Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary thoracic synovial sarcoma (PTSS).Methods:Forty-two PTSS cases diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China from October 2011 to April 2024 were analyzed. All cases were retrospectively studied using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Their clinicopathological features were also reviewed. SS18 rearrangement was assessed in 28 cases using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on 8 cases.Results:Among the 42 cases, there were 23 biopsies and 19 surgically-removed specimens. One case was a specimen resected after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There were 22 males and 20 females, with an age ranging from 6 to 68 years. Twenty-nine cases occured in the lung, 6 in mediastinum, 4 in pericardium, 1 in visceral pleura, and 1 in right atrium. One case did not show any unequivocal primary site. Computed tomography showed the tumors were manifested as a cystic mass, a solid mass, or thickening of the pleura and pericardium. Thirty-two cases had respiratory symptoms, while 19 had pleural effusion. One case had a history of radiotherapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Nineteen patients were treated with surgery, while 19 were treated with chemotherapy without surgery. Four patients were diagnosed and discharged, without specific treatment on the record. Morphologically, 1 case was biphasic type, 39 cases were monophasic type, and 2 cases were poorly differentiated type. In addition to the typical morphology of synovial sarcoma, tumors also showed pulmonary bullous changes, stromal collagen hyalinization, hemangiopericytoma-like vasculature, stromal edematous myxoid changes, and microcystic structure. Immunohistochemically, all cases were diffusely positive for TRPS1 (22/22), TLE1 (21/22), CD99 (26/26), SS18-SSX (25/25) and INI1 (12/12), including 3 cases with decreased expression of INI1. Twenty-one cases were focally positive for EMA (21/30), 4 cases for SMA (4/23), 2 cases for S-100 (2/28), and 2 cases (2/35) for CKpan. Twenty-eight cases (28/28) had SS18 rearrangement displaying a split signal on FISH analysis. Eight cases were found to have mutations in SMC1A, NOTCH2, CDK12, SPRY4, BRCA1, STK11, NF2, and PDGFRα genes using NGS. Eighteen of the 29 patients survived and 16 showed disease progression.Conclusions:PTSS is more commonly found in the lungs than other sites and has non-classical morphological features of various types, which need to be differentiated from other tumors. TRPS1 is highly expressed in PTSS and has certain diagnostic values. The diagnosis of PTSS also requires combination of patient′s medical history with thorough imaging studies.

Objective To investigate the effect of the use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia on the perioperative circulation of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods 88 patients undergoing LC from March to June in 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups:the glycopyrrolate group(group G)and the control group(group C),with 44 patients in each.Three patients from group G and four from group C were excluded,leaving 41 patients in group G and 40 patients in group C.Ten minutes before anesthesia induction,group G received an intravenous dose of 4 μg/kg glycopyrrolate diluted to 5 mL with normal saline.The control group received an equal volume of normal saline.Both groups then received an intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 1 μg/kg over 10 minutes.Heart rate(HR)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)were monitored immediately before infusion of glycopyrrolate/saline(T0),5 min after infusion(T1),10 min after infusion(T2),1 min after tracheal intubation(T3),immediately at skin incision(T4),2 min after pneumoperitoneum(T5),dissociating the cholecyst(T6),and 1 min after tracheal tube drawing(T7).Intraoperative amounts of propofol,rocuronium bromide,sufentanil,remifentanil,oral secretion score,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus time and the occurrence of perioperative adverse reactions were observed.Results HR at T2,T3,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly higher in group G than in group C,while MAP at T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 time points was also significantly higher in group G(P<0.05).HR at T2 time points in Group G was significantly lower than that at T0,while T7 was significantly higher than that at T0 time points.In Group C,HR at T1,T2,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,while T7 time points was significantly higher than that at T0 time points,with the differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).In Group G,MAP at T1 and T2 time pointswas significantly higher than that at T0,and MAP at T6 was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and in Group C,MAP at T4,T5 and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05);Oral secretion was lower in group G compared to group C,with a significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of bradycardia was significantly lower in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).The incidence of oral dryness within 24 h postoperatively was higher in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).There were no significant differences of HR at T0,T1,and T7 time points,MAP at T0,T6,and T7 time points between the two groups(P>0.05);There were no significant differences of operation time,propofol usage,sufentanil usage,remifentanil usage,rocuronium bromide usage during operation,rate of atropine use,incidence of intraoperative hypotension,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus,and nausea vomiting rate between the two groups(P>0.05);No delirium occurred in either group of patients 24 h after the operation.Conclusion Use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia can be effectively applied to patients undergoing LC,is beneficial in reducing the incidence of bradycardia,maintaining the stability of intraoperative circulation,and has no significant effect on the incidence of postoperative delirium and nausea and vomiting.It is a worthy clinical application.

