Objective:To investigate the prognostic factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent interventional therapy assisted by venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).Methods:This single-center retrospective cohort study enrolled AMI patients who received VA-ECMO-assisted interventional therapy in the Department of Cardiology at the Second Hospital of Jilin University from June 2018 to November 2022. Patients were divided into the in-hospital survival group and in-hospital death group based on the in-hospital survival. Data on patient demographics, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, coronary angiography results, VA-ECMO-related parameters, complications, and prognosis were collected through the electronic medical record system.Results:A total of 71 AMI patients were enrolled, with an age of (62.4±11.1) years, of whom 54 (76%) were male. There were 46 patients in the in-hospital survival group and 25 patients in the in-hospital death group. Compared to the in-hospital survival group, the in-hospital death group exhibited significantly higher levels of cardiac troponin I (36.08 (2.86, 100.00) μg/L vs. 2.75 (0.18, 13.86) μg/L, P=0.01) and B-type natriuretic peptide (1 724.50 (50.00, 4 200.50) vs. 460.85 (163.80, 1 862.33), P=0.01), and the left ventricular ejection fraction was lower ((35.0±12.9)% vs. (43.0±12.8)%, P=0.01), moreover the incidence of patients with left main coronary artery disease (80% (20/25) vs. 39% (18/46), P<0.01), cardiac arrest (56% (14/25) vs. 20% (9/46), P<0.01), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (52%(13/25) vs. 26%(12/46), P=0.03), and the time from cardiac arrest to ECMO initiation >24 hours (84% (21/25) vs. 9% (4/46), P<0.01) were higher. Conclusions:The prognosis of AMI patients undergoing VA-ECMO-assisted interventional therapy may be influenced by a number of related factors, including cardiac troponin I, B-type natriuretic peptide levels, left ventricular ejection fraction, combined with left main coronary artery disease, cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the interval between cardiac arrest and the initiation of ECMO.

Objective:To develop habitat radiomics models to predict early treatment responses to the hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with targeted therapy or immunotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:From October 2021 to Decemeber 2023, at Army Characteristic Medical Center of PLA (Chongqing Daping Hospital) and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 94 patients with advanced HCC who received HAIC combined with targeted therapy or immunotherapy were retrospectively enrolled. According to the treatment results, the patients were divided into response group and non-response group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to analyze the clinical data of the patients. Based on contrast-enhanced CT images, tumor habitats were delineated and habitat features were extracted with k-means clustering, and the imaging features of arterial and venous phases were also extracted. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used for dimensionality reduction. Feature selection was performed using LASSO to reduce dimensions, and then the selected features were further refined through stepwise logistic regression analysis.Binary logistic regression models were conducted to develop the habitat radiomics model, arterial phase radiomics model (APRM), venous phase radiomics model (VPRM), clinical data model, as well as the combination of radiomics model and clinical data model to predict early treatment (after 2 treatment cycles) response. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were plotted, and model performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve. The models were validated through Bootstrap methods (1 000 times). DeLong test was used to compare AUC values.Results:The results of cluster analysis identified 3 characteristic habitats in HCC imaging: low-, medium-, and high-enhancement tumor habitats. The proportion of high-enhancement habitats was higher than that in the non-response group. A predictive model was established based on the proportions of these 3 habitats. Based on the proportion of low-, medium-, and high-enhancement habitats within the tumor, a habitat radiomics model was constructed. After LASSO selection and logistic regression analysis, 3 arterial phase and 3 venous phase radiomic features were selected to build the APRM and VPRM, respectively. Logistic regression analysis identified the following factors for the clinical data model: comorbidities ( OR=0.275, P=0.031), maximum tumor diameter ( OR=1.149, P=0.019), red blood cell count ( OR=0.463, P=0.022), alpha fetoprotein >400 μg/L ( OR=3.452, P=0.017), and tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy ( OR=3.072, P=0.048). Among the single predictive model′s comparison, the AUC of habitat radiomics model was 0.860 (95% confidence interval(95% CI): 0.789 to 0.932), while those of the APRM、VPRM and clinical data model were 0.850 (95% CI: 0.773 to 0.926), 0.855 (95% CI: 0.782 to 0.928), and 0.774 (95% CI: 0.681 to 0.867), respectively, and there were no statistically significant among these models (all P>0.05). Among the combination models, the AUC of the habitat rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.881 (95% CI: 0.814 to 0.947); the AUC of arterial phase rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.897 (95% CI: 0.833 to 0.961); and the AUC of venous phase rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.888 (95% CI: 0.826 to 0.951), but there were no statistically significant among the 3 models (all P>0.05). The calibration curve showed that the habitat rediomic-clinical data combination model had the most accurate predictive probability. Internal validation showed that the AUC of habitat rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.848 (95% CI: 0.772 to 0.922), and the predictive performance was better than that of the clinical-data model (0.733 (95% CI: 0.670 to 0.863)). Conclusion:The habitat radiomics model based on enhanced CT can effectively predict early treatment responses to the HAIC combined with targeted therapy or immunotherapy in advanced HCC patients, which provides theoretical basis for individualized treatment in advanced HCC.

