Objective:To evaluate the application value of a new family ward model in rehabilitation training for chil-dren with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and its impact on improving the prognosis..Method:Seventy-two children with ASD admitted to the Children's Health Department of Guanggu Branch of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were assigned to the study group.Another 66 children with ASD who underwent rehabilitation treatment at the outpatient training center during the same period were included as the control group.All children received comprehensive training meth-ods such as language training,social training,sensory integration training,fine motor training,occupational therapy,behavior correction training,and parent training.Based on the new family ward model,the research group provides family support services for pediatric patients,providing real-time guidance on family rehabilita-tion training,natural scenario generalization,and life skills improvement.All patients are trained 6 hours a day for 6 months.Both groups of children were evaluated by the VB-MAPP,ABC scale,CARS scale,SRS scale,and S-M scale evaluation before and after training for efficacy analysis.Result:After 6 months of training,the scores of CARS and SRS scales in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=2.89,3.04,P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the VB-MAPP and S-M scale evaluation scores in the study group were significantly improved(t=-2.42,-2.45,P<0.05).Conclusion:The new family ward model can effectively improve the language,daily living skills,and social adaptation abilities of children with ASD,and provide sufficient family support services,thereby improving the prognosis of ASD children more effectively.

Objective:To evaluate the application value of a new family ward model in rehabilitation training for chil-dren with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)and its impact on improving the prognosis..Method:Seventy-two children with ASD admitted to the Children's Health Department of Guanggu Branch of Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2022 to January 2024 were assigned to the study group.Another 66 children with ASD who underwent rehabilitation treatment at the outpatient training center during the same period were included as the control group.All children received comprehensive training meth-ods such as language training,social training,sensory integration training,fine motor training,occupational therapy,behavior correction training,and parent training.Based on the new family ward model,the research group provides family support services for pediatric patients,providing real-time guidance on family rehabilita-tion training,natural scenario generalization,and life skills improvement.All patients are trained 6 hours a day for 6 months.Both groups of children were evaluated by the VB-MAPP,ABC scale,CARS scale,SRS scale,and S-M scale evaluation before and after training for efficacy analysis.Result:After 6 months of training,the scores of CARS and SRS scales in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group(t=2.89,3.04,P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the VB-MAPP and S-M scale evaluation scores in the study group were significantly improved(t=-2.42,-2.45,P<0.05).Conclusion:The new family ward model can effectively improve the language,daily living skills,and social adaptation abilities of children with ASD,and provide sufficient family support services,thereby improving the prognosis of ASD children more effectively.

OBJECTIVE To explore the effects of ADRB2 gene regulatory region polymorphism on the efficacy of short-acting beta 2 receptor agonists （SABA） in the treatment of acute asthma attack in children. METHODS A total of 127 children with acute mild to moderate bronchial asthma who received SABA treatment for 7 days in the General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from October 2016 to October 2020 were selected to detect their genotype distribution and compare the improvement of pulmonary functional indicators and curative effect among different genotypes. The effect of the high-order interaction of gene polymorphism on therapeutic effect was investigated. RESULTS Among 127 children， there were 80， 44 and 3 cases of TT， TA and AA types at locus rs2895795， 93， 32 and 2 cases of CC， CG and GG types at locus rs11168070， and 41， 64 and 22 cases of GG， GA and AA types at locus rs12654778， respectively， in accordance with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium （P＞0.05）. After treatment， the improvement rate of the peak expiratory flow in percent predicted value （PEF%pred） and the improvement rate of the forced expiratory flow at 75% vital capacity in percent predicted value （FEF75%pred） in children with TA type were significantly lower than that of TT type at locus rs2895795 （P＜0.05）； the improvement rates of PEF%pred and FEF75%pred in children with CG type were significantly lower than that of CC type at locus rs11168070 （P＜0.05）； the improvement rates of PEF%pred in children with GA and AA type were significantly lower than that of GG type at locus rs12654778 （P＜0.05）. The differences in fractional exhaled nitric oxide before and after treatment were not statistically significant among different genotypes at each locus （P＞0.05）. The proportion of remarkable improvement of children with TT type at locus rs2895795 was 2.358 times that of children with TA+ AA type （P＜0.05）， and there was no significant effect of higher-order interaction of ADRB2 polymorphism on the efficacy in children with asthma （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Polymorphisms in the regulatory region of the ADRB2 gene in children with bronchial asthma are associated with the efficacy of SABA in the treatment of acute asthma attack in children. At locus rs2895795， rs11168070 and rs12654778， the improvement of lung function of children with wild-type is more obvious， and the efficacy of SABA treatment on children with TT type is better at locus rs2895795.

