The increasing prevalence of myopia has become one of the major global public health issues.Current myopia control measures, such as orthokeratology lenses, defocus spectacles, soft defocus contact lenses, low-concentration atropine eye drops all have limitations.Repeated low-level red light (RLRL) therapy emerging in recent years has become one of the treatments for childhood myopia.Multiple clinical studies have shown that RLRL irradiation can inhibit the rapid progression of myopia in children and adolescents.Recently, a research report titled Cone Density Changes After Repeated Low- Level Red Light Treatment in Children With Myopia, which has sparked widespread discussion among parents of myopic children.The main purpose of this article is to conduct a detailed analysis of the research methods and results, and to explore whether the conclusion can be drawn that RLRL affects the density of macular cone cells in myopic children.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a prevalent and intractable ocular disease induced by a variety of causes. Elevated sphingomyelin (SM) levels and pro-inflammatory cytokines were detected on the ocular surface of DED patients, particularly in the meibomian glands. Sphingomyelin synthase 2 (SMS2), one of the proteins involved in SM synthesis, would light a novel way of developing a DED therapy strategy. Herein, we report the design and optimization of a series of novel thiophene carboxamide derivatives to afford 14l with an improved highly potent inhibitory activity on SM synthesis (IC_{50, SMS2} = 28 nmol/L). Moreover, 14l exhibited a notable protective effect of anti-inflammation and anti-apoptosis on human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) under TNF-α-hyperosmotic stress conditions in vitro, with an acceptable ocular specific distribution (corneas and meibomian glands) and pharmacokinetics (PK) profiles (t _{1/2, cornea} = 1.11 h; t _{1/2, meibomian glands} = 4.32 h) in rats. Furthermore, 14l alleviated the dry eye symptoms including corneal fluorescein staining scores and tear secretion in a dose-dependent manner in mice. Mechanically, 14l reduced the mRNA expression of Tnf-α, Il-1β and Mmp-9 in corneas, as well as the proportion of very long chain SM in meibomian glands. Our findings provide a new strategy for DED therapy based on selective SMS2 inhibitors.

The increasing prevalence of myopia has become one of the major global public health issues.Current myopia control measures, such as orthokeratology lenses, defocus spectacles, soft defocus contact lenses, low-concentration atropine eye drops all have limitations.Repeated low-level red light (RLRL) therapy emerging in recent years has become one of the treatments for childhood myopia.Multiple clinical studies have shown that RLRL irradiation can inhibit the rapid progression of myopia in children and adolescents.Recently, a research report titled Cone Density Changes After Repeated Low- Level Red Light Treatment in Children With Myopia, which has sparked widespread discussion among parents of myopic children.The main purpose of this article is to conduct a detailed analysis of the research methods and results, and to explore whether the conclusion can be drawn that RLRL affects the density of macular cone cells in myopic children.

Objective To investigate the application value of the MHSeqTyper47 kit in kinship identification.Methods Multiplexed amplification and library preparation were performed for DNA samples from 113 related individuals by using the MHSeqTyper47 kit.The libraries were sequenced on a MiSeq FGx sequencer,and the data were analyzed using MHTyper for microhaplotype genotyping.The kinship indexes were calculated to evaluate the application efficiency of this kit in kinship identification and compared with those of the GlobalFilerTM kit.Results For the MHSeqTyper47 kit,the CPI values in trio identification were 1.43× 1011～6.15×1018.The CPI values in duo identification were 1.02× 105～1.53× 1013.The CFSI values in full sibling identification were 7.73×101～2.59×1016.Trios,duos and full siblings could be completely distinguished from unrelated pairs.The combined efficiency of these two kits in 2nd-degree kinship identification was 0.466 2.Conclusion The application value of MHSeqTyper47 kit is relatively higher in the identification of lst-degree kinships.If jointly used with the GlobalFilerrM kit,2nd-degree kinship identification could be achieved in some cases.

Hidden absenteeism refers to the behavior of employees who insist on going to work even when they are in poor health,but its work efficiency is low and affects the productivity.This paper reviews and sorts out the related researches on hidden absenteeism of nurses in China,expounds the definition of the con-cept of hidden absenteeism,evaluation tools,current situation and influencing factors of hidden absenteeism of nurses in China,and puts forward the suggestions on the countermeasures of hidden absenteeism,in order to provide reference for nursing managers in China on the management of hidden absenteeism.

Objectives:This study aims to explore the clinical significance of lateral pelvic sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LLND) and evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of this technique to predict the status of lateral pelvic lymph nodes (LPLNs).Methods:The clinical and pathological characteristics, surgical outcomes, lymph node findings and perioperative complications of 16 rectal cancer patients who underwent SLNB using ICG fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic LLND in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College during April 2017 and October 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The patients did not receive preoperative neoadjuvant radiotherapy and presented with LPLNs but without LPLN enlargement (MRI showed the maximum short axes of the LPLNs were ≥5 mm and <10 mm at first visit).Results:All 16 patients were successfully performed SLNB using ICG fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic LLND. Three patients underwent bilateral LLND and 13 patients underwent unilateral LLND. The lateral pelvic sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) were clearly fluorescent before dissection in 14 patients and the detection rate of SLNs for these patients was 87.5%. Lateral pelvic SLN metastasis was diagnosed in 2 patients and negative results were found in 12 patients by frozen pathological examinations. Among the 14 patients in whom lateral pelvic SLNs were detected, the dissected lateral pelvic non-SLNs were all negative. All dissected LPLNs were negative in two patients without fluorescent lateral pelvic SLNs. The specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy was 85.7%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively.Conclusions:This study indicates that lateral pelvic SLNB using ICG fluorescence navigation shows promise as a safe and feasible procedure with good accuracy. This technique may replace preventive LLND for locally advanced lower rectal cancer.

