AIM: To investigate the influence of relevant inflammatory markers in peripheral blood on the progression of neovascular glaucoma(NVG)secondary to diabetic retinopathy(DR)patients.METHODS: Retrospective case-control study. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence or absence of NVG: those with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR)alone(PDR group, n=148)and those with NVG secondary to PDR(NVG secondary to PDR group, n=142). Peripheral blood inflammatory markers were evaluated, including white blood cell-related indices, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio(MLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index(SII). The distinctions in peripheral blood inflammatory markers between the two groups of patients and their relationships with NVG secondary to PDR were analyzed.RESULTS:No statistically significant differences were observed in basic characteristics between the two groups, confirming their comparability. However, significant differences were found in eosinophil percentage and MLR between the PDR group and the NVG secondary to PDR group(all P<0.05), with both values being significantly higher in the NVG secondary to PDR group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that the eosinophil percentage and the MLR were factors influencing the development of patients with NVG secondary to PDR.CONCLUSION: Eosinophil percentage and MLR may be associated with the progression of PDR to NVG, and could serve as potential predictive markers for NVG development in PDR patients.

Objective: To investigate the attention cognitive function and symptom correlations of school aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)using event related potential (ERP) technology, so as to provide references for the early diagnosis of children with ADHD. Methods: A total of 52 school aged children diagnosed with ADHD at the outpatient department of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from September 2022 to September 2024 and 50 age /sex matched healthy controls were selected. The ERP experiment adopted the auditory Oddball task to conduct comparative analyses of the amplitude and latency of the mismatch negative(MMN) at the Fz, Cz, and Pz points of the scalp electrode and the P3a component respectively. The symptom assessment scales adopted the Swanson,Nolan,and Pelham-Ⅳ Rating Scale (SNAP-Ⅳ) and the Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ), which were filled out by the parents. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between ERP components and symptoms in schoolaged children with ADHD. Results: The latency of MMN components in the healthy control group on the Fz lead was (188.30±2.06)ms, and the amplitude was (-15.54±1.35)μV; the latency of the P3a component on the Pz lead was (312.82±7.80)ms, and the amplitude was (3.80±0.18)μV. The latency of MMN components in the ADHD group on the Fz lead was (188.94±1.39)ms, and the amplitude was (-14.78±1.40)μV; the latency of the P3a component on the Pz lead was (317.21±5.65)ms, and the amplitude was (3.70±0.13)μV. Compared with normal children, the MMN of children with ADHD had smaller amplitudes in the Fz and Cz leads, and the P3a had greater latency and smaller amplitudes in the Cz and Pz leads ( t =2.79,2.20；-2.04，-3.25；2.35,3.21， P <0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the latency of MMN in children with ADHD was positively correlated with the inattention score in the SNAP-Ⅳ( r =0.22), and the amplitude of MMN was negatively correlated with the inattention score in the SNAP-Ⅳ and the learning problem score in PSQ ( r = -0.26 , -0.34)( P <0.05). The latency of P3a was positively correlated with the scores of inattention in the SNAP-Ⅳ and the score of learning problems in the PSQ ( r =0.26 ,0.24); the amplitude of P3a was negatively correlated with the scores of attention deficit and hyperactivity/impulsivity in the SNAP-Ⅳ and the scores of learning problems and impulsivity/hyperactivity in the PSQ( r = -0.26 , -0.22, -0.25,-0.32)( P <0.05). Conclusions School aged ADHD children exhibit abnormal MMN/P3a components, indicating attention related cognitive dysfunction. Symptoms such as inattention, learning problems and hyperactivity/impulsivity in children with ADHD are related to abnormal components of MMN and P3a.

Background: Cervical cancer is still present a major public health problem, especially in developing countries. In International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics 2018, allowing assessment of retroperitoneal lymph nodes by imaging and/or pathological findings and, if deemed metastatic, the case is designated as stage IIIC (with r and p notations). Patients with lymph node metastases have lower overall survival (OS), progression free survival (PFS), and survival after recurrence, especially those who have unresectable macroscopical positive lymph nodes. Retrospective analysis suggests that there may be a benefit to debulking macroscopic nodes that would be otherwise difficult to sterilize with standard doses of radiation therapy. However, there are no prospective study reporting that resecting macroscopic nodes before concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CCRT) would improve PFS or OS of cervical cancer and no guidelines for surgical resection of bulky lymph nodes. The CQGOG0103 study is a prospective, multicenter and randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluating lymph node dissection on stage IIICr of cervical cancer. Methods Eligible patients are histologically confirmed cervical squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, adeno-squamous cell carcinoma. Stage IIICr (confirmed by computed tomography [CT]/magnetic resonance imaging/positron emission tomography/CT) and the short diameter of image-positive lymph node ≥15 mm. 452 patients will be equally randomized to receive either CCRT (pelvic external-beam radiotherapy [EBRT]/extended-field EBRT + cisplatin [40 mg/m2] or carboplatin [the area under curve=2] every week for 5 cycles + brachytherapy) or open/minimally invasive pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection followed by CCRT. Randomization is stratified by status of para-aortic lymph node. The primary endpoint is PFS. Secondary endpoints are OS and surgical complications. A total of 452 patients will be enrolled from multiple hospitals in China within 4 years and followed up for 5 years.