Pulpitis, periodontitis, jaw bone defect, and temporomandibular joint damage are common oral and maxillofacial diseases in clinic, but traditional treatments are unable to restore the structure and function of the injured tissues. Due to their good biocompatibility, biodegradability, antioxidant effect, anti-inflammatory activity, and broad-spectrum antimicrobial property, chitosan-based hydrogels have shown broad applicable prospects in the field of oral tissue engineering. Quaternization, carboxymethylation, and sulfonation are common chemical modification strategies to improve the physicochemical properties and biological functions of chitosan-based hydrogels, while the construction of hydrogel composite systems via carrying porous microspheres or nanoparticles can achieve local sequential delivery of diverse drugs or bioactive factors, laying a solid foundation for the well-organized regeneration of defective tissues. Chemical cross-linking is commonly employed to fabricate irreversible permanent chitosan gels, and physical cross-linking enables the formation of reversible gel networks. Representing suitable scaffold biomaterials, several chitosan-based hydrogels transplanted with stem cells, growth factors or exosomes have been used in an attempt to regenerate oral soft and hard tissues. Currently, remarkable advances have been made in promoting the regeneration of pulp-dentin complex, cementum-periodontium-alveolar bone complex, jaw bone, and cartilage. However, the clinical translation of chitosan-based hydrogels still encounters multiple challenges. In future, more in vivo clinical exploration under the conditions of oral complex microenvironments should be performed, and the combined application of chitosan-based hydrogels and a variety of bioactive factors, biomaterials, and state-of-the-art biotechnologies can be pursued in order to realize multifaceted complete regeneration of oral tissue.
Chitosan/chemistry* ; Tissue Engineering ; Hydrogels/chemistry* ; Biocompatible Materials/chemistry* ; Cartilage ; Tissue Scaffolds/chemistry*

Objective:To investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism of corticosteroids receptor gene(NR3C1)and children with asthma and to analyze the efficacy of inhaled corticosteroid(ICS)treatment.Methods:The study included a control group(100 healthy children)who participated in the physical examination and an asthma group(101 children with bronchial asthma)who were hospitalized in the General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command from October 2018 to October 2020.Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples of all enrolled subjects and then the polymorphism of the glucocorticoid receptor gene locus of NR3C1 was analyzed using SNaPshot SNP gene detection technology.The comparisons of allele frequency in rs41423247、rs7701443 between two groups were performed and the treatment effects of ICS in the asthma group were evaluated at the 12th week of treatment.Results:The frequencies of GG, GC, and CC genotypes of rs41423247 locus of NR3C1 were 75.2%, 21.8%, and 3.0% in the asthma group and 72.0%, 24.0%, and 4.0% in the control group, respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups( χ2=0.333, P>0.05). The frequencies of GG, GA, and AA genotypes of rs7701443 locus of NR3C1 were 45.5%, 39.6%, and 14.9% in the asthma group and 56.0%, 31.0%, and 13.0% in the control group, respectively, and there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups( χ2=2.259, P>0.05). After ICS treatment, the C-ACT/ACT scores were not significantly improved in children with CC genotypes at rs41423247 locus( P>0.05), while children with GG and GC genotypes were obviously improved( P<0.05). The scores of C-ACT/ACT showed obvious differences among three genotypes of rs41423247 locus after treatment with ICS( P<0.05). The C-ACT/ACT scores of all were significantly improved in children with GG, GA, or AA genotypes at rs7701443 locus after treatment with ICS( P<0.05), while there was no significant difference among those three genotypes( P>0.05). Significantly improved pulmonary function following ICS treatment in children with asthma was observed in GG and GC genotypes of rs41423247 locus of NR3C1( P<0.05), while only MMEF was improved in CC genotype( P<0.05). Meanwhile, those pulmonary function indexes were improved in all genotypes of rs7701443 after treatment with ICS( P<0.05). Conclusion:Both rs41423247 and rs7701443 locus at NR3C1 gene have polymorphisms.But there were no significant differences in the polymorphism of rs41423247 and rs7701443 locus of NR3C1 between the asthma group and the control group.Different genotype frequencies of rs41423247 and rs7701443 at NR3C1 locus in children with asthma have different effects on ICS treatment.

