatment to prevent mortality and prolonged morbidity. Differential diagnoses for CIDP include Guillain-Barré syndrome, multifocal motor neuropathy, and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies.
Treatment options for CIDP include corticosteroids (in this case: methylprednisolone, typically administered at 500 mg intravenously from the 9th day of treatment), intravenous immunoglobulin therapy, and plasmapheresis (plasma exchange). These treatments aim to halt the immune attack on the myelin of peripheral nerves, thereby reducing secondary axonal degeneration.
This case study pathophysiology, discusses CIDP’s clinical presentation, evaluation, diagnosis, and treatment. It underscores the vital role of the interprofessional team in providing comprehensive patient care, aiming to enrich healthcare professionals’ understanding. Staying updated on advancements and best practices enables professionals to optimize outcomes and enhance the quality of life for individuals grappling with this complex neurological disorder.