Objective:To evaluate the difference of dosimetry between three-dimensional and two-dimensional plans based on CT images of occult perforation in brachytherapy of cervical cancer, aiming to provide clinical reference.Methods:A total of 817 patients with cervical cancer received simple intrauterine (intrauterine tandem plus vaginal colpostats) three-dimensional brachytherapy in Chongqing University Cancer Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 16 patients had occul uterine perforation. Based on Oncentra Brachy Therapy plan system, the single prescription dose was 6Gy. Three-dimensional (3D group) and two-dimensional (2D group) plans were designed on the perforated CT images The target volume, conformal index (CI), conformal index coformity index (COIN) and organs-at-risk (OAR) D 2cm 3 parameters were used to assess the plans between two groups. Results:The incidence of pccult uterine perforation was 1.96%(16/817) during brachytherapy for cervical cancer. The volume of prescription dose curve in the 3D group was (40.74±14.98) cm 3, significantly smaller compared with (91.46±19.71) cm 3 in the 2D group ( P<0.05), whereas the volume of the high-risk clinical target area wrapped by prescription dose curve did not significantly differ between two groups ( P>0.05). The CI and COIN in the 3D group were 0.79±0.10 and 0.72±0.96, significantly higher compared with 0.38±0.09 and 0.37±0.18 in the 2D group (both P<0.05). The D 2cm 3 of bladder, rectum, sigmoid colon, small intestine in the 3D group were (306.06±77.57) cGy, (252.27±72.60) cGy, (127.25±62.84) cGy and (228.79±94.90) cGy, significantly lower than (548.03±164.21) cGy, (411.16±118.74) cGy, (227.45±94.48) cGy and (450.95±157.96) cGy in the 2D group (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Application of image guidance in brachytherapy of cervical cancer is helpful to detect occult uterine perforation. When occult uterine perforation occurs, the use of three-dimensional plan can basically meet the clinical needs, which is significantly better than the two-dimensional plan.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common pathological type of primary lung cancer. Currently, main treatment approaches for NSCLC patients include surgical resection, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy and so on. In recent years, thermal ablation has received increasing attention in the treatment of various stages of NSCLC. As a safe and efficient local treatment, thermal ablation may bring potential clinical benefits to NSCLC patients. However, many issues remain unsolved and further investigation is needed in the clinical application of thermal ablation in NSCLC. In this review, we aim to summarize the applications of thermal ablation in NSCLC and further discuss the emerging controversies as well as future research directions.

Objective:To observe the effects of alprostadil at different doses on C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in patients with angina pectoris.Methods:From August 2017 to April 2018, 120 patients with angina pectoris admitted to China Coast Guard Hospital of the People's Armed Police Force were selected and divided into control group (60 cases) and observation group (60 cases) by random number table method.Both two groups received routine anti-angina treatment, while the control group received 10 μg alprostadil, the observation group received 20 μg alprostadil for 2 weeks.The changes of CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and hemorheological indicators before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results:Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in the CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 between the two groups (all P>0.05). After treatment, the CRP, TNF-α and IL-6 levels in the observation group were (4.63±0.62)mg/L, (0.46±0.08)μg/L, (46.59±4.72)ng/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than those in the control group [(6.18±0.74)mg/L, (1.19±0.28)μg/L, (58.62±5.07)ng/L]( t=12.437, 19.418, 13.452, all P<0.05). The high shear viscosity, low shear viscosity, plasma viscosity and platelet aggregation rates in the observation group were (4.27±0.46)mPa/s, (8.07±0.18)mPa/s, (1.03±0.25)mPa/s, (37.42±1.05)%, respectively, which were lower than those in the control group [(5.14±0.588)mPa/s, (10.43±0.42)mPa/s, (2.01±0.46)mPa/s, (40.19±1.86)%] ( t=9.103, 40.006, 14.499, 10.046, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The conventional dose of alprostadil (20 μg) is effective in the treatment of angina pectoris.It can improve CRP, TNF-α, IL-6 and hemorheological parameters of patients.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of meglumine adenosine cyclophosphate (MAC) in the adjuvant treatment of chronic congestive heart failure(CHF) in the elderly, and its effects on cystatin C(Cys-C) and plasma B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP).Methods:From August 2017 to August 2018, 110 elderly patients with chronic CHF admitted to Zhejiang Provincial Armed Police Corps Hospital were selected and randomly divided into control group(55 cases) and observation group(55 cases) by random number table method.The control group was treated with routine treatment, while the observation group was treated with MAC on the basis of routine treatment.Both two groups were treated for 2 weeks.The clinical efficacy, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), cardiac output, Cys-C and plasma BNP were compared between the two groups.Results:The total improvement rate of the observation group was 94.55%(52/55), which was higher than 78.18%(43/55) of the control group, the difference was statistically significant(χ 2=6.253, P<0.05). Before treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in LVEF, cardiac output, BNP and Cys-C between the two groups(all P>0.05). After treatment, the LVEF[(44.16±6.82)%], cardiac output[(8.07±1.45)L/min] of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group[(40.71±5.38)%, (6.44±1.37)L/min], and BNP[(1.65±0.24)mg/L], Cys-C[(552.79±10.46)mg/L] of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group[(2.31±0.48)mg/L, (681.73±12.71)mg/L], the differences were statistically significant( t=2.945, 6.060, 9.121, 0.551, all P<0.05). Conclusion:MAC has significant effect in the treatment of elderly patients with chronic CHF.It can improve the cardiac function of patients and reduce the plasma concentrations of Cys-C and BNP.