Both pathological injuries and clinical iatrogenic operations can lead to dentin demineralization, forming demineralized dentin matrix (DDM). Dentin demineralization activates endogenous matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and cysteine cathepsin (CC), and the mechanical properties of DDM decrease, so DDM is prone to lose its structural integrity under the action of enzymatic degradation and mechanical destruction, which in turn results in the reduction of clinical functional value of DDM in dentin-resin bonding restoration. The administrations of dentin collagen cross-linking reagents and MMP/CC inhibitors are effective strategies to protect DDM structural integrity and achieve its clinical functional value. A variety of chemically synthesized reagents and plant-derived extracts are capable of significantly improving the mechanical properties of DDM and enhancing its enzymatic tolerance. However, the cytotoxicity caused by chemically synthesized reagents and the tooth staining aroused by plant extracts have considerably affected their clinical applicability. Protecting dentin collagen while exerting antibacterial properties is a new direction for future DDM protective agent research. Accordingly, from the perspectives of cross-linking reagents, enzyme inhibitors and compounds which possess the dual proper ties, this review discusses the latest research progress in DDM protection, and looks into its application prospects in dentin-resin bonding, in an attempt to provide reference for the clinical promotion of DDM protection strategy.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between rs2075748 and rs542269 single nucleotide polymorphisms of cholinergic muscarinic receptor 1 (CHRM1)gene and susceptibility of childhood asthma, as well as the differences of pulmonary function and serum acetylcholine(Ach)levels among different genotypes.Methods:A total of 156 asthmatic children who were treated in the outpatient or hospitalized in the General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command from September 2018 to September 2020 were selected as the case group, while 134 non-asthmatic children who had a healthy physical examination were selected as the control group.The SNaPshot SNP typing technique was used to analyze the genotype of the CHRM1 gene rs2075748 and rs542269 of the study subjects.Serum Ach level was detected by double antibody sandwich method, and the pulmonary function of the case group was detected.Results:After analyzing the CHRM1 gene polymorphism, it was found that the CC, CT, and TT genotype frequencies at rs2075748 were 65.4%, 28.8%, 5.8% in the case group, and 62.8%, 32.4%, 4.8% in the control group.The C and T allele frequencies were 79.8% and 20.2% in the case group, 74.3% and 25.7% in the control group.There were no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequency distribution between the two group ( χ2=2.688, 2.530, both P>0.05), and there were no significant difference in the recessive and dominant modes between the two groups ( χ2=0.338, 2.686, both P>0.05). The TT and CT genotype frequencies at rs542269 locus were 72.4% and 27.6% in the case group, 62.7% and 37.3% in the control group.The T and C allele frequency were 86.2% and 13.8% in the case group, 81.3% and 18.7% in the control group.The genotype and allele frequency distribution were not obvious different between the two group ( χ2=3.145, 2.544, both P>0.05). The risk of asthma with variant CT and TT at rs2075748 locus of CHRM1 gene were not statistically different from that of wild-type CC (both P>0.05), and the risk of asthma with variant CT at rs542269 locus was no different from that of wild-type TT ( P>0.05). The difference in FEF50% Pred and FEF75% Pred of different genotypes at rs2075748 were statistically significant( F=3.118, 4.808, both P<0.05), wild-type CC was lower than variant CT(both P<0.05). There were no statistically significant difference in pulmonary function among different genotypes at rs542269 (both P>0.05). There was significant difference in serum Ach level between different genotypes of rs2075748 ( F=4.716, P<0.05), variant CT was lower than wild-type CC ( P<0.05), variant TT was lower than wild-type CC ( P<0.05), while no significant difference was find between variant CT and TT ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in serum Ach level between different genotypes of rs542269 ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The rs2075748 locus of CHRM1 gene is not susceptible to asthma, but it may be related to the small airway function of asthmatic children, besides there are differences in serum Ach levels with different genotypes, and the variant serum Ach level is lower.The rs542269 locus is not a susceptibility site for asthma, and there are no difference in pulmonary function and serum Ach levels in asthmatic children with different genotypes.

