Objective To investigate the karyotypes and the correlation of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetuses with increased nu-chal translucency(NT),so as to provide a basis for prenatal genetic counseling.Methods The clinical data of 386 singleton pregnant women with NT≥2.5mm who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The fetuses were grouped according to NT thickness(2.5-3.4,3.5-3.9,4.0-4.9,5.0-5.9,and ≥6.0 mm),fetal ultrasound abnormalities(isolated increased NT,non-isolated increased NT),and maternal age(advanced age ≥35 years,non-advanced age＜35 years).The chi-square test was used to compare the differences of the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities among various groups.Results Among the 386 fetuses with increased NT,chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 87 cases with an overall detection rate of 22.5％(87/386),including chromosomal numerical abnormalities accounted for 82.8％(72/87)and copy number variations(CNVs)accounted for 17.2％(15/87).The detection rates of chromosomal abnormal-ities and numerical abnormalities increased with NT thickness(P＜0.05),while no statistically significant difference of CNV abnormali-ty rates was found(P=0.41).The detection rates of chromosomal abnormalities(36.5％)and CNV abnormalities(14.1％)in the non-isolated increased NT group were significantly higher than those in the isolated increased NT group(18.6％and 1.0％,respective-ly,both P＜0.05).The detection rates of chromosomal abnormalities(34.7％)and numerical abnormalities(31.6％)in the fetuses of advanced maternal age mothers with increased NT were significantly higher than those in the non-advanced age group(18.4％and 14.2％,respectively,both P＜0.05).However,the difference of CNV abnormality rates between the two groups was not statistically sig-nificant(P=0.62).Conclusion The detection rate of fetal chromosomal abnormalities elevated with increased NT thickness.Ad-vanced maternal age and the presence of other ultrasound abnormalities were the high-risk factors for fetal chromosomal abnormalities.The risks of CNV abnormalities may not be significantly correlated with NT thickness or maternal age but associated with the presence of other ultrasound abnormalities.

Getah virus(GETV)is an arbovirus capable of infecting humans and vertebrates such as horses and pigs via blood-sucking mosquitoes,which is extremely harmful to the livestock indus-try.Current monitoring methods are time-consuming,costly,and dependent on specialized instru-ments.These characteristics hinder rapid detection in clinical samples.Therefore,the development of a simple,rapid,specific,and sensitive method for detecting GETV antigen is crucial for the pre-vention and control of GETV.In this study,a GETV E1 monoclonal antibody strain SD17/09-E1-mAb was prepared by a prokaryotic expression system for GETV E1 protein expression,and a col-loidal gold double-antibody sandwich assay encapsulating two strains of GETV E1 monoclonal an-tibody wasestablished.The results showed that the prepared colloidal gold test strips had good sen-sitivity and did not cross-react with other common porcine virus-positive tissue samples;the test strips had a high compliance rate with the IFA assay for GETV,and could be stored at 37 ℃ for one month and at room temperature for at least three months.In this study,a colloidal gold anti-surveillance test strip for rapid detection of GETV was successfully prepared,which provides a powerful tool for GETV detection.

Getah virus(GETV)is an arbovirus capable of infecting humans and vertebrates such as horses and pigs via blood-sucking mosquitoes,which is extremely harmful to the livestock indus-try.Current monitoring methods are time-consuming,costly,and dependent on specialized instru-ments.These characteristics hinder rapid detection in clinical samples.Therefore,the development of a simple,rapid,specific,and sensitive method for detecting GETV antigen is crucial for the pre-vention and control of GETV.In this study,a GETV E1 monoclonal antibody strain SD17/09-E1-mAb was prepared by a prokaryotic expression system for GETV E1 protein expression,and a col-loidal gold double-antibody sandwich assay encapsulating two strains of GETV E1 monoclonal an-tibody wasestablished.The results showed that the prepared colloidal gold test strips had good sen-sitivity and did not cross-react with other common porcine virus-positive tissue samples;the test strips had a high compliance rate with the IFA assay for GETV,and could be stored at 37 ℃ for one month and at room temperature for at least three months.In this study,a colloidal gold anti-surveillance test strip for rapid detection of GETV was successfully prepared,which provides a powerful tool for GETV detection.

