Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary thoracic synovial sarcoma (PTSS).Methods:Forty-two PTSS cases diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China from October 2011 to April 2024 were analyzed. All cases were retrospectively studied using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Their clinicopathological features were also reviewed. SS18 rearrangement was assessed in 28 cases using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on 8 cases.Results:Among the 42 cases, there were 23 biopsies and 19 surgically-removed specimens. One case was a specimen resected after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There were 22 males and 20 females, with an age ranging from 6 to 68 years. Twenty-nine cases occured in the lung, 6 in mediastinum, 4 in pericardium, 1 in visceral pleura, and 1 in right atrium. One case did not show any unequivocal primary site. Computed tomography showed the tumors were manifested as a cystic mass, a solid mass, or thickening of the pleura and pericardium. Thirty-two cases had respiratory symptoms, while 19 had pleural effusion. One case had a history of radiotherapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Nineteen patients were treated with surgery, while 19 were treated with chemotherapy without surgery. Four patients were diagnosed and discharged, without specific treatment on the record. Morphologically, 1 case was biphasic type, 39 cases were monophasic type, and 2 cases were poorly differentiated type. In addition to the typical morphology of synovial sarcoma, tumors also showed pulmonary bullous changes, stromal collagen hyalinization, hemangiopericytoma-like vasculature, stromal edematous myxoid changes, and microcystic structure. Immunohistochemically, all cases were diffusely positive for TRPS1 (22/22), TLE1 (21/22), CD99 (26/26), SS18-SSX (25/25) and INI1 (12/12), including 3 cases with decreased expression of INI1. Twenty-one cases were focally positive for EMA (21/30), 4 cases for SMA (4/23), 2 cases for S-100 (2/28), and 2 cases (2/35) for CKpan. Twenty-eight cases (28/28) had SS18 rearrangement displaying a split signal on FISH analysis. Eight cases were found to have mutations in SMC1A, NOTCH2, CDK12, SPRY4, BRCA1, STK11, NF2, and PDGFRα genes using NGS. Eighteen of the 29 patients survived and 16 showed disease progression.Conclusions:PTSS is more commonly found in the lungs than other sites and has non-classical morphological features of various types, which need to be differentiated from other tumors. TRPS1 is highly expressed in PTSS and has certain diagnostic values. The diagnosis of PTSS also requires combination of patient′s medical history with thorough imaging studies.

Objective To investigate the effect of the use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia on the perioperative circulation of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods 88 patients undergoing LC from March to June in 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups:the glycopyrrolate group(group G)and the control group(group C),with 44 patients in each.Three patients from group G and four from group C were excluded,leaving 41 patients in group G and 40 patients in group C.Ten minutes before anesthesia induction,group G received an intravenous dose of 4 μg/kg glycopyrrolate diluted to 5 mL with normal saline.The control group received an equal volume of normal saline.Both groups then received an intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 1 μg/kg over 10 minutes.Heart rate(HR)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)were monitored immediately before infusion of glycopyrrolate/saline(T0),5 min after infusion(T1),10 min after infusion(T2),1 min after tracheal intubation(T3),immediately at skin incision(T4),2 min after pneumoperitoneum(T5),dissociating the cholecyst(T6),and 1 min after tracheal tube drawing(T7).Intraoperative amounts of propofol,rocuronium bromide,sufentanil,remifentanil,oral secretion score,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus time and the occurrence of perioperative adverse reactions were observed.Results HR at T2,T3,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly higher in group G than in group C,while MAP at T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 time points was also significantly higher in group G(P<0.05).HR at T2 time points in Group G was significantly lower than that at T0,while T7 was significantly higher than that at T0 time points.In Group C,HR at T1,T2,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,while T7 time points was significantly higher than that at T0 time points,with the differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).In Group G,MAP at T1 and T2 time pointswas significantly higher than that at T0,and MAP at T6 was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and in Group C,MAP at T4,T5 and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05);Oral secretion was lower in group G compared to group C,with a significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of bradycardia was significantly lower in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).The incidence of oral dryness within 24 h postoperatively was higher in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).There were no significant differences of HR at T0,T1,and T7 time points,MAP at T0,T6,and T7 time points between the two groups(P>0.05);There were no significant differences of operation time,propofol usage,sufentanil usage,remifentanil usage,rocuronium bromide usage during operation,rate of atropine use,incidence of intraoperative hypotension,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus,and nausea vomiting rate between the two groups(P>0.05);No delirium occurred in either group of patients 24 h after the operation.Conclusion Use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia can be effectively applied to patients undergoing LC,is beneficial in reducing the incidence of bradycardia,maintaining the stability of intraoperative circulation,and has no significant effect on the incidence of postoperative delirium and nausea and vomiting.It is a worthy clinical application.