Objective To investigate the expression changes of iron autophagy-mitochondrial ferric ion transport protein families(SFXNs)in acute kidney injury(AKI)and chronic kidney disease(CKD)mouse models induced by cisplatin(Cis)and ischemia reperfusion(IR).Methods C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group(control),Cis-AKI group,Cis-CKD group,sham-operated group(sham),IR-AKI group,and IR-CKD group.Serum and kidney tissue samples were collected from mice.Serum creatinine(Cr)and blood urea nitrogen(BUN)levels were detected.Pathological changes in renal tissues were observed by HE staining.Western blot was used to detect the expression of renal SFXNs and kidney injury related proteins.Results Compared with the control or sham group,the levels of BUN and Cr in the serum of the model group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the renal tissue showed significant pathological damage,with the kidney injury molecule-1(KIM-1),neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(NGAL),and pro-apoptotic protein Bax significantly upregulated(P＜0.05),while the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly downregulated(P＜0.05).Compared to the control or sham group,the Cis-AKI group showed a significant downregulation of SFXN4(P＜0.05);The SFXN4 and SFXN5 subtypes were significantly downregulated in the IR-AKI group and Cis-CKD group(P＜0.05);All five subtypes of SFXN in the IR-CKD group were significantly downregulated(P＜0.05).Conclusions Cis or IR in-duces renal tissue damage and tubular mitochondrial injury in mice and affects the expression of SFXN family pro-teins,suggesting their potential role in renal injury of animal models.

The nursing experience of buttonhole cannulation for an autogenous arteriovenous fistula with an Eluvia drug-eluting stent in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis was summarized.Key nursing points included:developing a scientific and rational buttonhole cannulation plan for the autogenous arteriovenous fistula stent based on its characteristics post-stent implantation;conducting preoperative ultrasonic evaluations of the arteriovenous fistula and stent;establishing and maintaining a buttonhole tunnel at the stent site;regularly monitoring and following up on the cannulation site and the condition of the autogenous arteriovenous fistula;strengthening the observation and prevention of potential complications.Through rigorous and standardized assessments,procedures,and nursing care,the patient maintained good autogenous arteriovenous fistula function without stent-related complications such as fracture,stenosis,or infection over a 14-month follow-up period.

[Objective]To explore the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)through regulating long non-coding RNA metastasis-related lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(lncRNA MALAT1),and further verify the specific molecular mechanism.[Methods]The HPH model of rat was established by using a low-pressure hypoxia method,and intragastric administration of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction was performed at doses of 4.5 g/(kg·d)and 8.75 g/(kg·d).The model construction was evaluated by rat right ventricular systolic pressure and Fulton index,and then the pulmonary artery vascular remodeling was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry.The drug-containing serum of rats was prepared,and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells(PASMCs)of rat were extracted.The cell model was then established under hypoxic conditions.PASMCs activity and migration capacity were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and Transwell respectively.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1(SRSF1).Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of related proteins in cells and tissues.[Results]Compared with model group,the right ventricular systolic blood pressure and ventricular hypertrophy in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group were significantly relieved(P＜0.05),and the remodeling of pulmonary artery was alleviated.lncRNA MALAT1 was significantly overexpressed in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in model group,and the downstream SRSF1/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1(4E-BP1)signaling axis was significantly activated.Compared with model group,the expressions of lncRNA MALAT1 and SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction administrated group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In vitro,PASMCs treated with drug-containing serum of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction exhibited significantly reduced proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities,decreasing expression of lncRNA MALAT1(P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Furthermore,through the transfection with overexpression plasmids of lncRNA MALAT1 or SRSF1,the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 was increased(P＜0.05),the cell proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities were recovered,and the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signal axis-related proteins was increased(P＜0.05),indicating that the above inhibitory effects were significantly reversed.[Conclusion]Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction can alleviate HPH vascular remodeling by down-regulating lncRNA MALAT1 expression,and regulating SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis.