BACKGROUND:There is no effective treatment for muscle atrophy caused by peripheral nerve damage. Skeletal muscle cel s, a structural unit of muscle contraction, can be used for studies on muscle atrophy when cultured in vitro.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the promotion effect of neuron-secreted factors on the growth of skeletal muscle cel s in vitro.
METHODS:Skeletal muscle cel s primary cultured in vitro were divided into two groups:experimental group with neuron-secreted factors, and control group with common culture medium, respectively. Afterwards, the number of skeletal muscle cel s and expression level of alpha actin were detected by hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining, respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of skeletal muscle cel s and expression level of alpha actin in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). In conclusion, neuron-secreted factors have the ability of promoting the growth of skeletal muscle cel s and may be helpful for denervated muscle atrophy.

BACKGROUNDThrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) has gained international recognition, clinical outcomes following this thrombolytic therapy varied from patient to patient. Factors affecting clinical outcomes have not been well understood yet, so this retrospective case-control study aimed to investigate factors that may influence clinical outcomes of acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous rt-PA.

METHODSOne hundred and one patients with acute ischemic stroke who received intravenous rt-PA thrombolysis within 4.5 hours from disease onset were included. Patients were divided into good or poor outcome group according to modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, good outcome group: mRS score of 0-1; poor outcome group: mRS of 2-6. Stroke characteristics were compared between the two groups. Factors for stroke outcomes were analyzed via univariate analysis and Logistic regression.

RESULTSOf the 101 patients studied, patients in good outcome group (n = 55) were significantly younger than patients in poor outcome group (n = 46, (62.82 ± 14.25) vs. (68.81 ± 9.85) years, P = 0.029). Good outcome group had fewer patients with diabetic history (9.09% vs. 28.26%, P = 0.012), fewer patients with leukoaraiosis (7.27% vs. 28.26%, P = 0.005) and presented with lower blood glucose level ((5.72 ± 1.76) vs. (6.72 ± 1.32) mmol/L, P = 0.012), lower systolic blood pressure level ((135.45 ± 19.36) vs. (148.78 ± 19.39) mmHg, P = 0.003), lower baseline NIHSS score (12.02 ± 5.26 vs. 15.78 ± 4.98, P = 0.002) and shorter onset-to-treatment time (OTT) ((2.38 ± 1.21) vs. (2.57 ± 1.03) hours, P = 0.044) than poor outcome group. Logistic regression analysis showed that absence of diabetic history (odds ratio (OR) 0.968 (95% CI 0.941-0.996)), absence of leukoaraiosis (OR 0.835 (95% CI 0.712-0.980)), lower baseline NIHSS score (OR 0.885 (95% CI 0.793-0.989)), lower pre-thrombolysis systolic blood pressure (OR 0.962 (95% CI 0.929-0.997)), and lower blood glucose level (OR 0.699 (95% CI 0.491-0.994)) before thrombolysis were significantly associated with better outcome.

CONCLUSIONPatients with no history of diabetes, no leukoaraiosis, low blood glucose level, low systolic blood pressure level and low baseline NIHSS score before thrombolysis have a better outcome.

Aged ; Blood Pressure ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fibrinolytic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Stroke ; drug therapy ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To produce the experimental pig model of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS) through raising pigs in the lower pressure container in order to study the effect of low pressure on morphology of upper respiratory soft tissue in pig.Methods The pigs were living in a container of low pressure for 6 months to make up the pig models of OSAHS.When the symptoms like OSAHS appearing and the pharyngeal respiratory pressure changing like the characteristics of OSAHS,the pigs were scanned by CT and compared with controls.Results The pharyngeal rear wall and soft palate in model pigs were thickened(0.94 cm?0.16 cm and 1.06 cm?0.23 cm respectively),while in control groups were(0.60 cm?0.11 cm and 0.59 cm?0.13 cm respectively).The cross-sectional area of upper airway in anterior,middle and rear parts were(1.49?0.12) cm2,(1.37?0.32) cm2 and(1.00?0.21) cm2 respectively,the narrowest part was in rear area,and in control groups were(1.30?0.14) cm2,(1.57?0.32) cm2 and(2.48?0.42) cm2 respectively.Conclusion The lower pressure condition can be used to produce animal experimental model of OSAHS,the low pressure is the important factor to cause OSAHS.