Objective:To discuss the efficacy of temporomandibular joint disc anchoring(TMJDA)in the treatment of anterior disc displacement without reduction(ADDWoR)from clinical and imaging perspectives,in order to improve the clinicians'understanding of this surgical approach.Methods:Twenty-one ADDWoR patients who underwent TMJDA were retrospectively collected,involving a total of 25 temporomandibular joints(TMJs).The maximum mouth opening,visual analogue scale(VAS)score for pain,and Helkimo index were measured preoperatively,1 month postoperatively,and 6 months postoperatively in all the patients.Postoperative complications and satisfaction questionnaires were designed for the patients to self-evaluate the efficacy,and their magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)findings were assessed.Results:Compared with preoperative period,the maximum mouth opening at 1 month and 6 months postoperatively was significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with 1 month postoperatively,the maximum mouth opening at 6 months postoperatively was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with preoperative period,the VAS scores at 1 month and 6 months postoperatively were significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with 1 month postoperatively,the VAS score at 6 months postoperatively was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Compared with preoperative period,the percentages of the patients with Di 0 and DiⅠ scores were significantly increased(P<0.05),while those with DiⅡand DiⅢ scores were significantly decreased(P<0.05),indicating significant improvement in TMJ function after surgery.Among the 21 ADDWoR patients,14(66.67%)were satisfied and 7(33.33%)were basically satisfied.Compared with preoperative period,the disc length was significantly increased postoperatively(P<0.01),while no significant difference was observed in condylar height(P>0.05);all displaced discs were repositioned postoperatively;among the 25 joints,23(92.00%)were evaluated as"excellent"and 2(8.00%)were evaluated as"good".No patients experienced postoperative facial nerve injury,local alopecia,surgical area depression,salivary fistula,or Frey syndrome;3 patients(3 joints)developed numbness in the preauricular area within 24 hours postoperatively,which resolved by the 6-month follow-up.Conclusion:TMJDA for the treatment of ADDWoR can stably reposition the disc,significantly improve mouth opening and pain levels,with a low incidence of postoperative complications.

OBJECTIVE To establish a preparation method for Phellodendrine-11-O-β-D-glucuronide(M1),a metabolite of Phellodendrine(PHE),and to evaluate its regulatory effects on glycolipid metabolism disorder in insulin-resistant HepG2(IR-HepG2)cells.METHODS The preparation,extraction,separation,purification and identification of M1 were completed by in vitro incuba-tion of intestinal microsomes combined with liquid phase,mass spectrometry and NMR.With Metformin as positive control,IR-HepG2 cells were treated with low(25 μmol·L-1),medium(50 μmol·L-1)and high(100 μmol·L-1)doses of M1 for 24 h.Glucose con-sumption,glucose uptake,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were quantified.The binding ability of M1 to the key targets INSR,IRS1,PI3K and AKT2 in the IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway was explored through molecular docking technology.The effects of M1 on the mRNA and protein expression of these key targets in the IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway were detected by qPCR and Western blot,respectively.RESULTS The purified product was confirmed by NMR as Phellodendrine-11-O-β-D-glucuronide(95%purity).Compared to the model group,all M1 do-ses significantly enhanced glucose consumption(P<0.01,P<0.001)and uptake(P<0.001)in IR-HepG2 cells,outperforming PHE(P<0.001).At medium and high doses,it could significantly reduce the content of TG and TC in cells(P<0.001),and its improve-ment effect at the TG level was better than that of PHE(P<0.01);while all concentrations decreased LDL-C(P<0.001)and in-creased HDL-C(P<0.01,P<0.001).Molecular docking revealed strong binding interactions between M1 and INSR,IRS1,PI3K,and AKT2.Compared with the model group,M1 administration group increased the expression of INSR,IRS1,PI3K,AKT2,and GLUT2 mRNA to varying degrees,downregulated the protein expression of p-IRS1/IRS1(P<0.001),and upregulated the protein ex-pression of PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,and p-GSK3β/GSK3β.CONCLUSION The established protocol enables high purity M1 prepara-tion.M1 alleviates IR by regulating IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to improve the disorder of glycolipid metabolism.

Objective:To explore the correlation between perfusion parameters of multi-slice spiral CT and serum costimulating molecules B7 family 3(B7-H3), alpha-fetoprotein anisoplast 3(AFP-L3) and its diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:Fifty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma admitted to the Huzhou First People′s Hospital from May 2021 to May 2022 (study group) and 40 healthy subjects who participated in physical examination during the same period (control group) were retrospectively selected as the study objects. Perfusion imaging parameters of multi-slice spiral CT and serum B7-H3 and AFP-L3 levels were compared between the two groups. Pearson test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the correlation between perfusion parameters of multi-slice spiral CT and serum B7-H3 and AFP-L3 levels and its diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma.Results:The levels of blood flow (BF), hepatic artery perfusion (AP), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT) and serum levels of B7-H3 and AFP-L3 in the study group were higher than those in the control group: (213.72 ± 35.01) ml/(100 g·min) vs. (126.17 ± 14.01) ml/(100 g·min), (152.37 ± 30.45) ml/(100 g·min) vs. (18.21 ± 1.21) ml/(100 g·min), (25.89 ± 3.01) ml/(100 g·min) vs. (23.62 ± 2.37) ml/(100 g·min), (19.32 ± 3.58) s vs. (5.12 ± 1.03) s, (401.35 ± 42.37) ng/L vs. (221.38 ± 23.01) ng/L, (353.47 ± 40.35) mg/L vs. (291.12 ± 23.45) mg/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The results of Pearson test showed that BF, AP, BV, MTT were positively correlated with serum B7-H3 and AFP-L3 levels in hepatocellular carcinoma patients ( P<0.05). ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of BF, AP, BV and MTT combined diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was higher than that of single index ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Multi-slice spiral CT perfusion parameters BF, AP, BV, MTT and serum levels of B7-H3, AFP-L3 are increase and have positively correlated in the hepatocellular carcinoma patients, and multi-slice spiral CT perfusion parameters have high diagnostic value for hepatocellular carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE To establish a preparation method for Phellodendrine-11-O-β-D-glucuronide(M1),a metabolite of Phellodendrine(PHE),and to evaluate its regulatory effects on glycolipid metabolism disorder in insulin-resistant HepG2(IR-HepG2)cells.METHODS The preparation,extraction,separation,purification and identification of M1 were completed by in vitro incuba-tion of intestinal microsomes combined with liquid phase,mass spectrometry and NMR.With Metformin as positive control,IR-HepG2 cells were treated with low(25 μmol·L-1),medium(50 μmol·L-1)and high(100 μmol·L-1)doses of M1 for 24 h.Glucose con-sumption,glucose uptake,triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)were quantified.The binding ability of M1 to the key targets INSR,IRS1,PI3K and AKT2 in the IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway was explored through molecular docking technology.The effects of M1 on the mRNA and protein expression of these key targets in the IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway were detected by qPCR and Western blot,respectively.RESULTS The purified product was confirmed by NMR as Phellodendrine-11-O-β-D-glucuronide(95%purity).Compared to the model group,all M1 do-ses significantly enhanced glucose consumption(P<0.01,P<0.001)and uptake(P<0.001)in IR-HepG2 cells,outperforming PHE(P<0.001).At medium and high doses,it could significantly reduce the content of TG and TC in cells(P<0.001),and its improve-ment effect at the TG level was better than that of PHE(P<0.01);while all concentrations decreased LDL-C(P<0.001)and in-creased HDL-C(P<0.01,P<0.001).Molecular docking revealed strong binding interactions between M1 and INSR,IRS1,PI3K,and AKT2.Compared with the model group,M1 administration group increased the expression of INSR,IRS1,PI3K,AKT2,and GLUT2 mRNA to varying degrees,downregulated the protein expression of p-IRS1/IRS1(P<0.001),and upregulated the protein ex-pression of PI3K,p-AKT/AKT,and p-GSK3β/GSK3β.CONCLUSION The established protocol enables high purity M1 prepara-tion.M1 alleviates IR by regulating IRS1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to improve the disorder of glycolipid metabolism.

Objective:To explore the correlation between perfusion parameters of multi-slice spiral CT and serum costimulating molecules B7 family 3(B7-H3), alpha-fetoprotein anisoplast 3(AFP-L3) and its diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods:Fifty patients with hepatocellular carcinoma admitted to the Huzhou First People′s Hospital from May 2021 to May 2022 (study group) and 40 healthy subjects who participated in physical examination during the same period (control group) were retrospectively selected as the study objects. Perfusion imaging parameters of multi-slice spiral CT and serum B7-H3 and AFP-L3 levels were compared between the two groups. Pearson test and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were used to analyze the correlation between perfusion parameters of multi-slice spiral CT and serum B7-H3 and AFP-L3 levels and its diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma.Results:The levels of blood flow (BF), hepatic artery perfusion (AP), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT) and serum levels of B7-H3 and AFP-L3 in the study group were higher than those in the control group: (213.72 ± 35.01) ml/(100 g·min) vs. (126.17 ± 14.01) ml/(100 g·min), (152.37 ± 30.45) ml/(100 g·min) vs. (18.21 ± 1.21) ml/(100 g·min), (25.89 ± 3.01) ml/(100 g·min) vs. (23.62 ± 2.37) ml/(100 g·min), (19.32 ± 3.58) s vs. (5.12 ± 1.03) s, (401.35 ± 42.37) ng/L vs. (221.38 ± 23.01) ng/L, (353.47 ± 40.35) mg/L vs. (291.12 ± 23.45) mg/L, there were statistical differences ( P<0.05). The results of Pearson test showed that BF, AP, BV, MTT were positively correlated with serum B7-H3 and AFP-L3 levels in hepatocellular carcinoma patients ( P<0.05). ROC curve analysis results showed that the area under the curve of BF, AP, BV and MTT combined diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma was higher than that of single index ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Multi-slice spiral CT perfusion parameters BF, AP, BV, MTT and serum levels of B7-H3, AFP-L3 are increase and have positively correlated in the hepatocellular carcinoma patients, and multi-slice spiral CT perfusion parameters have high diagnostic value for hepatocellular carcinoma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect and mechanism of echinacoside （ECH） in improving liver injury in rats with acute pancreatitis by establishing a rat model of acute pancreatitis and liver injury. MethodsA total of 24 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into blank group （Con group）， control group （Con+ECH group）， acute pancreatitis group （AP group）， and acute pancreatitis+ECH intervention （AP+ECH group）. The rats were given intraperitoneal injection of 10 mg/kg ECH on day 7 before the establishment of the model of acute pancreatitis； at 24 hours after the last administration of cerulein， blood samples were collected via the abdominal aorta， and serum was separated for biochemical analysis including alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， lactate dehydrogenase （LDH）， gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase （GGT）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， albumin （Alb）， total bilirubin （TBil）， cholinesterase， blood amylase （Amy）， and lipase （LPS）. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of the pancreas and the liver； transmission electron microscopy （TEM） was used to observe the microstructural changes of pancreas and liver tissue； ELISA was used to measure the levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-16 （IL-6）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in liver tissue homogenate； immunohistochemistry was used to measure the levels of TNF-α and p-p65 NF-κB in pancreas and liver tissue； Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of NF-κB pathway proteins in liver tissue. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the SNK test or the Dunnett’s T3 method was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsCompared with the Con group， the AP group had significant increases in ALT， AST， GGT， LDH， ALP， TBil， Amy， and LPS （all P<0.01）， as well as significant increases in the levels of IL-1β， IL-6， IL-10， and TNF-α in liver tissue homogenate （all P<0.01）. ECH intervention reduced the levels of ALT， AST， GGT， LDH， ALP， TBil， AMY， and LPS and inhibited the secretion of IL-1β， IL-6， and TNF-α in rats with acute pancreatitis. HE staining showed that ECH intervention alleviated the vacuolar degeneration of acinar cells， inflammatory cell infiltration in pancreatic tissue， and the necrosis of hepatocytes compared with the AP group. TEM showed that compared with the AP group， there was a reduction in the degree of mitochondrial swelling in liver and pancreatic cells after ECH intervention. ECH intervention partially reversed the elevated expression levels of p-p65 NF-κB and TNF-α in liver and pancreatic tissue. In addition， the expression levels of MyD88， p-IκBα， p-IKKα， and p-p65 were upregulated in liver tissue of rats with acute pancreatitis， which could be partially reversed after ECH intervention. ConclusionEchinacoside can alleviate liver and pancreatic injury induced by acute pancreatitis by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Objective:To select the differential prognostic lactic acid metabolism-related genes(LRGs)of the head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)to construct the LRGs prognostic model of HNSCC,and to clarify the potential mechanism.Methods:The HNSCC gene expression and clinical data were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)Databases,the LRGs were identified through GeneCards Database,and R software was used to screen out the LRGs of HNSCC;univariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognosis-related genes;two different subtypes were identified based on the prognostis-related LRGs;Kaplan-Meier(K-M)curve analysis was used to compare the prognosis of the patients between two groups;CIBERSORT algorithm was used to perform the immuno-correlation analysis between two groups;multivariate Cox regression analysis and LASSO regression analysis were used to construct the prognostic model;receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)and K-M survival curve were used to assess the relationship between LRGs and survival and prognosis of the HNSCC patients.The prognostic model was validated by GSE27020,GSE41613,and GSE65858 datasets.The experiment were grouped based on risk score,and immune-related analysis and tumor score analysis were performed.Results:The TCGA Database differential analysis results showed that 1 196 LRGs were identified from HNSCC samples;univariate Cox regression analysis selected 27 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)associated with the prognosis of the HNSCC patients.Two different LRGs subtypes(Group 1 and Group 2)were identified according to the prognosis-related genes.The K-M survival curves results showed that the overall survival(OS)of the patients in Group 2 was significantly higher than that in Group 1,and the immune cell expression amount of the patients in Group 2 was also higher than that in group 1.The multivariate Cox regression and LASSO regression analysis results screened out 9 LRGs,including hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1(HPRT1),amyloid precursor protein(APP),glycogen phosphorylase L(PYGL),urokinase-type plasminogen activator(PLAU),cannabinoid receptor 2(CNR2),stanniocalcin 2(STC2),nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 1(NLRP1),integrin-linked kinase(ILK),and forkhead box B1(FOXB1);the prognostic model was constructed.The K-M and ROC curve results indicated that the expression levels of above 9 genes were associated with the survival and prognosis of the HNSCC patients,providing good 1-year,2-year,and 3-year survival prediction effect,and the area under ROC curve(AUC)values were all greater than 0.650.Furthermore,the predictive ability of the prognosis model was validated in GSE27020,GSE41613,and GSE65858 datasets.The patients classified based on the risk scores had distinguishable immune statuses.Conclusion:The differentially expressed LRGs of HNSCC screened by bioinformatics methods are related to the survival and prognosis of the HNSCC patients;the prognostic model constructed by 9 LRGs can predict the survival status and treatment response of the HNSCC patients.

This article explores the standardized management of colorectal polyps, including classification, treatment, follow-up, and preventive control. Corresponding treatment strategies, including endoscopic resection and surgical intervention, are employed for different types of polyps. Currently, there is debate over whether to choose endoscopic resection or surgical intervention for malignant polyps at pT1 stage. Drawing on the latest literature and guidelines, the article elaborates on polyp classification, treatment modalities, follow-up, and preventive measures. Standardized management of colorectal polyps is important for reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer and improving the cure rate of early-stage colorectal cancer.

This article explores the standardized management of colorectal polyps, including classification, treatment, follow-up, and preventive control. Corresponding treatment strategies, including endoscopic resection and surgical intervention, are employed for different types of polyps. Currently, there is debate over whether to choose endoscopic resection or surgical intervention for malignant polyps at pT1 stage. Drawing on the latest literature and guidelines, the article elaborates on polyp classification, treatment modalities, follow-up, and preventive measures. Standardized management of colorectal polyps is important for reducing the incidence of colorectal cancer and improving the cure rate of early-stage colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisense RNA ( lncRNA HOTAIR ) on the cell proliferation, radiosensitivity and apoptosis of the rectal adenocarcinoma cell lines SW480 and HCT116 in vitro. Methods The expression levels of lncRNA HOTAIR in the rectal adenocarcinoma cell lines ( SW480 and HCT116 ) were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR).Silencing of HOTAIR by RNA interference was performed to explore its roles in cell proliferation,radiosensitivity and apoptosis. After treatment with irradiation at a gradient dose,the cell viability was measured and the rate of cell apoptosis was tested. Results Compared with the human rectal epithelial cell lines,the expression of lncRNA HOTAIR was significantly higher in the rectal adenocarcinoma cell lines. The colonic assay demonstrated that the sensitizing enhancement ratios ( SERs) were 1. 58 and 1. 33 for the cells transfected with HOTAIR siRNA in SW480 and HCT116 cell line compared with the control isRNA transfection group. In vitro silencing of lncRNA HOTAIR could enhance the apotosis rate and radiosensitivity of the rectal adenocarcinoma cell line SW480. Conclusion The expression level of lncRNA HOTAIR is correlated with the cellular radiosensitivity, which is probably a parameter for predicting the radiosensitivity of rectal adenocarcinoma cells. Radiotherapy combined with HOTAIR-siRNA can significantly inhibit the cell proliferation,induce cell apoptosis and enhance the radiosensitivity.