Objective To use a physics-informed neural network(PINN)-based model to predict hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysms and address the problems of long simulation time and high computational cost in traditional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations.Methods The PINN model was trained using only the computational domain coordinates and sparse velocity measurement points from CFD data of clinical patients.The predicted blood flow velocity,pressure,and wall shear stress(WSS)from the PINN model were compared with CFD simulation results.Results The proposed method was used to test and validate data from four different patients.For velocity prediction,the average mean absolute error(MAE),average mean relative error(MRE),average mean squared error(MSE)was 4.60％,6.61％,and 0.229％,respectively.For WSS prediction,the average MAE,MRE and MSE was 5.54％,8.58％,and 0.510％,respectively.The PINN model demonstrated a good generalization capability across different aneurysm models and could reduce the computation time of hemodynamics from several hours to just a few seconds.Conclusions The PINN model can effectively compensate for incomplete measurement data through physical constraints,even when boundary conditions are unknown and measurement data are sparse.It can rapidly and accurately simulate the hemodynamics of intracranial aneurysms.This method has the potential to provide effective support for clinical risk prediction in intracranial aneurysms.

Meniere's disease represents an idiopathic inner ear disorder characterized by endolymphatic hy-drops.Currently,the research methods for identifying genes associated with this disease mainly involve first-genera-tion sequencing and second-generation sequencing.This article reviews research on the genetic study of Meniere's disease,mainly summarizing the candidate genes with repeated pedigree validation in familial Meniere's disease,as well as those frequently reported in sporadic Meniere's disease.

Objective:To observe the effects of 4E (explore, express, explain, extend) teaching combined with Gibbs reflective cycle method on the thinking and learning ability of nurse interns in the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery.Methods:A total of 96 nurse interns in the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery between June 1, 2022 and September 1, 2023 were selected as the research objects. Based on internship period, they were divided into the control group (from June 2022 to January 2023, traditional teaching) and the observation group (from February 2023 to September 2023, 4E teaching combined with Gibbs reflective cycle method). The critical thinking ability and evidence-based medicine ability before and after the internship were compared, and the recognition of the teaching method was compared between the two groups. SPSS 20.0 was used for t test and χ2 test. Results:After the teaching, the critical thinking ability and evidence-based medicine ability of nurse interns in the two groups were significantly higher than those before the teaching. The scores of critical thinking ability and evidence-based medicine ability were significantly higher in the observation group compared to the control group. Compared with the control group, the observation group showed higher levels of recognition in terms of proactiveness (44/48 vs. 30/48), information access ability (45/48 vs. 32/48), emergency response ability (47/48 vs. 29/48), and enhancement of teacher-student relationships (46/48 vs. 30/48), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusions:The application of 4E teaching combined with Gibbs reflective cycle method in training nurse interns in the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery can improve their critical thinking ability and evidence-based medicine ability, and the nurse interns have a high level of recognition for this teaching method.

Objective To use a physics-informed neural network(PINN)-based model to predict hemodynamics in intracranial aneurysms and address the problems of long simulation time and high computational cost in traditional computational fluid dynamics(CFD)simulations.Methods The PINN model was trained using only the computational domain coordinates and sparse velocity measurement points from CFD data of clinical patients.The predicted blood flow velocity,pressure,and wall shear stress(WSS)from the PINN model were compared with CFD simulation results.Results The proposed method was used to test and validate data from four different patients.For velocity prediction,the average mean absolute error(MAE),average mean relative error(MRE),average mean squared error(MSE)was 4.60％,6.61％,and 0.229％,respectively.For WSS prediction,the average MAE,MRE and MSE was 5.54％,8.58％,and 0.510％,respectively.The PINN model demonstrated a good generalization capability across different aneurysm models and could reduce the computation time of hemodynamics from several hours to just a few seconds.Conclusions The PINN model can effectively compensate for incomplete measurement data through physical constraints,even when boundary conditions are unknown and measurement data are sparse.It can rapidly and accurately simulate the hemodynamics of intracranial aneurysms.This method has the potential to provide effective support for clinical risk prediction in intracranial aneurysms.

Objective To develop a refined management model for operating rooms and assess its clinical impact on op-erational efficiency and cost control.Methods The study included 10,728 elective surgeries from January to June 2024 as the study group and 9 414 elective surgeries from January to June 2023 as the control group.The differences in operational metrics before and after implementing the refined management model were compared.The model was developed through comprehensive management by hospital leadership and multi-department collaboration,focusing on management structure,systems,processes,information technology,and resource allocation.Results In terms of efficiency,the on-time start rate of the first surgeries in the study group was significantly higher than in the control group(P＜0.05).The turnover time between surgeries was shorter in the study group(P＜0.01),and the rate of unexpected surgery cancellations was lower(P＜0.01).The average cost per surgery for consumables,excluding the impact of centralized procurement of consumables,was approximately 971 yuan,representing an 11% reduction compared to the previous year,despite a 14% increase in surgical volume.The average daily operating cost per operating room was about 12 303 yuan,a 7% reduction.Economic benefits increased by 8.43 million yuan,a 38% year-on-year increase.Conclusion Implementing a refined management model in operating rooms can significantly enhance efficiency,re-duce costs,and achieve dual improvements in social and economic benefits.