Petroleum hydrocarbon pollution has become one of the global environmental problems, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health. Microbial remediation plays an important role in the remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated environment. Nevertheless, the stress factors present in the environment polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons limit the effectiveness of microbial remediation. This paper reviews the common stress factors in petroleum hydrocarbon-polluted environment and the response mechanisms of microorganisms to these factors. Furthermore, we introduce the methods to improve microbial tolerance, such as irrational modification, rational modification based on systems biology tools or tolerance mechanisms, and the construction of microbial consortia. The application of these methods is expected to improve the viability and remediation efficiency of microorganisms in petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated environment and provide new perspectives and technical support for environmental remediation.
Biodegradation, Environmental ; Petroleum/metabolism* ; Hydrocarbons/isolation & purification* ; Bacteria/genetics* ; Environmental Pollutants/isolation & purification* ; Petroleum Pollution

Objective To investigate the karyotypes and the correlation of chromosomal abnormalities in the fetuses with increased nu-chal translucency(NT),so as to provide a basis for prenatal genetic counseling.Methods The clinical data of 386 singleton pregnant women with NT≥2.5mm who underwent invasive prenatal diagnosis at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2018 to April 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The fetuses were grouped according to NT thickness(2.5-3.4,3.5-3.9,4.0-4.9,5.0-5.9,and ≥6.0 mm),fetal ultrasound abnormalities(isolated increased NT,non-isolated increased NT),and maternal age(advanced age ≥35 years,non-advanced age＜35 years).The chi-square test was used to compare the differences of the incidence of fetal chromosomal abnormalities among various groups.Results Among the 386 fetuses with increased NT,chromosomal abnormalities were detected in 87 cases with an overall detection rate of 22.5％(87/386),including chromosomal numerical abnormalities accounted for 82.8％(72/87)and copy number variations(CNVs)accounted for 17.2％(15/87).The detection rates of chromosomal abnormal-ities and numerical abnormalities increased with NT thickness(P＜0.05),while no statistically significant difference of CNV abnormali-ty rates was found(P=0.41).The detection rates of chromosomal abnormalities(36.5％)and CNV abnormalities(14.1％)in the non-isolated increased NT group were significantly higher than those in the isolated increased NT group(18.6％and 1.0％,respective-ly,both P＜0.05).The detection rates of chromosomal abnormalities(34.7％)and numerical abnormalities(31.6％)in the fetuses of advanced maternal age mothers with increased NT were significantly higher than those in the non-advanced age group(18.4％and 14.2％,respectively,both P＜0.05).However,the difference of CNV abnormality rates between the two groups was not statistically sig-nificant(P=0.62).Conclusion The detection rate of fetal chromosomal abnormalities elevated with increased NT thickness.Ad-vanced maternal age and the presence of other ultrasound abnormalities were the high-risk factors for fetal chromosomal abnormalities.The risks of CNV abnormalities may not be significantly correlated with NT thickness or maternal age but associated with the presence of other ultrasound abnormalities.

BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative neurological disorder characterized primarily by cognitive impairment.Acupuncture is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine therapy for treating Alzheimer's disease,but its mechanism is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"on the Notch signaling pathway,β-amyloid protein(Aβ)and synaptic plasticity in 5xFAD mice. METHODS:Sixteen male,6-month-old 5xFAD mice,SPF-grade,were randomly divided into the electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"group(electroacupuncture group)and the model group,with eight mice in each group.Eight SPF-grade,male,6-month-old C57BL/6 mice were used as the wild control(wild)group.The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"intervention,5 times a week for 4 consecutive weeks.The model group and the wild group did not receive electroacupuncture intervention.The Morris water maze was used to preliminarily assess their learning and memory abilities.Thioflavin S staining was performed to detect Aβ plaque deposition.Western blot and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)were used to measure the expression levels of transmembrane receptor protein Notch-1,Notch 1 intracellular domain(NICD),hairy and enhancer of split 1(Hes 1),hairy and enhancer of split 5(Hes 5),synaptophysin(SYN),postsynaptic density protein-95(PSD-95),and Aβ. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group,the wild group and the electroacupuncture group showed shortened escape latency,increased platform crossing times,and longer target quadrant dwell time(P<0.05).Compared with the wild group,the model group had significantly increased deposition of Aβ plaques,while electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"inhibited the deposition of Aβ plaques in the hippocampus of 5xFAD mice(P<0.05).Compared with the wild group,the model group had decreased mRNA levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5 in the hippocampal tissue of mice,and increased mRNA levels of Aβ(P<0.05).Electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"increased the mRNA levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5 in the hippocampal tissue,and decreased the mRNA level of Aβ(P<0.05).Compared with the Wild group,the model group had decreased protein expression levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5 in the hippocampal tissue of mice,and increased protein expression levels of Aβ(P<0.05).Electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"upregulated the protein expression levels of SYN,PSD-95,Notch 1,NICD,Hes 1,and Hes 5,and inhibited the protein expression of Aβ(P<0.05).To conclude,electroacupuncture with"Zhi San Zhen"can improve the learning and memory abilities of 5xFAD mice,possibly by inhibiting the deposition of Aβ protein and activating the Notch signaling pathway in the hippocampus to enhance synaptic plasticity.

Objective To build a whole-course nursing quality evaluation system for liver transplanta-tion in children,so as to provide a basis for nursing quality evaluation and management.Methods With Donabedian's"structure-process-outcome"model as the theoretical framework,we employed literature analysis,Delphi method,and hierarchical analysis to determine the contents and weights of indexes in the whole-course nursing quality evaluation system for liver transplantation in children.Results The three rounds of survey based on questionnaires showed the questionnaire recovery rate of 100% ,the expert authority coefficients of 0.95,0.96,and 0.98,and the Kendall's coefficients of concordance of 0.165,0.209,and 0.220,respectively(all P<0.001).The established nursing quality evaluation system included 3 first-level indexes,15 second-level inde-xes,and 67 third-level indexes.Conclusion The whole-course nursing quality evaluation system for liver trans-plantation in children that was built in this study can provide a basis for the evaluation of the nursing quality.

Bluetongue virus(BTV)is classified as a category Ⅱ animal epidemic disease in China,infecting multiple species and posing significant threats to the ruminant breeding industry.There are 29 serotypes of BTV,with BTV16 being one of the major serotypes currently prevalent in Chi-na.Bluetongue virus infection mainly manifests as a latent infection,making the establishment of ELISA assays crucial for epidemiological detection.In this study;the expression of the BTV16 VP2 protein was achieved using a prokaryotic expression system,and polyclonal antibodies were pre-pared using BALB/c mice.An indirect ELISA assay using VP2 protein as the encapsulated antigen was established and optimized.Clinical samples from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were tested and analyzed for compliance with commercial kits.The results showed that the BTV16 VP2 protein was successfully expressed and purified,and the prepared polyclonal antibody exhibi-ted good immunogenicity.The ELISA assay had good specificity,with no cross-reactivity against ruminant diseases such as AKAV,FMDV and GETV.The critical values for negativity and positivity were determined to be 0.314,and the coefficients of variation(Cv)between batches and within batches were both less than 5％,indicating good reproducibility.The ELISA assay revealed a positive rate of 92.4％for 79 samples from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,with a compliance rate of 98.7％when compared to the commercialized kit.In conclusion,this study suc-cessfully established an indirect ELISA method for BTV16,facilitating the detection of bovine clin-ical samples.

Bluetongue virus(BTV)is classified as a category Ⅱ animal epidemic disease in China,infecting multiple species and posing significant threats to the ruminant breeding industry.There are 29 serotypes of BTV,with BTV16 being one of the major serotypes currently prevalent in Chi-na.Bluetongue virus infection mainly manifests as a latent infection,making the establishment of ELISA assays crucial for epidemiological detection.In this study;the expression of the BTV16 VP2 protein was achieved using a prokaryotic expression system,and polyclonal antibodies were pre-pared using BALB/c mice.An indirect ELISA assay using VP2 protein as the encapsulated antigen was established and optimized.Clinical samples from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were tested and analyzed for compliance with commercial kits.The results showed that the BTV16 VP2 protein was successfully expressed and purified,and the prepared polyclonal antibody exhibi-ted good immunogenicity.The ELISA assay had good specificity,with no cross-reactivity against ruminant diseases such as AKAV,FMDV and GETV.The critical values for negativity and positivity were determined to be 0.314,and the coefficients of variation(Cv)between batches and within batches were both less than 5％,indicating good reproducibility.The ELISA assay revealed a positive rate of 92.4％for 79 samples from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,with a compliance rate of 98.7％when compared to the commercialized kit.In conclusion,this study suc-cessfully established an indirect ELISA method for BTV16,facilitating the detection of bovine clin-ical samples.

Objective To explore heterogeneous subtypes of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation and the characteristics differences of different types of children after liver transplantation. Methods Seven hundred and forty-one children who underwent living-related liver transplantation were enrolled. The self-designed general information questionnaire, Chinese version of 5-Item World Health Organization Well-Being Index (WHO-5) and the parent-report version of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were filled out by their guardians. The scores of five dimensions of SDQ were used as the manifest variables of the model. The classification model of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation was constructed by latent profile analysis. The latent categories of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation were analyzed. The influencing factors of latent categories were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression model. Results There were three latent categories of psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation, including peer communication problem group (n=302), psychological and behavioral adaptation group (n=145) and psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulty group (n=294). The first two groups were merged into the psychological and behavioral health group (n=447), which had significant differences in the five dimensions and the total score of difficulties of SDQ compared with the psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulty group (n=294) (all P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that age≤5 years old, primary disease of non-cholestatic liver disease, stem family were the risk factors for psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulties in pediatric recipients after liver transplantation. Female gender, high education levels of parents and high WHO-5 score of guardians were the protective factors for psychological and behavioral adjustment difficulties in pediatric recipients after liver transplantation (all P<0.05). Conclusions The psychological and behavioral adaptation characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation are heterogeneous. Medical staff should pay extensive attention to different characteristics of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation with different psychological and behavioral adaptation categories and adopt targeted screening and intervention strategies, aiming to improve psychological and behavioral adaptation outcomes of pediatric recipients after liver transplantation.