The nursing experience of buttonhole cannulation for an autogenous arteriovenous fistula with an Eluvia drug-eluting stent in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis was summarized.Key nursing points included:developing a scientific and rational buttonhole cannulation plan for the autogenous arteriovenous fistula stent based on its characteristics post-stent implantation;conducting preoperative ultrasonic evaluations of the arteriovenous fistula and stent;establishing and maintaining a buttonhole tunnel at the stent site;regularly monitoring and following up on the cannulation site and the condition of the autogenous arteriovenous fistula;strengthening the observation and prevention of potential complications.Through rigorous and standardized assessments,procedures,and nursing care,the patient maintained good autogenous arteriovenous fistula function without stent-related complications such as fracture,stenosis,or infection over a 14-month follow-up period.

[Objective]To explore the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)through regulating long non-coding RNA metastasis-related lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(lncRNA MALAT1),and further verify the specific molecular mechanism.[Methods]The HPH model of rat was established by using a low-pressure hypoxia method,and intragastric administration of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction was performed at doses of 4.5 g/(kg·d)and 8.75 g/(kg·d).The model construction was evaluated by rat right ventricular systolic pressure and Fulton index,and then the pulmonary artery vascular remodeling was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry.The drug-containing serum of rats was prepared,and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells(PASMCs)of rat were extracted.The cell model was then established under hypoxic conditions.PASMCs activity and migration capacity were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and Transwell respectively.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1(SRSF1).Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of related proteins in cells and tissues.[Results]Compared with model group,the right ventricular systolic blood pressure and ventricular hypertrophy in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group were significantly relieved(P＜0.05),and the remodeling of pulmonary artery was alleviated.lncRNA MALAT1 was significantly overexpressed in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in model group,and the downstream SRSF1/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1(4E-BP1)signaling axis was significantly activated.Compared with model group,the expressions of lncRNA MALAT1 and SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction administrated group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In vitro,PASMCs treated with drug-containing serum of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction exhibited significantly reduced proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities,decreasing expression of lncRNA MALAT1(P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Furthermore,through the transfection with overexpression plasmids of lncRNA MALAT1 or SRSF1,the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 was increased(P＜0.05),the cell proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities were recovered,and the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signal axis-related proteins was increased(P＜0.05),indicating that the above inhibitory effects were significantly reversed.[Conclusion]Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction can alleviate HPH vascular remodeling by down-regulating lncRNA MALAT1 expression,and regulating SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis.

Objective To investigate the effect of the use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia on the perioperative circulation of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC).Methods 88 patients undergoing LC from March to June in 2024 were enrolled and randomly divided into two groups:the glycopyrrolate group(group G)and the control group(group C),with 44 patients in each.Three patients from group G and four from group C were excluded,leaving 41 patients in group G and 40 patients in group C.Ten minutes before anesthesia induction,group G received an intravenous dose of 4 μg/kg glycopyrrolate diluted to 5 mL with normal saline.The control group received an equal volume of normal saline.Both groups then received an intravenous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 1 μg/kg over 10 minutes.Heart rate(HR)and mean arterial pressure(MAP)were monitored immediately before infusion of glycopyrrolate/saline(T0),5 min after infusion(T1),10 min after infusion(T2),1 min after tracheal intubation(T3),immediately at skin incision(T4),2 min after pneumoperitoneum(T5),dissociating the cholecyst(T6),and 1 min after tracheal tube drawing(T7).Intraoperative amounts of propofol,rocuronium bromide,sufentanil,remifentanil,oral secretion score,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus time and the occurrence of perioperative adverse reactions were observed.Results HR at T2,T3,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly higher in group G than in group C,while MAP at T1,T2,T3,T4,T5 time points was also significantly higher in group G(P<0.05).HR at T2 time points in Group G was significantly lower than that at T0,while T7 was significantly higher than that at T0 time points.In Group C,HR at T1,T2,T4,T5,and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,while T7 time points was significantly higher than that at T0 time points,with the differences being statistically significant(P<0.05).In Group G,MAP at T1 and T2 time pointswas significantly higher than that at T0,and MAP at T6 was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and in Group C,MAP at T4,T5 and T6 time points was significantly lower than that at T0 time points,and the differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05);Oral secretion was lower in group G compared to group C,with a significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of bradycardia was significantly lower in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).The incidence of oral dryness within 24 h postoperatively was higher in group G compared to group C(P<0.05).There were no significant differences of HR at T0,T1,and T7 time points,MAP at T0,T6,and T7 time points between the two groups(P>0.05);There were no significant differences of operation time,propofol usage,sufentanil usage,remifentanil usage,rocuronium bromide usage during operation,rate of atropine use,incidence of intraoperative hypotension,PACU stay time,first postoperative flatus,and nausea vomiting rate between the two groups(P>0.05);No delirium occurred in either group of patients 24 h after the operation.Conclusion Use of glycopyrrolate before anesthesia can be effectively applied to patients undergoing LC,is beneficial in reducing the incidence of bradycardia,maintaining the stability of intraoperative circulation,and has no significant effect on the incidence of postoperative delirium and nausea and vomiting.It is a worthy clinical application.

