Background Occupational groups are facing a "dual health threat". Research indicates that enhancing the occupational health literacy (OHL) of workers is crucial for safeguarding their health and well-being. However, at present, the research on OHL in China is still in its infancy and there is an urgent need to carry out systematic studies. Objective To analyze the OHL level and influencing factors of key industry groups in Huangshan City, and to provide a basis for targeted intervention activities. Methods From 2022 to 2023, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 621 frontline workers from 20 companies in four industries: non-metallic mineral mining and dressing, textile and apparel, rubber and plastic products, and non-metallic mineral products in Huangshan City. The participants were asked to anonymously complete the National Key Population Occupational Health Literacy Monitoring Survey Personal Questionnaire. The overall and 4 dimension levels of OHL were calculated according to the "2022 Calculation Standards for Occupational Health Literacy Levels of Key Populations". The OHL level was defined as the proportion of the target population possessing adequate OHL (indicated by an overall or dimension-specific score rate ≥80% on the questionnaire). Results A total of 621 workers were surveyed during the study period, with 597 valid questionnaires collected, resulting in an effective rate of 96.14%. The participants were mainly frontline workers in small enterprises, presenting the pattern of "three lows and one long". The male-to-female ratio was 1.16∶1. The overall OHL level of the participants was 45.06% during the study period. The dimension-specific levels of occupational health legal knowledge, basic knowledge, basic skills, and healthy working methods and behaviors were 50.25%, 73.53%, 30.49%, and 60.13%, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the overall OHL level and the four dimension-specific levels among workers across different industries (P<0.05), with the lowest overall OHL level in the textile and apparel industry (32.06%). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that compared with those with a monthly income of less than 3000 yuan, those with a monthly income of 3000 to 4999 yuan, 7000 to 8999 yuan, and ≥9000 yuan had higher OHL levels (OR=4.152, 3.796, 5.382); compared with those working 40 h or less per week, those working 49 to 54 h had lower OHL level (OR=0.491); compared with those with less than 5 years of work experience, those with 5 to 9 years of work experience had higher OHL levels (OR=1.770); compared with workers in the non-metallic mineral products industry, workers in the non-metallic mineral mining and dressing industry and the rubber and plastic products industry had higher OHL levels (OR=3.790, 2.511) (P<0.05). Conclusion The OHL levels of workers in the four key industries of the secondary industry in Huangshan City are generally low and develop unevenly. We should focus on strengthening the occupational health intervention for frontline workers in the textile, clothing and apparel and frontline workers with low incomes, long working hours, and more than 15 years of service, and emphasize the training of practical application of theoretical knowledge to improve the OHL level of workers in all aspects.

Kui was first recorded in The Rites of Zhou and is the earliest domesticated wild vegetable in China. In the Qi Min Yao Shu, Kui was called “the master of all vegetables” and has a long history of application in China. As a medicine, Kuizi was first recorded in Shen Nong’s Herbal Classic, which has a history of more than 2 000 years of medicinal use and a long history of clinical application. By researching the ancient and modern herbal literature, the first herbs texts of Kui were examined, various recorded texts, confused products and the history of the original medicinal use were clarified. It was concluded that the ancient herbal texts recorded the base plant of Kui as Malva verticillata L. belonging to family Malvaceae, which provided scientific basis for the development and utilization of Kui.

To summarize the clinical characteristics and genetic mutation spectrum of patients with SELENON-related myopathy(SELENON-RM), in order to improve awareness among physicians.

ObjectiveStroke poses a heavy burden due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. Accurate and real-time detection of lesions is pivotal for prompt clinical intervention and favorable prognosis. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and microwave tomography (MWT) have emerged as compelling alternatives for stroke screening, owing to their non-ionizing, non-invasive and portable nature. EIT provides information on tissue conductivity, and MWT offers high sensitivity to changes in dielectric properties. However, single-modality imaging is inherently limited, EIT suffers from low sensitivity to deep-seated tissues and severe ill-posedness of inverse problems, whereas MWT is challenged by strong nonlinearity in inverse scattering and susceptibility to modeling errors. Consequently, the clinical utility of standalone EIT or MWT for stroke diagnosis remains constrained by poor spatial resolution and imaging artifacts. To improve the accuracy and robustness of stroke imaging, a dual-modality fusion conditional denoising diffusion probabilistic model (DM-DDPM) was proposed for high-precision dual-modality image reconstruction. MethodsA dual-encoder network with a symmetric architecture and independently trained parameters was constructed to extract heterogeneous features separately from EIT boundary voltage measurements and MWT scattered field signals. Attentional feature fusion (AFF) is employed to integrate complementary information from the two modalities adaptively, generating robust fused priors that suppress redundant noise while preserving key physical characteristics. Subsequently, the fused priors are embedded into a Transformer-based diffusion model via a cross attention mechanism to guide the reverse denoising process. This approach effectively reduces artifacts and enhances the stability of conductivity distribution reconstruction. Time step embedding is introduced to enable the network to perceive the diffusion stage and further improve the accuracy of noise prediction. ResultsSimulated experiments demonstrated that DM-DDPM significantly outperforms single-modality and multi-modality networks under various noise levels. A head model simulation dataset was constructed based on COMSOL Multiphysics, and tests were carried out under 50 dB, 40 dB and 30 dB signal-to-noise ratio levels. At 30 dB, the average relative error (RE) was below 0.20, while the structural similarity index measure (SSIM) and correlation coefficient (CC) remained above 0.90 and 0.89, respectively. Compared with single-modality and multi-modality networks, artifacts were significantly reduced, lesion edges were clearer, and localization was more accurate. The model maintains high reconstruction quality and strong robustness for single, double, and triple lesions simultaneously. Furthermore, physical experiments were conducted using a 16-electrode EIT system and a 16-antenna MWT system with asynchronous data acquisition. These experiments confirmed the feasibility of the method in real-world scenarios and demonstrated that it can robustly reconstruct simulated lesions despite environmental interference and measurement noise, validating its reliability for practical clinical applications. ConclusionThe proposed method effectively combines complementary dual-modality information with a conditional diffusion model. Low accuracy and poor noise resistance in single-modality imaging were effectively addressed, while the noise amplification issue caused by direct multimodal data fusion was avoided. The proposed algorithm exhibits strong anti-noise interference ability and high imaging stability in both simulation and physical experiments. Precise localization of stroke lesions with different quantities was achieved, providing a high-precision, and practical technical support for clinical stroke detection.

Objective To gain insights into the biological characteristics of different populations of Culex tritaeniorhynchus within and around the Yellow Sea wetland from the perspective of the occurrence of resistance, we investigated the levels of resistance to deltamethrin and kdr gene mutation in the wetland and its peripheral areas. Methods Specimens were collected from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus populations at two monitoring sites in the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area, and also from two populations in Yancheng City and the Liuhe District of Nanjing, and the resistance of these mosquitoes to deltamethrin was determined using the CDC biotest bottle method. For each concentration of deltamethrin assessed, a random subset of exposed specimens was selected for amplification of the kdr gene fragment, followed by Sanger sequencing to identify and analyze resistance-associated mutations. Results The LC50 levels of deltamethrin among mosquitoes from the four populations in Luhe, Yancheng, the Rare Bird National Nature Reserve and the Tiaozi Ni Wetland Scenic Area were 2.048 5, 7.798 2, 3.473 3, and 17.695 5 mg/mL, respectively, with corresponding concentrations of deltamethrin ranging from 0.005 to 5.000,0.050 to 50.000,0.050 to 25.000 and 0.050 to 50.000 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the ranges of the KT50 values were 11.76-107.43, 67.05-216.30,29.77-107.43 and 28.40-329.51 min; the 1-h knockdown rates were 34.58%-99.15%, 9.52%-43.80%, 55.09%-73.01%, and 10.09%-68.07%; and the 24-h mortality rates were 12.15%-67.52%,9.52%-79.56%,13.17%-82.21%, and 11.01%-78.99%, respectively. With respect to kdr gene mutation, we assayed a total of 63,70,59, and 57 mosquitoes for the four populations, for which we detected L1014F mutation frequencies of 14.29%, 35.00%, 20.34%, and 31.58%, respectively, with a majority of these mutations being heterozygous for resistance. In addition, five adult mosquitoes were identified has having synonymous mutations at site 1011[i. e. , AAT(asparagine)mutation to AAC(asparagine)]. Conclusions Our findings revealed the clear resistance of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus to deltamethrin in the Yancheng region of the Yellow Sea wetland, and the resistance phenotype and kdr frequency of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment were comparable to those of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus in the wetland environment, thereby indicating that the resistance of different populations of Cx. tritaeniorhynchus was homogeneous under the pressure of different insecticide selection within and around the wetland. However, the underlying mechanisms need to be further studied.

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Bushen Huoxue Formulation （补肾活血方， BSHXF） in Parkinson's disease （PD） from the perspectives of synaptic vesicle cycling and intestinal barrier function. MethodsForty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups， control group， model group， Madopar group， and BSHXF group， with 12 rats in each group. Except for the control group， rats were administered rotenone by gavage once daily for 4 consecutive weeks to establish a PD rat model. After successful modeling， rats in the BSHXF group received concentrated BSHXF solution by gavage at a dose of 13.5 g/（kg·d）， while rats in the Madopar group received Madopar tablet suspension at 2 g/（kg·d）. Rats in the control group and the model group were administered distilled water by gavage at 10 ml/（kg·d）. All groups received continuous gavage treatment for 2 weeks. Motor function was evaluated using the open field test （total distance traveled， average speed， and total distance traveled in the central zone）， rotarod test （latency to fall）， and balance beam test （traversal time）. Histopathological changes in colon tissues were observed by HE staining. Western Blotting was used to detect the protein levels of α-synuclein （α-syn）， phosphorylated serine 129 α-synuclein （pSer129-α-syn）， vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 （VAMP2）， and synaptophysin （SYP） in the substantia nigra and colon tissues. The mRNA expression levels of α-syn， VAMP2， and SYP were detected by RT-PCR， and α-syn expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess the levels of tight junction protein 1 （ZO-1） and occludin in colon tissues， as well as tyrosine hydroxylase （TH） levels in substantia nigra tissues. ResultsCompared with the control group， rats in the model group showed reduced total distance traveled， average speed， and central-zone distance in the open field test， decreased latency to fall in the rotarod test， and prolonged traversal time in the balance beam test. The protein levels of pSer129-α-syn and α-syn， as well as α-syn mRNA expression were increased in the substantia nigra and colon tissues， whereas the protein and mRNA expression levels of VAMP2 and SYP were decreased. The relative integrated optical density of α-syn in the substantia nigra and colon tissues was increased， while the relative fluorescence intensities of ZO-1 and occludin in colon tissues and TH in the substantia nigra were decreased （P＜0.05）. HE staining showed focal necrosis in the mucosal layer of colon tissues， disappearance of some intestinal glands， extensive inflammatory cell infiltration， and proliferation of fibrous connective tissue in the submucosa. Compared with the model group， both the Madopar group and BSHXF group showed varying degrees of improvement in the above indicators （P＜0.05）. Pathological damage in colon tissues was also alleviated， with only mild fibrous tissue proliferation and limited diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration observed in the mucosal layer. Compared with the Madopar group， rats in the BSHXF group exhibited increased average speed， central-zone distance， and latency to fall in the rotarod test. The levels of pSer129-α-syn and α-syn proteins in the substantia nigra were decreased， while VAMP2 protein expression was increased. In colon tissues， SYP protein levels and mRNA expression were elevated. The relative fluorescence intensity of ZO-1 in colon tissues and TH in substantia nigra tissues was also increased （P＜0.05）. ConclusionBSHXF may improve motor dysfunction in PD by regulating synaptic vesicle cycling， restoring intestinal barrier integrity， and improving neuronal synaptic function through modulation of synaptic vesicle-associated protein expression in the substantia nigra and colon tissues.

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of Bushen Huoxue Formulation （补肾活血方， BSHXF） in Parkinson's disease （PD） from the perspectives of synaptic vesicle cycling and intestinal barrier function. MethodsForty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups， control group， model group， Madopar group， and BSHXF group， with 12 rats in each group. Except for the control group， rats were administered rotenone by gavage once daily for 4 consecutive weeks to establish a PD rat model. After successful modeling， rats in the BSHXF group received concentrated BSHXF solution by gavage at a dose of 13.5 g/（kg·d）， while rats in the Madopar group received Madopar tablet suspension at 2 g/（kg·d）. Rats in the control group and the model group were administered distilled water by gavage at 10 ml/（kg·d）. All groups received continuous gavage treatment for 2 weeks. Motor function was evaluated using the open field test （total distance traveled， average speed， and total distance traveled in the central zone）， rotarod test （latency to fall）， and balance beam test （traversal time）. Histopathological changes in colon tissues were observed by HE staining. Western Blotting was used to detect the protein levels of α-synuclein （α-syn）， phosphorylated serine 129 α-synuclein （pSer129-α-syn）， vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 （VAMP2）， and synaptophysin （SYP） in the substantia nigra and colon tissues. The mRNA expression levels of α-syn， VAMP2， and SYP were detected by RT-PCR， and α-syn expression was examined by immunohistochemistry. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess the levels of tight junction protein 1 （ZO-1） and occludin in colon tissues， as well as tyrosine hydroxylase （TH） levels in substantia nigra tissues. ResultsCompared with the control group， rats in the model group showed reduced total distance traveled， average speed， and central-zone distance in the open field test， decreased latency to fall in the rotarod test， and prolonged traversal time in the balance beam test. The protein levels of pSer129-α-syn and α-syn， as well as α-syn mRNA expression were increased in the substantia nigra and colon tissues， whereas the protein and mRNA expression levels of VAMP2 and SYP were decreased. The relative integrated optical density of α-syn in the substantia nigra and colon tissues was increased， while the relative fluorescence intensities of ZO-1 and occludin in colon tissues and TH in the substantia nigra were decreased （P＜0.05）. HE staining showed focal necrosis in the mucosal layer of colon tissues， disappearance of some intestinal glands， extensive inflammatory cell infiltration， and proliferation of fibrous connective tissue in the submucosa. Compared with the model group， both the Madopar group and BSHXF group showed varying degrees of improvement in the above indicators （P＜0.05）. Pathological damage in colon tissues was also alleviated， with only mild fibrous tissue proliferation and limited diffuse inflammatory cell infiltration observed in the mucosal layer. Compared with the Madopar group， rats in the BSHXF group exhibited increased average speed， central-zone distance， and latency to fall in the rotarod test. The levels of pSer129-α-syn and α-syn proteins in the substantia nigra were decreased， while VAMP2 protein expression was increased. In colon tissues， SYP protein levels and mRNA expression were elevated. The relative fluorescence intensity of ZO-1 in colon tissues and TH in substantia nigra tissues was also increased （P＜0.05）. ConclusionBSHXF may improve motor dysfunction in PD by regulating synaptic vesicle cycling， restoring intestinal barrier integrity， and improving neuronal synaptic function through modulation of synaptic vesicle-associated protein expression in the substantia nigra and colon tissues.

Background: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) due to variants of hepatocyte nuclear factor 1-beta (HNF1β) (MODY5) has not been well studied in the Chinese population. This study aimed to estimate its prevalence and evaluate the application of a clinical screening method (Faguer score) in Chinese early-onset diabetes (EOD) patients. Methods: Among 679 EOD patients clinically diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (age at diagnosis ≤40 years), the exons of HNF1β were sequenced. Functional impact of rare variants was evaluated using a dual-luciferase reporter system. Faguer scores ≥8 prompted multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) for large deletions. Pathogenicity of HNF1β variants was assessed following the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Results: Two rare HNF1β missense mutations (E105K and G454R) were identified by sequencing in five patients, showing functional impact in vitro. Another patient was found to have a whole-gene deletion by MLPA in 22 patients with the Faguer score above 8. Following ACMG guidelines, six patients carrying pathogenic or likely pathogenic variant were diagnosed with MODY5. The estimated prevalence of MODY5 in Chinese EOD patients was approximately 0.9% or higher. Conclusion MODY5 is not uncommon in China. The Faguer score is helpful in deciding whether to perform MLPA analysis on patients with negative sequencing results.

Objective To investigate the relationship between geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) and osteoporosis (OP) in elderly hypertensive population. Methods Elderly physical examination population who received dual-energy bone mineral density examination and bone metabolic marker test in the hospital were selected from January 2021 to December 2024. According to whether they had hypertension and dual-energy bone mineral density results, the enrolled patients were divided into hypertension OP group (142 cases ), hypertension non-OP group (173 cases), non-hypertension OP group (102 cases) and non-hypertension non-OP group (100 cases). GNRI of all study subjects was measured. The correlation of GNRI and the occurrence of OP was explored by logistic regression analysis. The predictive efficiency of GNRI on the occurrence of OP was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results The BMD and GNRI in the hypertension group, and the non-hypertension OP group were significantly lower than those in the non-hypertension non-OP group (P<0.05). Compared with the hypertension non-OP group, the BMI, GNRI, BMD, and 25-OH Vit D in the hypertension OP group were significantly reduced (P<0.05) while the PTH level was significantly enhanced (P<0.05).logistic regression analysis showed that GNRI, 25-OH Vit D and PTH were closely related to OP in the elderly hypertensive population (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis manifested that the AUC value of GNRI alone in predicting OP in elderly hypertensive population was 0.802, which was higher than that of 25-OH Vit D (AUC=0.723) and PTH (AUC=0.643). The AUC, sensitivity and specificity of combination of GNRI, 25-OH Vit D and PTH in predicting OP in elderly hypertensive population were 0.837, 66.20% and 86.13% (P<0.05). Conclusion GNRI is closely related to the occurrence of OP in elderly hypertensive population, and GNRI can be used as a potential indicator to assess the risk of OP.

This case report presents a 16-year-old male patient with deficiency of adenosine deaminase 2(DADA2). The patient had a history of Raynaud′s phenomenon with digital ulcers since childhood. As the disease progressed, the patient developed retinal vasculitis, intracranial hemorrhage, skin necrosis, severe malnutrition, refractory hypertension, and gastrointestinal bleeding. Genetic testing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the ADA2 gene (paternal c.1072G > A pathogenic mutation + maternal c.1065C > A variant of unknown clinical significance). ADA2 enzyme activity was significantly reduced (0.1 U/L). A multidisciplinary treatment team developed an individualized plan to address key issues, including nutritional support, blood pressure control, rehabilitation, pain management, and balancing anticoagulation/bleeding risks. After systematic intervention, the patient′s condition showed partial improvement. This case reveals clinical challenges such as anticoagulation decisions and nutritional support of DADA2. It also emphasizes the importance of early molecular diagnosis, tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitor targeted therapy, and multidisciplinary collaboration in management, underlining the core value of precision medicine in rare disease management.