The advancements in colorectal minimally invasive surgical techniques represent not merely technological innovation but also a significant leap in surgical philosophy.Over the past half-century,we have witnessed the historic transition from traditional open surgery to minimally invasive procedures,a change propelled by continuous innovations in surgical platforms and techniques.The innovations of platforms encompass developments in imaging platforms,energy platforms,instrumentation platforms.Furthermore,innovations in surgical techniques primarily focus on exploring variables within five key elements of surgical techniques:the approach,extent of bowel resection,lymph node dissection,reconstruction of the digestive tract,and specimen extraction.The progress in colorectal minimally invasive surgery has significantly reduced surgical trauma,and enhanced patients' postoperative quality of life and the overall safety of surgeries.This progress is underpinned by stringent quality control throughout the surgical process,ensuring standardized and homogeneous execution of procedures.Moving forward,the ongoing drive to innovate surgical techniques and philosophies will continue to improve the efficacy and safety of colorectal minimally invasive surgeries.This journey not only necessitates the relentless advancement of medical technologies,but also requires surgeons to continuously deepen and actively pursue surgical philosophies.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effictiveness and safety of recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio in the treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS A total of 25 patients with driver-negative advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma were included in this single-arm prospective study, and the enrolled patients were treated with recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio as scheduled. Progression-free survival(PFS), overall survival(OS), disease control rate(DCR), objective response rate(ORR), and adverse reactions(AR) were observed and analyzed. RESULTS The 25 enrolled patients received at least 2 cycles of second-line treatment, and were followed up as of March 31, 2023. Among them, 4 patients had partial remission, 17 patients had stable disease, and 4 patients experienced progressive disease. The ORR confirmed by the researchers was 16%(95%CI, 4.5%−36.1%), DCR was 84%(95%CI, 63.9%−95.5%), and median PFS was 5.3 months(95%CI, 3.5−6.9 months). The median OS had not yet been achieved. The entire group of patients had good treatment tolerance, and the most common level Ⅲ or Ⅳ adverse events related to treatment were leukopenia(20%) and rash(12%), with no reported treatment-related deaths. CONCLUSION Recombinant human endostatin combined with afatinib and teggio in the second line treatment of advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma can prolong the progression free survival period of patients and is relatively safe, which is worth further exploration and promotion.

Objectives:This study aims to explore the clinical significance of lateral pelvic sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) using indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic lateral pelvic lymph node dissection (LLND) and evaluate the accuracy and feasibility of this technique to predict the status of lateral pelvic lymph nodes (LPLNs).Methods:The clinical and pathological characteristics, surgical outcomes, lymph node findings and perioperative complications of 16 rectal cancer patients who underwent SLNB using ICG fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic LLND in the Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College during April 2017 and October 2022 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The patients did not receive preoperative neoadjuvant radiotherapy and presented with LPLNs but without LPLN enlargement (MRI showed the maximum short axes of the LPLNs were ≥5 mm and <10 mm at first visit).Results:All 16 patients were successfully performed SLNB using ICG fluorescence navigation in laparoscopic LLND. Three patients underwent bilateral LLND and 13 patients underwent unilateral LLND. The lateral pelvic sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) were clearly fluorescent before dissection in 14 patients and the detection rate of SLNs for these patients was 87.5%. Lateral pelvic SLN metastasis was diagnosed in 2 patients and negative results were found in 12 patients by frozen pathological examinations. Among the 14 patients in whom lateral pelvic SLNs were detected, the dissected lateral pelvic non-SLNs were all negative. All dissected LPLNs were negative in two patients without fluorescent lateral pelvic SLNs. The specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value, and accuracy was 85.7%, 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively.Conclusions:This study indicates that lateral pelvic SLNB using ICG fluorescence navigation shows promise as a safe and feasible procedure with good accuracy. This technique may replace preventive LLND for locally advanced lower rectal cancer.

In colorectal cancer surgery, loop ileostomy is sometimes necessary to prevent anastomotic leakage. Although ileostomy reversal is relatively simple, postoperative complication is inevitable. In recent years, laparoscopic surgery has been gradually applied in ileostomy reversal due to its small trauma, fast recovery, and low complications, exhibiting satisfactory short-term outcomes. This review analyzes the application of the laparoscopic technique in ileostomy surgery and explores the potential of total laparoscopic surgery, aiming to provide a new perspective for the clinical application of laparoscopic ileostomy reversal.