Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide， ranking as the second leading cause of mortality globally and the primary cause of adult disability. Its pathological process involves complex cascade mechanisms， with high incidence and disability rates， posing a major threat to human health. According to statistics from the World Health Organization， more than 13 million new cases of stroke occur globally each year， resulting in direct medical costs and socioeconomic burdens amounting to hundreds of billions of dollars. In recent years， breakthroughs in the study of programmed cell death mechanisms have provided new insights into stroke treatment. Among them， ferroptosis， a novel form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation， has attracted widespread attention in the pathological process of stroke. Ferroptosis is closely associated with iron metabolism disorders， oxidative stress， and lipid peroxidation， and exhibits unique regulatory effects in key pathological processes of stroke， such as ischemia-reperfusion injury， disruption of the blood-brain barrier， and neuronal apoptosis. It plays an important role in post-stroke neurological damage. Chinese medicine， as an essential component of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， has demonstrated advantages in modulating ferroptosis and exerting neuroprotective effects. This review systematically summarizes current research on the neuroprotective mechanisms of Chinese medicine compound formulas and monomers through the regulation of ferroptosis pathways in post-stroke conditions， aiming to provide a basis for optimizing clinical treatment strategies and exploring new therapeutic approaches， and to offer new strategies and approaches for stroke treatment.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide， ranking as the second leading cause of mortality globally and the primary cause of adult disability. Its pathological process involves complex cascade mechanisms， with high incidence and disability rates， posing a major threat to human health. According to statistics from the World Health Organization， more than 13 million new cases of stroke occur globally each year， resulting in direct medical costs and socioeconomic burdens amounting to hundreds of billions of dollars. In recent years， breakthroughs in the study of programmed cell death mechanisms have provided new insights into stroke treatment. Among them， ferroptosis， a novel form of cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation， has attracted widespread attention in the pathological process of stroke. Ferroptosis is closely associated with iron metabolism disorders， oxidative stress， and lipid peroxidation， and exhibits unique regulatory effects in key pathological processes of stroke， such as ischemia-reperfusion injury， disruption of the blood-brain barrier， and neuronal apoptosis. It plays an important role in post-stroke neurological damage. Chinese medicine， as an essential component of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， has demonstrated advantages in modulating ferroptosis and exerting neuroprotective effects. This review systematically summarizes current research on the neuroprotective mechanisms of Chinese medicine compound formulas and monomers through the regulation of ferroptosis pathways in post-stroke conditions， aiming to provide a basis for optimizing clinical treatment strategies and exploring new therapeutic approaches， and to offer new strategies and approaches for stroke treatment.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF） is a chronic interstitial lung disease characterized by dyspnea and progressive deterioration of lung function， which significantly impacts patients' quality of life and imposes a major burden on society. Although modern medicine has increasingly enriched the treatment options for pulmonary fibrosis， unfavorable factors such as high costs and significant side effects contribute to the persistently low survival rate of patients. Studies have shown that the occurrence and development of pulmonary fibrosis are closely related to abnormalities in multiple pathways. Among these， Rho/Rho-associated coiled-coil protein kinase （ROCK） plays a key role in the disease progression of IPF by regulating the cytoskeleton. This pathway not only transmits biochemical molecular signals that promote the progress of fibrosis but also responds to the biomechanical environment， such as the increased lung tissue stiffness caused by the deposition of extracellular matrix （ECM） during the process of pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore， research on this pathway is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of IPF. In recent years， traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has shown remarkable effects in preventing and treating IPF. Many TCM compounds and active components can reduce the production of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， CollagenⅠ （ColⅠ）， ColⅢ， and inflammatory factors in lung tissue by regulating the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway. These compounds inhibit the transformation of fibroblasts （FBs） into myofibroblasts （MyoFBs）， intervening in the process of pulmonary fibrosis. Based on this， the article briefly reviews relevant research from recent years， discusses the key role of the Rho/ROCK pathway in pulmonary fibrosis from an interdisciplinary perspective， and summarizes the mechanisms through which TCM regulates Rho/ROCK to prevent and treat IPF， based on resources from PubMed， CNKI， and other databases， in order to provide important references for the broader clinical application of TCM in the prevention and treatment of IPF.