Objective:To investigate the prognostic factors in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who underwent interventional therapy assisted by venous-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).Methods:This single-center retrospective cohort study enrolled AMI patients who received VA-ECMO-assisted interventional therapy in the Department of Cardiology at the Second Hospital of Jilin University from June 2018 to November 2022. Patients were divided into the in-hospital survival group and in-hospital death group based on the in-hospital survival. Data on patient demographics, laboratory tests, imaging examinations, coronary angiography results, VA-ECMO-related parameters, complications, and prognosis were collected through the electronic medical record system.Results:A total of 71 AMI patients were enrolled, with an age of (62.4±11.1) years, of whom 54 (76%) were male. There were 46 patients in the in-hospital survival group and 25 patients in the in-hospital death group. Compared to the in-hospital survival group, the in-hospital death group exhibited significantly higher levels of cardiac troponin I (36.08 (2.86, 100.00) μg/L vs. 2.75 (0.18, 13.86) μg/L, P=0.01) and B-type natriuretic peptide (1 724.50 (50.00, 4 200.50) vs. 460.85 (163.80, 1 862.33), P=0.01), and the left ventricular ejection fraction was lower ((35.0±12.9)% vs. (43.0±12.8)%, P=0.01), moreover the incidence of patients with left main coronary artery disease (80% (20/25) vs. 39% (18/46), P<0.01), cardiac arrest (56% (14/25) vs. 20% (9/46), P<0.01), cardiopulmonary resuscitation (52%(13/25) vs. 26%(12/46), P=0.03), and the time from cardiac arrest to ECMO initiation >24 hours (84% (21/25) vs. 9% (4/46), P<0.01) were higher. Conclusions:The prognosis of AMI patients undergoing VA-ECMO-assisted interventional therapy may be influenced by a number of related factors, including cardiac troponin I, B-type natriuretic peptide levels, left ventricular ejection fraction, combined with left main coronary artery disease, cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and the interval between cardiac arrest and the initiation of ECMO.

Objective:To develop habitat radiomics models to predict early treatment responses to the hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) combined with targeted therapy or immunotherapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients, and to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:From October 2021 to Decemeber 2023, at Army Characteristic Medical Center of PLA (Chongqing Daping Hospital) and the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 94 patients with advanced HCC who received HAIC combined with targeted therapy or immunotherapy were retrospectively enrolled. According to the treatment results, the patients were divided into response group and non-response group. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed to analyze the clinical data of the patients. Based on contrast-enhanced CT images, tumor habitats were delineated and habitat features were extracted with k-means clustering, and the imaging features of arterial and venous phases were also extracted. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used for dimensionality reduction. Feature selection was performed using LASSO to reduce dimensions, and then the selected features were further refined through stepwise logistic regression analysis.Binary logistic regression models were conducted to develop the habitat radiomics model, arterial phase radiomics model (APRM), venous phase radiomics model (VPRM), clinical data model, as well as the combination of radiomics model and clinical data model to predict early treatment (after 2 treatment cycles) response. Receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) were plotted, and model performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve. The models were validated through Bootstrap methods (1 000 times). DeLong test was used to compare AUC values.Results:The results of cluster analysis identified 3 characteristic habitats in HCC imaging: low-, medium-, and high-enhancement tumor habitats. The proportion of high-enhancement habitats was higher than that in the non-response group. A predictive model was established based on the proportions of these 3 habitats. Based on the proportion of low-, medium-, and high-enhancement habitats within the tumor, a habitat radiomics model was constructed. After LASSO selection and logistic regression analysis, 3 arterial phase and 3 venous phase radiomic features were selected to build the APRM and VPRM, respectively. Logistic regression analysis identified the following factors for the clinical data model: comorbidities ( OR=0.275, P=0.031), maximum tumor diameter ( OR=1.149, P=0.019), red blood cell count ( OR=0.463, P=0.022), alpha fetoprotein >400 μg/L ( OR=3.452, P=0.017), and tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy ( OR=3.072, P=0.048). Among the single predictive model′s comparison, the AUC of habitat radiomics model was 0.860 (95% confidence interval(95% CI): 0.789 to 0.932), while those of the APRM、VPRM and clinical data model were 0.850 (95% CI: 0.773 to 0.926), 0.855 (95% CI: 0.782 to 0.928), and 0.774 (95% CI: 0.681 to 0.867), respectively, and there were no statistically significant among these models (all P>0.05). Among the combination models, the AUC of the habitat rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.881 (95% CI: 0.814 to 0.947); the AUC of arterial phase rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.897 (95% CI: 0.833 to 0.961); and the AUC of venous phase rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.888 (95% CI: 0.826 to 0.951), but there were no statistically significant among the 3 models (all P>0.05). The calibration curve showed that the habitat rediomic-clinical data combination model had the most accurate predictive probability. Internal validation showed that the AUC of habitat rediomic-clinical data combination model was 0.848 (95% CI: 0.772 to 0.922), and the predictive performance was better than that of the clinical-data model (0.733 (95% CI: 0.670 to 0.863)). Conclusion:The habitat radiomics model based on enhanced CT can effectively predict early treatment responses to the HAIC combined with targeted therapy or immunotherapy in advanced HCC patients, which provides theoretical basis for individualized treatment in advanced HCC.

Background::Histological healing is closely associated with improved long-term clinical outcomes and lowered relapses in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we developed a novel diagnostic criterion for assessing histological healing in UC patients.Methods::We conducted a retrospective cohort study in UC patients, whose treatment was iteratively optimized to achieve mucosal healing at Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University from January 2017 to May 2022. We identified an inflammatory cell enumeration index (ICEI) for assessing histological healing based on the proportions of eosinophils, CD177 + neutrophils, and CD40L + T cells in the colonic lamina propria under high power field (HPF), and the outcomes (risks of symptomatic relapses) of achieving histological remission vs. persistent histological inflammation using Kaplan-Meier curves. Intrareader reliability and inter-reader reliability were evaluated by each reader. The relationships to the changes in the Nancy index and the Geboes score were also assessed for responsiveness. The ICEI was further validated in a new cohort of UC patients from other nine university hospitals. Results::We developed an ICEI for clinical diagnosis of histological healing, i.e., Y = 1.701X 1 + 0.758X 2 + 1.347X 3 - 7.745 (X 1, X 2, and X 3 represent the proportions of CD177 + neutrophils, eosinophils, and CD40L + T cells, respectively, in the colonic lamina propria under HPF). The receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analysis revealed that Y <-0.391 was the cutoff value for the diagnosis of histological healing and that an area under the curve (AUC) was 0.942 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.905-0.979) with a sensitivity of 92.5% and a specificity of 83.6% ( P <0.001). The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for the intrareader reliability was 0.855 (95% CI: 0.781-0.909), and ICEI had good inter-reader reliability of 0.832 (95% CI: 0.748-0.894). During an 18-month follow-up, patients with histological healing had a substantially better outcome compared with those with unachieved histological healing ( P <0.001) using ICEI. During a 12-month follow-up from other nine hospitals, patients with histological healing also had a lower risk of relapse than patients with unachieved histological healing. Conclusions::ICEI can be used to predict histological healing and identify patients with a risk of relapse 12 months and 18 months after clinical therapy. Therefore, ICEI provides a promising, simplified approach to monitor histological healing and to predict the prognosis of UC.Registration::Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, No. ChiCTR2300077792.

Objective To investigate the population distribution of intermediate host snails and crabs of Paragonimus along the Jiulongjiang River, Zhangjiang River, and Dongxi River basins in Bopingling Mountain, southern Fujian Province, so as to provide baseline data for researches on parasitic disease prevention and control and enlargement of samples in the parasitic resource bank. Methods A total of 23 villages in 8 counties (districts) along the Jiulong River, Zhangjiang River, and Dongxi River basins in Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province were selected as survey sites during the period from November 2020 through March 2023, and snail and freshwater crabs were sampled from 1 to 3 streams and ditches neighboring residential areas in each village. Morphological identification of snails was performed according to the external morphological characteristics of collected snail shells, and the unidentified snail species sampled from the natural foci of paragonimiasis in Yunxiao County were subjected to se-quence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene. The crab species was identified by observing the morphological characteristics of the terminal segment of the first pleopod of male crabs, and Paragonimus cercariae and metacercariae were detected in collected snails. Results The shells of the unidentified snails sampled from the natural foci of paragonimiasis in Yunxiao County were approximately 50 mm in height and 18 mm in width, thick and solid, long tower cone-shaped, and had 8 to 10 whorls. CO1 gene sequence analysis identified the snail species as Sulcospira hainanensis. A total of 6 freshwater snail species belonging to 5 genera within 3 families, identified 23 survey sites, including Semisulcospira libertina, Paludomus zhangchouensis and S. hainanensis that belonged to the Family Pleurceridae, Tricula fujianensis and T. huaanensis that belonged to the subfamily Triculinae, Family Pomatiopsidae, and Melanoides tuberculata (Family Thiaridae), and 11 species of freshwater crabs belonging to 5 genera within 2 families were identified, including Sinopotamon genus of S. jianglense, S. pinheense, and S. zhangzhouense, Huananpotamon genus of H. planopodum and H. zhangzhouense, Nanhaipotamon genus of N. huaanense and N. longhaiense, and Minpotamon genus of M. nasicum and M. auritum that belonged to the Family Potamidae, and Somanniathelphusa genus of S. huaanensis and S. zhangpuensis (Family Parathelphusidae). In addition, the prevalence of P. westermani cercariae infections was 0.08% (2/2 317) in P. zhangchouensis from Danyan Village in Changtai District and 0.09% (1/1 039) in S. hainanensis from Jinkeng Village in Yunxiao County, and the prevalence of P. westermani metacercariae infections was 25.81% (8/31) in S. jianglense from Danyan Village in Changtai District, and 26.31% (5/19) in S. zhangzhouense from Jinkeng Village in Yunxiao County, respectively. Conclusions There is a population diversity in the intermediate host snails and crabs along the Jiulongjiang River, Zhangjiang River, and Dongxi River basins in Bopingling Mountain, southern Fujian Province, and P. zhangzhouensis and S. hainanensis are, for the first time, confirmed as the first intermediate hosts of P. westermani.