The nursing experience of buttonhole cannulation for an autogenous arteriovenous fistula with an Eluvia drug-eluting stent in a patient undergoing maintenance hemodialysis was summarized.Key nursing points included:developing a scientific and rational buttonhole cannulation plan for the autogenous arteriovenous fistula stent based on its characteristics post-stent implantation;conducting preoperative ultrasonic evaluations of the arteriovenous fistula and stent;establishing and maintaining a buttonhole tunnel at the stent site;regularly monitoring and following up on the cannulation site and the condition of the autogenous arteriovenous fistula;strengthening the observation and prevention of potential complications.Through rigorous and standardized assessments,procedures,and nursing care,the patient maintained good autogenous arteriovenous fistula function without stent-related complications such as fracture,stenosis,or infection over a 14-month follow-up period.

[Objective]To explore the effect of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction on pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)through regulating long non-coding RNA metastasis-related lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1(lncRNA MALAT1),and further verify the specific molecular mechanism.[Methods]The HPH model of rat was established by using a low-pressure hypoxia method,and intragastric administration of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction was performed at doses of 4.5 g/(kg·d)and 8.75 g/(kg·d).The model construction was evaluated by rat right ventricular systolic pressure and Fulton index,and then the pulmonary artery vascular remodeling was observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and immunohistochemistry.The drug-containing serum of rats was prepared,and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells(PASMCs)of rat were extracted.The cell model was then established under hypoxic conditions.PASMCs activity and migration capacity were detected by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)and Transwell respectively.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)was used to detect the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1(SRSF1).Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of related proteins in cells and tissues.[Results]Compared with model group,the right ventricular systolic blood pressure and ventricular hypertrophy in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction group were significantly relieved(P＜0.05),and the remodeling of pulmonary artery was alleviated.lncRNA MALAT1 was significantly overexpressed in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in model group,and the downstream SRSF1/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1(mTORC1)/eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1(4E-BP1)signaling axis was significantly activated.Compared with model group,the expressions of lncRNA MALAT1 and SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins in the pulmonary artery tissues of rats in Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction administrated group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).In vitro,PASMCs treated with drug-containing serum of Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction exhibited significantly reduced proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities,decreasing expression of lncRNA MALAT1(P＜0.05).Meanwhile,the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis-related proteins was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Furthermore,through the transfection with overexpression plasmids of lncRNA MALAT1 or SRSF1,the expression of lncRNA MALAT1 was increased(P＜0.05),the cell proliferation(P＜0.05)and migration abilities were recovered,and the expression of SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signal axis-related proteins was increased(P＜0.05),indicating that the above inhibitory effects were significantly reversed.[Conclusion]Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction can alleviate HPH vascular remodeling by down-regulating lncRNA MALAT1 expression,and regulating SRSF1/mTORC1/4E-BP1 signaling axis.

Objective:To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics of primary thoracic synovial sarcoma (PTSS).Methods:Forty-two PTSS cases diagnosed at the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China from October 2011 to April 2024 were analyzed. All cases were retrospectively studied using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemistry. Their clinicopathological features were also reviewed. SS18 rearrangement was assessed in 28 cases using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Next generation sequencing (NGS) was performed on 8 cases.Results:Among the 42 cases, there were 23 biopsies and 19 surgically-removed specimens. One case was a specimen resected after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. There were 22 males and 20 females, with an age ranging from 6 to 68 years. Twenty-nine cases occured in the lung, 6 in mediastinum, 4 in pericardium, 1 in visceral pleura, and 1 in right atrium. One case did not show any unequivocal primary site. Computed tomography showed the tumors were manifested as a cystic mass, a solid mass, or thickening of the pleura and pericardium. Thirty-two cases had respiratory symptoms, while 19 had pleural effusion. One case had a history of radiotherapy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Nineteen patients were treated with surgery, while 19 were treated with chemotherapy without surgery. Four patients were diagnosed and discharged, without specific treatment on the record. Morphologically, 1 case was biphasic type, 39 cases were monophasic type, and 2 cases were poorly differentiated type. In addition to the typical morphology of synovial sarcoma, tumors also showed pulmonary bullous changes, stromal collagen hyalinization, hemangiopericytoma-like vasculature, stromal edematous myxoid changes, and microcystic structure. Immunohistochemically, all cases were diffusely positive for TRPS1 (22/22), TLE1 (21/22), CD99 (26/26), SS18-SSX (25/25) and INI1 (12/12), including 3 cases with decreased expression of INI1. Twenty-one cases were focally positive for EMA (21/30), 4 cases for SMA (4/23), 2 cases for S-100 (2/28), and 2 cases (2/35) for CKpan. Twenty-eight cases (28/28) had SS18 rearrangement displaying a split signal on FISH analysis. Eight cases were found to have mutations in SMC1A, NOTCH2, CDK12, SPRY4, BRCA1, STK11, NF2, and PDGFRα genes using NGS. Eighteen of the 29 patients survived and 16 showed disease progression.Conclusions:PTSS is more commonly found in the lungs than other sites and has non-classical morphological features of various types, which need to be differentiated from other tumors. TRPS1 is highly expressed in PTSS and has certain diagnostic values. The diagnosis of PTSS also requires combination of patient′s medical history with thorough imaging studies.