Objective To investigate the effect of the use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia on the perioperative circulation of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods 88 patients undergoing LC from March to June in 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups:the glycopyrrolate group(group G)and the control group(group C),with 44 patients in each.Three patients from group G and four from group C were excluded,leaving 41 patients in group G and 40 patients in group C.Ten minutes before anesthesia induction,group G received an intravenous dose of 4 μg/kg glycopyrrolate diluted to 5 mL with normal saline.The control group received an equal volume of normal saline.Both groups then received an intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 1 μg/kg over 10 minutes.Heart rate(HR)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)were monitored immediately before infusion of glycopyrrolate/saline(T0),5 min after infusion(T1),10 min after infusion(T2),1 min after tracheal intubation(T3),immediately at skin incision(T4),2 min after pneumoperitoneum(T5),dissociating the cholecyst(T6),and 1 min after tracheal tube drawing(T7).Intraoperative amounts of propofol,rocuronium bromide,sufentanil,remifentanil,oral secretion score,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus time and the occurrence of perioperative adverse reactions were observed.Results HR at T2,T3,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly higher in group G than in group C,while MAP at T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 time points was also significantly higher in group G(P<0.05).HR at T2 time points in Group G was significantly lower than that at T0,while T7 was significantly higher than that at T0 time points.In Group C,HR at T1,T2,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,while T7 time points was significantly higher than that at T0 time points,with the differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).In Group G,MAP at T1 and T2 time pointswas significantly higher than that at T0,and MAP at T6 was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and in Group C,MAP at T4,T5 and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05);Oral secretion was lower in group G compared to group C,with a significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of bradycardia was significantly lower in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).The incidence of oral dryness within 24 h postoperatively was higher in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).There were no significant differences of HR at T0,T1,and T7 time points,MAP at T0,T6,and T7 time points between the two groups(P>0.05);There were no significant differences of operation time,propofol usage,sufentanil usage,remifentanil usage,rocuronium bromide usage during operation,rate of atropine use,incidence of intraoperative hypotension,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus,and nausea vomiting rate between the two groups(P>0.05);No delirium occurred in either group of patients 24 h after the operation.Conclusion Use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia can be effectively applied to patients undergoing LC,is beneficial in reducing the incidence of bradycardia,maintaining the stability of intraoperative circulation,and has no significant effect on the incidence of postoperative delirium and nausea and vomiting.It is a worthy clinical application.

The nursing experience of buttonhole cannulation for an autogenous arteriovenous fistula with an Eluvia drug-eluting stent in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis was summarized.Key nursing points included:developing a scientific and rational buttonhole cannulation plan for the autogenous arteriovenous fistula stent based on its characteristics post-stent implantation;conducting preoperative ultrasonic evaluations of the arteriovenous fistula and stent;establishing and maintaining a buttonhole tunnel at the stent site;regularly monitoring and following up on the cannulation site and the condition of the autogenous arteriovenous fistula;strengthening the observation and prevention of potential complications.Through rigorous and standardized assessments,procedures,and nursing care,the patient maintained good autogenous arteriovenous fistula function without stent-related complications such as fracture,stenosis,or infection over a 14-month follow-up period.