Objective: To discuss the application of bedside ultrasound monitoring of gastric residual volume in ICU patients complicated with enteral nutrition support via nasogastric tube. Methods: November 2017 to May 2018, 120 patients with enteral nutrition support via nasogastric tube who admitted in ICU of our hospital were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group. The observation group used bedside ultrasound monitoring to determine the gastric residual volume, while the control group was estimated by withdrawn with 50 ml syringe. Reflux, pulmonary aspiration and the time of enteral nutrition were observed in both groups. Results: Reflux and pulmonary aspiration were present in 2, 3 in the observation group and 10, 11 in the control group, with significant difference between them (χ²=4.53, 3.96, P<0.05). The time of enteral nutrition in the observation group was (13.98±3.20) h, and (15.54±3.54) h in the control group, which had a statistically difference (t=-10.49, P<0.05). Conclusion The application of bedside ultrasound monitoring of gastric residual volume in ICU patients complicated with enteral nutrition support via nasogastric tube can significantly reduce the risk of reflux and pulmonary aspiration which can ensure the safety of enteral nutrition, and decrease time of enteral nutrition.

Objective To explore the factors that affect the prognosis of extensive small cell lung cancer by analyzing the association between lab-oratory indicators before treatment of extensive small cell lung cancer patients and the initial evaluation results with disease progression and overall survival. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed 96 cases of hospitalized patients in the medical oncology department of The First Hospital of China Medical University from March 2008 to September 2014. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were adopted to ana-lyze the relevant factors affecting the prognosis of extensive small cell lung cancer. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There was no obvious correlation between HB level before treatment with PFS of patients(P=0.179),but there was obvious significant correlation be-tween HB level and OS of patients(P=0.041). Our results showed that the TBIL level of patients before chemotherapy was significantly associated with the PFS(P=0.039)and OS(P=0.026)of patients. Conclusion HB and TBIL levels are the influencing factors that affect the prognosis and survival of patients with extensive small cell lung cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare the betulinic acid nanoparticles,and characterize them. METHODS:Using ethanol as sol-vent and water as anti-solvent,anti-solvent recrystallization method was used to prepare betulinic acid nanoparticles. Using particle size as indicator,single factor test and orthogonal test were adopted to optimize the mass concentration of betulinic acid solution, anti-solvent-solvent volume ratio,anti-solvent drip rate,reaction temperature and stirring speed in formulation technology of betulin-ic acid nanoparticles,and verification test was conducted. The betulinic acid nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,laser particle size analyzer,Fourier infrared spectrometer and mass spectrum analyzer. RESULTS:The optimal technol-ogy was as follow as betulinic acid solution mass concentration of 3 mg/mL,anti-solvent-solvent volume ratio of 1:1,anti-solvent drip rate of 8 mL/min,reaction temperature of 20 ℃ and stirring speed of 900 r/min. The average size of prepared betulinic acid nanosuspension was(156.0±8.6)nm(n=3)and the particle size was(235.0±12.2)nm(n=3)after freeze-drying,with nearly spherical appearance,uniform size and regular form. Compared with raw material of betulinic acid,the chemical structure of pre-pared betulinic acid nanoparticles did not change,and there were no significant changes in molecular weight and mass ratio. CON-CLUSIONS:Betulinic acid nanoparticles are successfully prepared.