The ultrasonic manifestations of benign and malignant breast imaging-reporting and data system(BI-RADS)4 lesions overlap in some degrees,is able to result in unnecessary biopsy or untimely therapy.Accurate classifying the nature of BI-RADS 4 breast lesions can provide reliable references for clinical decision-making.The progresses of application of new ultrasonic technologies,including automated breast volume scanner,superb micro-vascular imaging,elastography,contrast-enhanced ultrasound and artificial intelligence for assisting diagnosis of BI-RADS 4 lesions were reviewed in this article.

Benzoinum has a long history of medicinal use. In order to standardize its clinical use， the author made systematic textual research on the name， origin， evolution of scientific name， producing area， property， quality evaluation， harvesting and processing of Benzoinum by reviewing the ancient materia medica， medical books and modern literature. According to the research， the mainstream variety of Benzoinum recorded in ancient materia medica should be the dry resin of Styrax tonkinensis of Styracaceae. In addition to S. benzoin， which was also used in many applications. In modern times， S. benzoin was the mainstream， but in practice， it was mostly the resin of various plants of the genus Styrax， and then S. tonkinensis and S. benzoides were recorded as the main sources of Benzoinum. Nowadays， it mainly comes from S. tonkinensis. In ancient times， the producing areas of Benzoinum were Persia， Xirong， Annan and other places， whereas now are distributed in Indonesia， Sumatra， Thailand， Vietnam， and Fujian， Guizhou， Yunnan， Guangxi， Guangdong and other places in China， but most of the medicinal materials in China are imported. Traditionally， the medicinal materials of Benzoinum with properties of oily， waxy luster， brittle and fragile， strong aroma， sand feeling when chewing and no impurities are considered better. In antiquity， the harvesting time of Benzoinum was concentrated in July and August， while in modern times， it is harvested in summer and autumn， and collected in various ways， usually the trees are selected to be harvested if they are more than 10 years old， and the best quality being the first， milky resin collected when the time of cutting the trees is from April to June. In the past dynasties， the powdered resin was mainly ground and used in formulas， in addition， there were also records of wine steaming into paste and processing with honey， etc. The 1953 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia added records such as sevum benzoinatum and adeps benzoinatus， and now it is mostly used as powder into pills or powers， or used after processing with wine. Based on the results of textual research， it is suggested that although the dry resin of S. benzoin is not a medicinal variety of Benzoinum included in the 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia， it has a long history of application and has some clinical value， so its medicinal feasibility can be explored in depth. In the development of famous classical formulas containing Benzoinum， the dry resin of S. tonkinensis or S. benzoin can be used， which should be used in medicine as powder after dried or processed according to the requirements of prescriptions.

The oral and maxillofacial region contains oral organs and facial soft tissues. Due to the complexity of the structures and functions of this region, the repair of related defects is complicated. Different degrees of defects require different repair methods, which involve a great combination of medicine and art, and the material requirements are extremely high. Hence, clinicians are plagued by contemporary oral repair materials due to the limitations of bone harvesting, immune rejection, low osteogenic activity and other problems. Decellularized extracellular matrix has attracted much attention as a bioactive scaffold material because of its nonimmunogenic properties, good osteogenic properties, slow release of growth factors, promotion of seed cell adhesion and maintenance of stem cell characteristics. This article reviews the sources, preparation methods, application and research progress of extracellular matrix materials in the repair of oral and maxillofacial defects to provide an overview for fundamental research and clinical development.

The organoid is a kind of distinctive micro-organ formed by stem cells with the ability of self-renewal, which can be cultured in three-dimensional scaffold in vitro. With the development of cell culture system, organoids have been gradually applied in researches such as in vitro organ model establishment, drug testing and even the repairing or replacing damage organs. It shows significantly promising prospects. This review article aims to summarize the latest research progress and provide the theoretical foundation and prospects for the development of organoids in stomatology.