Objective:To investigate the role of multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) in detecting non-neoplastic abnormal phenotypes, including monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), Fcγ receptor Ⅲb (FcγRⅢB), and CD36 deficiencies.Methods:A retrospective and observational study was conducted on a total of 24 864 patients who underwent one-step screening for leukemia/lymphoma at Hebei Yanda Ludaopei Hospital from January 3, 2020, to March 31, 2024. Clinical data and MFC results of the patients were collected. Patients were grouped by age, group of <45 years (11 495 cases), group of 45-<60 years (5 322 cases), group of ≥60 years (7 081 cases) and disease nature, benign group (8 336 cases), malignant group (15 562), and other diseases group (966 cases). The incidence of non-neoplastic abnormal phenotypes was analyzed across groups.Results:The incidence rates of MGUS, MBL, FcγRⅢB, and CD36 deficiencies were 0.072% (18/24 864), 0.511% (127/24 864), 0.221% (55/24 864), and 0.004% (1/24 864), respectively. MBL incidence was lower in the malignant group than in the benign group ( P<0.001), while MGUS incidence was higher in the malignant group than in the benign group ( P=0.034). The incidence rate of MBL among subtypes within the benign group varied significantly ( P<0.001 ), with the highest incidence in patients with pancytopenia at 2.72% (48/1 765). In the malignant group, the incidence of MBL differed significantly across various disease types ( P<0.001), among which MDS/MPN exhibited the highest incidence at 1.95% (3/154) and 1.30% (2/154). Conclusion:Utility of multiparameter flow cytometry method for one-step screening of leukemia and lymphoma shows variety in detecting non-neoplastic abnormal phenotypes, facilitating the identification of diseases.

Objective:To explore and screen the immunophenotypic characteristics of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC).Methods:A retrospective and descriptive study. A total of 130 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients who registrated in Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital were studied, among which there were 44 classical APL (cAPL), 24 microgranular variant of APL (APLv) and 62 non-APL patients (including NPM1 mut AML and AML with KMT2A rearrangement). MFC immunotyping was used to analyze and compare the median expression intensity (MEI) of side scatter (SSC), along with the ratio of the MEI on leukemic cells with those on lymphocytes (T/L MEIR), the median fluorescence intensity (MDFI) of CD34, myeloperoxidase (MPO), CD64 and CD9 on leukemic cells, as well as the ratios of these MDFIs on leukemic cells with those on lymphocytes (T/L MDFIR). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of the multiparameters model for distinguishing cAPL and non-APL, APLv and non-APL. Results:The MEI and T/L MEIR of SSC in the cAPL group were higher than those in the APLv and non-APL groups ( P<0.05), and these two parameters in APLv group were higher than those in the non-APL group, respectively ( P<0.05). The MDFIs of CD34 in cAPL and APLv groups were higher than those in the non-APL group ( P<0.05), and the T/L MDFIR of CD34 was higher in APLv group than non-APL group ( P<0.05). The MDFIs of MPO and CD9, as well as the T/L MDFIRs in cAPL and APLv groups were both higher than those in the non-APL group, respectively ( P<0.05). The MDFI and T/L MDFIR of CD64 in the cAPL group were higher than those in non-APL group, respectively ( P<0.05). ROC curve results showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of MEI of SSC, the MDFI of CD64 and CD9, as well as the T/L MEIR of SSC and T/L MDFIR of CD9 were 0.932, 0.816, 0.893, 0.960 and 0.894 for diagnosing cAPL, respectively, and the AUC of these parameters were 0.725, 0.737, 0.791, 0.729 and 0.736 for diagnosis APLv, respectively ( P<0.05). Conclusion:MFC method can analyze and screen the immunophenotypic characteristics of APL for differential diagnosis of cAPL, APLv and non-APL patients.