Objective To develop a refined management model for operating rooms and assess its clinical impact on op-erational efficiency and cost control.Methods The study included 10,728 elective surgeries from January to June 2024 as the study group and 9 414 elective surgeries from January to June 2023 as the control group.The differences in operational metrics before and after implementing the refined management model were compared.The model was developed through comprehensive management by hospital leadership and multi-department collaboration,focusing on management structure,systems,processes,information technology,and resource allocation.Results In terms of efficiency,the on-time start rate of the first surgeries in the study group was significantly higher than in the control group(P＜0.05).The turnover time between surgeries was shorter in the study group(P＜0.01),and the rate of unexpected surgery cancellations was lower(P＜0.01).The average cost per surgery for consumables,excluding the impact of centralized procurement of consumables,was approximately 971 yuan,representing an 11% reduction compared to the previous year,despite a 14% increase in surgical volume.The average daily operating cost per operating room was about 12 303 yuan,a 7% reduction.Economic benefits increased by 8.43 million yuan,a 38% year-on-year increase.Conclusion Implementing a refined management model in operating rooms can significantly enhance efficiency,re-duce costs,and achieve dual improvements in social and economic benefits.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of the Total Nutritional Therapy (TNT) course initiated by the Chinese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (CSPEN) over the 20 years since its implementation in China.Methods:Participants who attended the CSPEN-organized TNT course between 2005 and 2024 were randomly selected as survey subjects. A four-level questionnaire (reaction, learning, behavior, and results) was developed via expert consensus, based on the Kirkpatrick model. An electronic link to the survey, created via Wenjuanxing, was distributed to invite participants to complete the questionnaire.Results:A total of 1,548 healthcare professionals from various specialties who had received TNT course participated in the online survey. Over 93% of participants reported improvements in theoretical knowledge and 94% in enhanced clinical diagnosis and treatment capabilities. Additionally, 65.4% of participants reported a "significant" or "noticeable" increase in the frequency of nutritional screening and assessments, with the frequency of nutritional support therapy utilization increased by 91.2%. Furthermore, 52.6% of respondents perceived a "significant" or "noticeable" career advancement, particularly in professional title promotion and international academic exchanges. The TNT course also positively impacted discipline development and management: 63.6% of the trainees' hospitals established clinical nutrition departments, 58.98% opened nutrition outpatient clinics, and 56.9% formed nutrition support teams. The adoption rate of standardized procedures, such as nutritional screening, exceeded 92.5% in relevant departments.Conclusions:Over the past 20 years, the CSPEN-led TNT course has successfully established a virtuous cycle of "knowledge dissemination–practice transformation–system innovation" in China. It has played a positive role in enhancing the professional competencies of healthcare workers and promoting the development of clinical nutrition as a discipline.

Gut microorganisms are central to the intestinal microecosystem, regulating digestive functions and related to immune regulation, metabolic disorders, and nervous system development. Recent studies reveal the multifaceted interactions between micronutrients (MNs) and gut microbiota, where MNs provide essential nutrients to the intestinal flora and influence the production and absorption of various MNs through direct or indirect pathways. This article reviews the recent advances in the effects of water-soluble vitamins, fat-soluble vitamins, and micronutrients on the intestinal microecology, aiming to provide new ideas for future research.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of inconsistent symptoms and signs of dry eye in patients with Sj?gren syndrome (SS).Methods:A case-control study was performed.Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) who visited the dry-eye outpatient department at Peking University People's Hospital were enrolled from January to October 2021.The patients were divided into a non-SS (NSS) group (25 cases, 25 eyes) and a SS group (13 cases, 13 eyes) according to without or with SS.The data of right eyes were analyzed.The patients' subjective symptoms were scored and their objective clinical parameters were evaluated.Evaluation of subjective symptoms included Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), Standard Patient Evaluation of eye dryness (SPEED) Questionnaire and Dry Eye Questionnaire-5 (DEQ-5).Objective clinical parameters included Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt), tear film breakup time (TBUT), SICCA ocular staining score (OSS), National Eye Institute (NEI) score, Marx line score, non-invasive tear film breakup time (NIBUT), non-invasive tear meniscus height (NITMH), meibomian gland loss area ratio, the number of corneal subepithelial nerves, total nerve length, mean nerve length, maximum nerve length, minimum nerve length, nerve curvature, and number of dendritic cells.Differences in subjective symptoms and clinical parameters were compared between the two groups, and correlation analysis between ocular symptom scores and objective clinical parameters was performed.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University People's Hospital (No.RDY2020-03).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The OSDI, SPEED and DEQ-5 scores of SS group were 10.9(2.1, 23.1), 4.0(2.0, 7.0) and 7.0(3.5, 9.5), respectively, which were significantly lower than 37.5(26.0, 64.9), 10.5(7.0, 13.0) and 13.0(6.8, 14.3) of NSS group ( Z=-2.70, -3.01, -2.14; all P<0.05).TBUT was longer in the SS group than in the NSS group, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=-2.10, P=0.038).No significant difference was found in SⅠt, OSS, Marx line score, NIBUT, NITMH, meibomian gland loss area ratio, the number of corneal subepithelial nerves, total nerve length, mean nerve length, maximum nerve length, minimum nerve length, nerve curvature, and number of dendritic cells (all P>0.05).The OSS of nasal conjunctiva was significantly higher in the SS group than in the NSS group ( Z=-2.32, P=0.023).There were no correlations between the subjective symptoms and objective clinical parameters in NSS group (all P>0.05).The SPEED score was positively correlated with the Marx line score of upper eye lid ( rs=0.573, P=0.041) and the OSDI score was negatively correlated with the minimum nerve length ( rs=-0.606, P=0.037) in SS group. Conclusions:Patients with SS dry eye have more nasal conjunctival staining and fewer subjective symptoms than NSS dry eye patients with the same signs, which manifests as a separation of symptoms and signs.

Meniere's disease represents an idiopathic inner ear disorder characterized by endolymphatic hy-drops.Currently,the research methods for identifying genes associated with this disease mainly involve first-genera-tion sequencing and second-generation sequencing.This article reviews research on the genetic study of Meniere's disease,mainly summarizing the candidate genes with repeated pedigree validation in familial Meniere's disease,as well as those frequently reported in sporadic Meniere's disease.