Oromucosal drug delivery preparations offer advantages such as convenient administration,suitability for patients with dysphagia,rapid onset of action,and avoidance of first-pass metabolism in the liver.The 2020 edition of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia,EP11.0,BP2022,USP44-NF39,and JP18 all include relevant standards for the quality control of different oromucosal drug delivery systems.This article compares the differences in general re-quirements for oromucosal formulations among different countries and provides an overview of inspection items for marketed oral mucosal formulations and those documented in pharmacopoeias both domestically and internationally.Foreign pharmacopoeias include a wide range of oromucosal drug delivery formulations,with more refined quality control measures for systemic action.These findings can serve as a reference for the improvement and enhancement of standards for oromucosal drug delivery systems in China.

Aim To explore the related influencing factors of stroke in middle-aged and elderly population in China,and to construct a nomogram prediction model to provide more personalized reference for the prevention and treat-ment of stroke.Methods This study included 13 063 participants from the China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey project.This project conducted a cross-sectional survey in 2011 using a multi-stage sampling method,targeting in-dividuals aged 45 and above from 150 counties and 450 communities(villages)in 28 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities).Detailed data were collected on participants'socio-demographic characteristics,physical measurements,health status,healthcare utilization,household income,and expenditure.The study participants were followed up to as-sess stroke in 2013,2015,and 2018.Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were employed to identify the factors associated with stroke incidence and to construct a nomogram predictive model.Results During the follow-up,774 participants developed to stroke.Multivariate Cox regression results showed that older age(HR=1.028,95％CI:1.019-1.038),being single(HR=1.295,95％CI:1.031-1.626),smoking(HR=1.264,95％CI:1.074-1.489),abnormal body mass index(HR=1.204,95％CI:1.020-1.420),hypertension(HR=2.200,95％CI:1.855-2.609)and diabetes(HR=1.483,95％CI:1.117～1.970)were the risk factors affecting the incidence of stroke,high levels of annual per capita expenditure(HR=0.783,95％CI:0.642-0.953)are antagonistic factors in the incidence of stroke.The nomogram constructed based on the above factors had good predictive performance,and its area under the curve(AUC)was about 0.700.Conclusion Old age,being single,smoking,abnormal body mass index,history of hypertension and diabetes are independent risk factors for stroke,the nomogram constructed based on these factors can help predict the incidence rate of stroke.

Objective To compare image quality of 5.0T and 3.0T time of flight MR angiography(TOF-MRA)and displaying choroidal anterior arteries(AChA).Methods Data of 80 patients who underwent head 5.0T(5.0T group,n=40)and/or 3.0T TOF-MRA(3.0T group,n=42)were retrospectively analyzed,among them 2 patients underwent both 5.0T and 3.0T TOF-MRA.The subjective scoring and objective evaluation of image quality were performed,and the results were compared between groups.AChA was divided into proximal,intermediate and distal segments(A1,A2,A3 segment),the quantity of left and right AChA shown on 5.0T and 3.0T TOF-MRA were recorded,and the length and diameter of left and right AChA dispalyed on MRA were comparatively observed.Results The subjective scores of image quality of 5.0T group were higher than that of 3.0T group(5.0[4.0,5.0]vs.5.0[3.0,5.0],Z=6.417,P=0.029).The signal-to-noise ratio(91.01±5.04)and contrast-to-noise ratio(72.47±5.14)of 5.0T group were both larger than those of 3.0T group([62.11±4.16],[48.92±4.62],t=28.339,19.681,both P＜0.001).There were 80 segments of AChA-A1,80 of AChA-A2 and 60 segments of AChA-A3 displayed on 5.0T TOF-MRA,while 60 segments of AChA-A1,36 of AChA-A2 and 12 segments of AChA-A3 displayed on 3.0T TOF-MRA,respectively.In 5.0T group,the length of the left and right AChA was(24.01±7.41)mm and(22.72±9.36)mm,with diameter of(1.16±0.12)mm and(1.19±0.14)mm,respectively,whereas in 3.0T group,the relative values were(18.35±8.67)mm,(16.80±6.94)mm,(0.99±0.25)mm and(0.95±0.29)mm,respectively,all in 5.0T group were greater than in 3.0T group(t=3.242,3.183,4.595,3.846,all P＜0.001).Conclusion Compared with 3.0T TOF-MRA,5.0T TOF-MRA of AChA might provide better image quality and clearer vessel depiction,being helpful to clinical diagnosis and treatment of ACHA-related cerebral vascular diseases.