[Objective]To explore the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)through regulating long non-coding RNA metastasis-related lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(lncRNA MALAT1),and further verify the specific molecular mechanism.[Methods]The HPH model of rat was established by using a low-pressure hypoxia method,and intragastric administration of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction was performed at doses of 4.5 g/(kg·d)and 8.75 g/(kg·d).The model construction was evaluated by rat right ventricular systolic pressure and Fulton index,and then the pulmonary artery vascular remodeling was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry.The drug-containing serum of rats was prepared,and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells(PASMCs)of rat were extracted.The cell model was then established under hypoxic conditions.PASMCs activity and migration capacity were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and Transwell respectively.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1(SRSF1).Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of related proteins in cells and tissues.[Results]Compared with model group,the right ventricular systolic blood pressure and ventricular hypertrophy in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group were significantly relieved(P＜0.05),and the remodeling of pulmonary artery was alleviated.lncRNA MALAT1 was significantly overexpressed in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in model group,and the downstream SRSF1/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1(4E-BP1)signaling axis was significantly activated.Compared with model group,the expressions of lncRNA MALAT1 and SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction administrated group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In vitro,PASMCs treated with drug-containing serum of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction exhibited significantly reduced proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities,decreasing expression of lncRNA MALAT1(P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Furthermore,through the transfection with overexpression plasmids of lncRNA MALAT1 or SRSF1,the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 was increased(P＜0.05),the cell proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities were recovered,and the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signal axis-related proteins was increased(P＜0.05),indicating that the above inhibitory effects were significantly reversed.[Conclusion]Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction can alleviate HPH vascular remodeling by down-regulating lncRNA MALAT1 expression,and regulating SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary thoracic synovial sarcoma (PTSS).Methods:Forty-two PTSS cases diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China from October 2011 to April 2024 were analyzed. All cases were retrospectively studied using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Their clinicopathological features were also reviewed. SS18 rearrangement was assessed in 28 cases using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on 8 cases.Results:Among the 42 cases, there were 23 biopsies and 19 surgically-removed specimens. One case was a specimen resected after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There were 22 males and 20 females, with an age ranging from 6 to 68 years. Twenty-nine cases occured in the lung, 6 in mediastinum, 4 in pericardium, 1 in visceral pleura, and 1 in right atrium. One case did not show any unequivocal primary site. Computed tomography showed the tumors were manifested as a cystic mass, a solid mass, or thickening of the pleura and pericardium. Thirty-two cases had respiratory symptoms, while 19 had pleural effusion. One case had a history of radiotherapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Nineteen patients were treated with surgery, while 19 were treated with chemotherapy without surgery. Four patients were diagnosed and discharged, without specific treatment on the record. Morphologically, 1 case was biphasic type, 39 cases were monophasic type, and 2 cases were poorly differentiated type. In addition to the typical morphology of synovial sarcoma, tumors also showed pulmonary bullous changes, stromal collagen hyalinization, hemangiopericytoma-like vasculature, stromal edematous myxoid changes, and microcystic structure. Immunohistochemically, all cases were diffusely positive for TRPS1 (22/22), TLE1 (21/22), CD99 (26/26), SS18-SSX (25/25) and INI1 (12/12), including 3 cases with decreased expression of INI1. Twenty-one cases were focally positive for EMA (21/30), 4 cases for SMA (4/23), 2 cases for S-100 (2/28), and 2 cases (2/35) for CKpan. Twenty-eight cases (28/28) had SS18 rearrangement displaying a split signal on FISH analysis. Eight cases were found to have mutations in SMC1A, NOTCH2, CDK12, SPRY4, BRCA1, STK11, NF2, and PDGFRα genes using NGS. Eighteen of the 29 patients survived and 16 showed disease progression.Conclusions:PTSS is more commonly found in the lungs than other sites and has non-classical morphological features of various types, which need to be differentiated from other tumors. TRPS1 is highly expressed in PTSS and has certain diagnostic values. The diagnosis of PTSS also requires combination of patient′s medical history with thorough imaging studies.

Objective:To investigate the significance and value of peripheral blood lymphocyte subset characteristics in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for distinguishing cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.Methods:This retrospective study gathered data from allo-HSCT patients treated at Beijing Ludaopei Hospital between May 2021 and January 2023. This study included 50 patients in the CMV infection group and 47 patients in the non-CMV infection group. Flow cytometry was used to detect peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets 1 month after the allo-HSCT. The absolute lymphocyte count and their subsets were analyzed to assess their predictive significance in the occurrence of CMV infection. Mamn-whiney U test and χ 2 test were used. Indicators with statistical significance in univariate analysis were further subjected to binary logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves construction. The generation of survival curves for different outcomes was conducted using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the Log-rank test was applied. A two-sided P-value of<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:1. Among patients in the CMV infection group, 22% (11/50) were diagnosed with CMV viremia combined with CMV disease. The maximum CMV viral load in peripheral whole blood in these patients was 1 600 (1 400, 5 800) copies/ml, which was significantly higher than that in patients without confirmed CMV disease 970 (670, 2 300) copies/ml, with a statistically significant difference ( Z=-2.281, P=0.029). 2. The overall survival (OS) at the follow-up endpoint was 80% (40/50) in the CMV infection group and 87.2% (41/47) in the non-CMV infection group. There was no statistically significant difference in OS between the two groups at the follow-up endpoint ( χ2=0.231, P=0.630). 3. In the binary logistic regression model, the number of CD34 cells transfused into the patient, the percentage of CD3+CD38+T cells in CD3+T cells, and the percentage of CD4+CD38+T cells in CD4+lymphocytes were identified as important independent risk factors for infection. The ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) for these independent risk factors of CMV infection was 0.914 (>0.7, P<0.001), with a decision value of 0.702, a sensitivity of 0.857, and a specificity of 0.844. Conclusion:Followingallo-HSCT, the immune subsets in the CMV infection group exhibited a diminished proportion of T cells and CD4+T cells in comparison to the non-CMV infection group. In terms of T cell differentiation, there was an increase in TEM cells and a decrease in Naive T cells. Additionally, the expression level of the activation marker CD38 on T cells exhibited a high degree of predictive value for the occurrence of CMV infection. Understanding the immune characteristics of post-transplant CMV-infected patients is beneficial for the analysis of their immune reconstitution status, providing valuable insights for clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of CMV infection after transplantation.