The identification of constitutional types in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a crucial component in realizing the concept of"treatment before the onset of disease".In recent years,the"Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire"has been employed as a standardized tool and has achieved notable success in the field of TCM constitution identification.However,there remains scope for further enhancement of its validity and applicability.Techniques for identifying TCM constitutions based on multidimensional phenotypes continue to emerge,yet a universally applicable constitutional determination model has yet to be established.We propose three research and development directions:The self-assessment questionnaires,the non-invasive point-of-care testing models based on TCM constitution phenotype,and the multidimensional phenotype-based constitution identification platforms.By way of an example,we outline specific developmental ideas with a focus on TCM constitution identification technology based on the analysis of exhaled breath.

Objective:To analyze the changes of serum metabolites in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) by non-targeted metabolomics method.Methods:Serum samples and clinical data of 15 AP patients hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from August to September 2024 were collected and included in the AP group, including 9 males and 6 females, aged (55.4±15.3) years. The serum and clinical data of 25 patients with colon polyps in the same hospital during the same period of time were collected, including 15 males and 10 females, aged (61.2±11.5) years, and were included in the control group. Serum metabolomic detection was performed using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem Fourier transform mass spectrometer. The modeling method was orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis, and principal component analysis was performed on the data matrix to screen the differential metabolites in serum of AP patients. The Kyoto Encyclopedia database of Genes and Genomes was used to annotate differential metabolites, and the pathway of differential metabolite enrichment was analyzed by software.Results:The principal component analysis showed that the contribution ratio of the first principal component was 15.1%, the proportion of the second principal component was 10.8%, and the total proportion of the two was 25.9%. In principal component analysis, two groups of samples can be clearly distinguished and show obvious clustering characteristics. According to the analysis of OPLS-DA model, there were significant differences in serum metabolic profiles between AP group and control group. There were 683 differentially expressed metabolites between the two groups, with 367 differentially expressed metabolites up-regulated compared with the control group and 316 differentially expressed metabolites down-regulated compared with the control group. It is mainly Phosphatidic Acid (Lte4/8: 0) (+ 218%), Omeprazole Sulphone (-38%), and 2-(Propylthio) Nicotinic Acid (2-propyl thionicotinic acid) (-58%), Gein (salicyricetin) (-47%) and so on. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differential metabolites in AP patients were mainly concentrated in citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways.Conclusion:Serum metabolites in AP patients change significantly, including citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Objective Under the guidance of the Social Ecosystems Theory(SET)framework,this study explores the experience of social isolation among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),providing a basis for the development of targeted clinical interventions.Methods This study employed purposeful sampling methods.Semi-structured interviews were conducted from April to July 2024 with patients diagnosed with COPD at a tertiary hospital in Shanxi Province,China,who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method and NVivo 12.0 software.Results This study involved in-depth interviews with 15 patients suffering from COPD,totaling approximately 405 minutes of interview time and yielding over 40,000 words in transcribed text.Totally 3 main themes and 9 sub-themes were distilled,among which the microsystem level reflects the intricate interplay of individual experiences(physical functional limitations,severe negative emotions,heightened emotional imbalance,and weakened social roles);the mesosystem level pertains to the support and challenges from family and social networks(intense need for familial emotional support,widening social gaps in interactions with friends and relatives,and pronounced interpersonal communication barriers);the macrosystem level involves the integrated influence of societal and policy environments(restricted living conditions and urgent demands for policy support and service accessibility).Conclusion The social isolation experienced by patients with COPD manifests in multiple dimensions of experience.It is necessary to develop interdisciplinary and multi-level comprehensive intervention strategies for the future,to create more social opportunities and emotional connections for patients,thereby improving their quality of life.

Objective Under the guidance of the Social Ecosystems Theory(SET)framework,this study explores the experience of social isolation among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),providing a basis for the development of targeted clinical interventions.Methods This study employed purposeful sampling methods.Semi-structured interviews were conducted from April to July 2024 with patients diagnosed with COPD at a tertiary hospital in Shanxi Province,China,who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step analysis method and NVivo 12.0 software.Results This study involved in-depth interviews with 15 patients suffering from COPD,totaling approximately 405 minutes of interview time and yielding over 40,000 words in transcribed text.Totally 3 main themes and 9 sub-themes were distilled,among which the microsystem level reflects the intricate interplay of individual experiences(physical functional limitations,severe negative emotions,heightened emotional imbalance,and weakened social roles);the mesosystem level pertains to the support and challenges from family and social networks(intense need for familial emotional support,widening social gaps in interactions with friends and relatives,and pronounced interpersonal communication barriers);the macrosystem level involves the integrated influence of societal and policy environments(restricted living conditions and urgent demands for policy support and service accessibility).Conclusion The social isolation experienced by patients with COPD manifests in multiple dimensions of experience.It is necessary to develop interdisciplinary and multi-level comprehensive intervention strategies for the future,to create more social opportunities and emotional connections for patients,thereby improving their quality of life.

The identification of constitutional types in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is a crucial component in realizing the concept of"treatment before the onset of disease".In recent years,the"Constitution in Chinese Medicine Questionnaire"has been employed as a standardized tool and has achieved notable success in the field of TCM constitution identification.However,there remains scope for further enhancement of its validity and applicability.Techniques for identifying TCM constitutions based on multidimensional phenotypes continue to emerge,yet a universally applicable constitutional determination model has yet to be established.We propose three research and development directions:The self-assessment questionnaires,the non-invasive point-of-care testing models based on TCM constitution phenotype,and the multidimensional phenotype-based constitution identification platforms.By way of an example,we outline specific developmental ideas with a focus on TCM constitution identification technology based on the analysis of exhaled breath.

Objective:To analyze the changes of serum metabolites in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) by non-targeted metabolomics method.Methods:Serum samples and clinical data of 15 AP patients hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University from August to September 2024 were collected and included in the AP group, including 9 males and 6 females, aged (55.4±15.3) years. The serum and clinical data of 25 patients with colon polyps in the same hospital during the same period of time were collected, including 15 males and 10 females, aged (61.2±11.5) years, and were included in the control group. Serum metabolomic detection was performed using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem Fourier transform mass spectrometer. The modeling method was orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis, and principal component analysis was performed on the data matrix to screen the differential metabolites in serum of AP patients. The Kyoto Encyclopedia database of Genes and Genomes was used to annotate differential metabolites, and the pathway of differential metabolite enrichment was analyzed by software.Results:The principal component analysis showed that the contribution ratio of the first principal component was 15.1%, the proportion of the second principal component was 10.8%, and the total proportion of the two was 25.9%. In principal component analysis, two groups of samples can be clearly distinguished and show obvious clustering characteristics. According to the analysis of OPLS-DA model, there were significant differences in serum metabolic profiles between AP group and control group. There were 683 differentially expressed metabolites between the two groups, with 367 differentially expressed metabolites up-regulated compared with the control group and 316 differentially expressed metabolites down-regulated compared with the control group. It is mainly Phosphatidic Acid (Lte4/8: 0) (+ 218%), Omeprazole Sulphone (-38%), and 2-(Propylthio) Nicotinic Acid (2-propyl thionicotinic acid) (-58%), Gein (salicyricetin) (-47%) and so on. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that the differential metabolites in AP patients were mainly concentrated in citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways.Conclusion:Serum metabolites in AP patients change significantly, including citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism.

Objective To study the clinical and CT findings of bronchiolar adenoma. Methods Patients diagnosed with bronchiolar adenoma confirmed by surgical pathology at Linyi People's Hospital and Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital from 2016 to 2021 were collected. Their clinical and CT imaging features were retrospectively analyzed. Results Finally, 25 patients were collected, including 6 males and 19 females, aged 32-73 (58.6±10.1) years. The immunohistochemical Ki-67 (MIB1) of all lesions was <5%. The lesions were located in the upper and middle lobe of both lungs in 9 patients, lower lobes in 16 patients, extrapulmonary zone in 22 patients, intrapulmonary middle zone in 3 patients, round in 11 patients, irregular in 14 patients, well-defined in 22 patients, pure ground-glass/mixed ground-glass nodules in 6 patients, solid nodules in 19 patients. There were 11 patients with central small cavity, 18 patients with single bronchioles sign, 19 patients without adhesion with adjacent pleura, and 24 patients without mediastinal lymph node enlargement. Conclusion Bronchiolar adenomas usually occur in the middle-aged and elderly, mostly in the lower lobe of both lungs and the distribution of the peripheral lung field, most of the patients do not have any clinical symptoms, and the postoperative prognosis is good. CT may show large nodules or masses, pure ground-glass/mixed ground-glass nodules, irregular solid nodules and central small cavities. Irregular stellate nodules, central small cavity shadow, and single bronchiolar vascular bundle connected with the lesions are relatively specific imaging findings of bronchiolar adenoma.

Objectives:To observe the exercise tolerance and cardiopulmonary function characteristics of patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) combined with cardiovascular disease,in order to assess the cardiorespiratory reserve and health status of untreated OSAHS,and to provide a clinical evidence for the phase Ⅱ cardiac rehabilitation. Methods:This retrospective analysis included 134 cardiovascular disease patients who attended the Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Fuwai Hospital,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from November 2021 to April 2024 and received home sleep apnea monitoring (HSAT).According to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI),the patients were divided into the non-OSAHS (AHI<5 times/h) group (n=24),the mild-OSAHS (5 times/h ≤AHI<15 times/h) group (n=65),and moderate-to-severe OSAHS (AHI ≥15 times/h) group (n=45),and the body composition,pulmonary function characteristics,exercise tolerance,and ventilatory response to exercise were compared among the three groups. Results:A total of 110 (82.1％) patients had comorbid OSAHS,with a higher proportion of male patients (80.0％).Height,weight,body mass index,lean body mass,skeletal muscle mass,body water content,and basal metabolic rate increased progressively with increasing OSAHS severity in three groups (all P<0.05),while cardiovascular disease comorbidity was similar.Static lung function,exercise tolerance and ventilatory function at maximal exercise were similar between the patients in the mild OSAHS group and the moderate-severe OSAHS group as compared to the non-OSAHS group (all P>0.05).With the increase in the severity of OSAHS,the cardiorespiratory fitness showed a decreasing trend among patients in the three groups,and the forced vital capacity and the maximum vital capacity of patients in the moderate-severe OSAHS group were significantly higher than that of the mild OSAHS group,while peak O2 pulse％pred was significantly lower than that of the mild OSAHS group (all P<0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that the body fat mass (β=0.307,95％CI:0.263-0.823,P<0.001),minute ventilation at rest (β=0.259,95％CI:0.429-1.785,P=0.002) were the independent influencing factors of AHI. Conclusions:The prevalence of OSAHS is high in patients with cardiovascular disease,and patients with moderate-to-severe OSAHS have reduced cardiorespiratory fitness,OSAHS is not associated with additional cardiac impairment and ventilatory function impairment in patients with cardiovascular disease.Weight loss should be the primary rehabilitation goal in patients with OSAHS combined with cardiovascular disease.

Objective:Analysis of the characteristics of influenza epidemic in Anhui Province and quantification of the impact of different factors on influenza occurrence, providing scientific basis for better influenza prevention and control.Methods:Descriptive analysis and factor analysis were conducted on influenza-like illness (ILI) cases and RT-PCR results in Anhui Province from 2013 to 2021 using data from China's Influenza Monitoring Information System.Results:The percentage of influenza-like illness (ILI%) of sentinel hospitals in Anhui Province from April 1, 2013 to March 31, 2021 was 3.80% (1 209 142/31 779 987), showing an overall increasing trend, with a relatively high proportion in 2017-2018 at 4.30% (191 148/4 448 211). The proportion of ILI cases in infants and young children aged 0-4 years was a relatively high at 54.14% (654 676/1 209 142), and the highest ILI% was observed in Fuyang City, Anhui Province (6.25%, 236 863/3 788 863). Laboratory monitoring results showed that the positive rate of ILI cases in sentinel hospitals in 8 influenza monitoring years was 16.38% (34 868/212 912), showing an increasing trend year by year, with a relatively proportion in 2017-2018 at 26.19% (6 936/26 488). The detection rate of school-age children aged 5-14 years was a relativelyhigh at 28.81% (13 869/48 144), and the positive rate was a relatively high in Wuhu City among the 16 cities, reaching 22.01% (2 693/122 237). Influenza activity showed a single peak in winter-spring and alternating double peaks in winter-spring and summer, with different subtypes alternating, and A (H3N2) was the dominant subtype in summer. The results of a multiple logistic regression model showed that the positive rate was higher in 2017-2018, among children aged 5-14 years, in winter, and in southern Anhui.Conclusions:Influenza epidemic in Anhui Province has a clear seasonal pattern, and the ILI% and detection rate have shown an upward trend from 2013 to 2021. Therefore, it is suggested to ensure vaccine supply before the winter-spring influenza season arrives, and to strengthen vaccine uptake and health education to avoid the risk of infection during the peak period of influenza.

Objective To evaluate opioids utilization of cancer ached inpatients in the integrative traditional Chinese and western medicine hospital and provide suggestion for the rational utilization of opioids .Method DDDs ,DUI ,the distribution of cancer pain ,pain scores of the discharged patients and the utility of opioids were evaluated and analyzed by retrieving the medi-cal records from January in 2013 to December in 2014 .Results 292 medical records were selected and analyzed .Among them , 89 patients′pain score≥3 .The top opioids of DDDs were sufentanil citrate injection and fentanyl derivatives ,which is the main medication in treating the cancer pain patients .And the irrationaluseof fentanyl transdermal system was a common phenomenon among different departments .Conclusion Theutilization of opioids was basically rational ,but there still had some deficiencies . The intervention and management of narcotic drugs should be strengthened and deepened .