Objective To compare image quality of 3.0T and 5.0T MR cholangiopancreatography(MRCP).Methods Eighteen patients with bile duct dilation(bile duct dilation group)and 7 healthy volunteers(healthy group)were prospectively enrolled.MRCP was performed with 3.0T and 5.0T scanners,respectively,and the ability for displaying details of bile duct tree,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)and image artifacts were compared between 3.0T and 5.0T MRCP.Results In bile duct dilation group,the number of branches,total branch length and the maximum branch length of bile duct tree on 5.0T MRCP were all greater than those on 3.0T MRCP(all P＜0.05).In healthy group,the number of branches and total branch length of bile duct tree on 5.0T MRCP were both greater than those on 3.0T MRCP(both P＜0.05).In both groups,the SNR of 5.0T MRCP was greater than that of 3.0T MRCP,but the difference was not significant(both P＞0.05).No significant difference of image artifacts was found between 3.0T and 5.0T MRCP(P=0.054).Conclusion 5.0T MRCP might display better anatomical details of bile duct tree than 3.0T MRCP,with SNR and image artifacts comparable to 3.0T MRCP.

Purpose To investigate the diagnostic value of postsystolic shortening in ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries(INOCA).Materials and Methods A total of 85 INOCA patients admitted to People's Hospital of Liaoning Province from May 2020 to December 2022 were selected and divided into two groups according to the ratio of distal diastolic average blood velocity of left anterior descending branch before and after treatment obtained by thymosidine load echocardiography(coronary flow velocity reserve,CFVR):CFVR<2.0 was in the coronary microvascular dysfunction(CMD)group(n=40),and CFVR≥2.0 was in the control group(n=45).Conventional echocardiographic parameters of all enrolled subjects were measured:left ventricular end-diastolic diameter index(LVEDDI),left ventricular end-diastolic volume index(LVEDVI),left ventricular end-systolic volume index(LVESVI),left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),early and late mitral valve diastolic blood flow velocity(E,A),E/A,average velocity of mitral valve annulus and interventricular septum in early diastolic(e')and E/e'on the wall and septal side were measured.The global longitudinal strain(GLS)and the post systolic index(PSI)of the left ventricle were measured by two-dimensional speckle tracking automated functional imaging.The differences of echocardiographic parameters,GLS and PSI between CMD group and control group were observed.The relationship between CFVR and PSI in CMD group was analyzed.Results There were no significant differences in LVEDDI,LVEDVI,LVESVI,LVEF,E,A,E/A,e',E/e'and GLS between control group and CMD group(t=-0.577-1.472,P>0.05).There was a statistically significant difference in PSI increase between CMD group and control group(t=-5.370,P<0.05).There was a good correlation between CFVR and PSI in CMD group(r=-0.486,P<0.05).The receiver operator characteristic curve showed that the area under the curve predicted by PSI for CMD was 0.786,the sensitivity was 68.0%,and the specificity was 77.8%.Conclusion PSI has good application value in evaluating left ventricular systolic function in INOCA patients,and can detect left ventricular systolic function injury in such patients at an early stage.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of brusatol on the malignant biological behavior of ovarian cancer cells by regulating the sphingosine kinase 1 （SPHK1）/sphingosine-1-phosphate （S1P）/sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 （S1PR3） signaling pathway. METHODS Human ovarian cancer cell strain SKOV-3 were randomly divided into control group， brusatol group， SPHK1 overexpression group， brusatol+blank load group， brusatol+SPHK1 overexpression group. The cell viability， colony formation rate， the number of migration and invasion， apoptosis rate， the expressions of cell proliferation-related proteins [myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog （C-myc）]， apoptosis-related proteins [B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 associated X protein （Bax）]， epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT）-related proteins （E-cadherin， N-cadherin） and SPHK1， S1P， S1PR3 proteins were all detected in each group. Transplanted tumor model of nude mice was constructed by using SKOV-3 cells and randomly separated into control group， brusatol low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose groups， SPHK1 overexpression group， high- dose brusatol+blank load group， and high-dose brusatol+SPHK1 overexpression group； the growth of transplanted tumors were detected. The nude mice model of SKOV-3 transplantation tumor was randomly divided into control group， brusatol group， SPHK1 overexpression group， brusatol+blank load group， and brusatol+SPHK1 overexpression group； the proliferation and apoptosis of transplanted tumor tissue， the expressions of EMT-related Δ 基金项目江西省中医药管理局科技计划项目（No.2023B0762） ＊第一作者 副主任药师 。研究方向 ：药学研究及药理学 。E- proteins and SPHK1/S1P/S1PR3 signaling pathway proteins mail：jsgj2023@126.com were detected in each group. RESULTS Cell experiments in # 通信作者 主任医师，硕士。研究方向：妇科及妇科肿瘤学。E- vitro had shown that compared with the control group， the cell mail：11638199@qq.com viability， clone formation rate， migration number， invasion 中国药房 2024年第35卷第16期 China Pharmacy 2024 Vol. 35 No. 16 · 1991 · number， protein expressions of C-myc， Bcl-2， N-cadherin， SPHK1， S1P and S1PR3 were decreased significantly in brusatol group （P＜0.05）， while the apoptosis rate， protein expressions of Bax and E-cadherin were increased significantly （P＜0.05）； overexpression of SPHK1 could weaken the effects of brusatol on the above indicators in SKOV-3 cells. Mice experiments in vivo had shown that compared with the control group， the transplanted tumor volumes of nude mice in the brusatol low-dose， medium- dose and high-dose groups were decreased significantly in a dose-dependent manner after 21 days of intervention （P＜0.05）. Brusatol of high dose could also significantly reduce the protein expressions of C-myc， Bcl-2， N-cadherin， SPHK1， S1P and S1PR3 in transplanted tumor tissue of nude mice （P＜0.05）， and significantly increase the protein expressions of Bax and E- cadherin （P＜0.05）； overexpression of SPHK1 could weaken the effects of brusatol on the above indicators in transplanted tumor tissue of nude mice. CONCLUSIONS Brusatol can inhibit the proliferation， cloning， EMT， migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells， and induce their apoptosis by down-regulating the expression of SPHK1/S1P/S1PR3 signaling pathway. It can also inhibit the growth of ovarian cancer cells in nude mice， ultimately suppressing their malignant biological behavior and exerting significant anti-cancer effects on ovarian cancer.

Objective To investigate the imaging manifestations and pathogenesis of liver focal nodular hyperplasia-like(FNH-like)lesions in patients undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy.Methods The clinical and imaging data of focal nodular hyperplasia(FNH)and FNH-like lesions patients confirmed by pathology after antineoplastic chemotherapy were analyzed retrospectively.Results A total of 67 FNH-like nodules were detected in 15 patients after antineoplastic chemotherapy,including multiple FNH nodules in 8 cases and sin-gle nodule in 7 cases.The mean detected time of FNH-like nodules was(18.9±11.7)months.Central scarring could be observed during follow-up in 5 nodules,and the rest showed atypical FNH features.Among 45 nodules examined with hepatocyte-specific con-trast medium,36 nodules showed slightly high signal in the hepatobiliary phase and other 9 nodules showed isosignal.Conclusion FNH-like lesions in patients during antineoplastic chemotherapy have certain imaging features,such as lack of central scarring,gener-ally smaller nodules,delayed enhancement,and hyperenhancement in hepatobiliary-specific phase,which are of significant value in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease.