Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide， and tumor metastasis is a key factor contributing to the mortality of most lung cancer patients. Aberrant activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） is a major driver of lung cancer progression and metastasis. EMT is characterized by the loss of apical-basal polarity and intercellular adhesion in highly differentiated， polarized， and organized epithelial cells， which acquire motility， migratory potential， and invasive properties. During this process， cells undergo cytoskeletal remodeling and transform into a mesenchymal phenotype， accompanied by associated changes in cellular markers. The EMT process is highly complex and is tightly regulated by intricate networks involving multiple transcription factors， post-translational controls， epigenetic modifications， and non-coding RNAs. Therefore， therapies targeting the mechanisms of malignant transformation and their associated pathways in lung cancer are of significant clinical importance. In recent years， EMT has attracted increasing attention as a potential target for cancer therapy. Chinese medicine， with its characteristics of multi-target action， low side effects， and good therapeutic efficacy， has demonstrated an important role in anticancer treatment. A series of studies have investigated the role of Chinese medicine in inhibiting EMT in lung cancer. Active ingredients of Chinese medicine， including flavonoids， glycosides， phenols， terpenoids， saccharides， and alkaloids， as well as Chinese medicine compound formulas， have shown significant regulatory effects on EMT. Their mechanisms mainly involve multiple pathways， targets， and links， including signaling pathways， exosomes， microRNAs （miRNAs）， and the tumor-associated immune microenvironment. This article summarizes the mechanisms by which EMT promotes malignant tumor progression and reviews the current research on how Chinese medicine active ingredients， monomers， and compound formulas inhibit EMT and suppress lung cancer cell migration and invasion. This study is expected to provide comprehensive theoretical information for basic and translational research on lung cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism by which Shenqi Yiliu prescription reverses cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells by regulating the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/mammalian target of rapamycin （mTOR） signaling pathway-mediated glycolysis. MethodsThe human ovarian cancer A2780 cell line was intervened with progressively increasing doses of cisplatin （1 g·L^-1） to establish the cisplatin-resistant cell line A2780cisR， and the cell sensitivity to cisplatin was examined by the cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay. High， medium， and low （39.9， 19.95， 9.98 g·kg^-1） doses of Shenqi Yiliu prescription-containing sera were used to treat A2780cisR cells for 48 h. Glucose consumption and lactate production were measured by the cuvette assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to determine the activities of glucose transporter （GLUT）， phosphofructokinase （PFK）， and pyruvate kinase （PK）. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL） staining was used to detect apoptosis. Western blot was employed to quantify the protein levels of phosphorylated （p）-PI3K， p-Akt， p-mTOR， hexokinase 2 （HK2）， pyruvate kinase M2 （PKM2）， B-cell lymphoblastoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2-associated X-protein （Bax）， and B-lymphoblastoma-2 gene-related promoter （Bad）. Real-time PCR was conducted to determine the mRNA levels of HK2， PKM2， Bax， Bcl-2， and Bad. ResultsThe median inhibitory concentration （IC₅₀） of cisplatin on A2780cisR cells was nearly 3 times that on A2780P cells. Compared with A2780P cells， A2780cisR cells showed increased glucose consumption， lactate production， GLUT， PFK， and PK activities， and mRNA and protein levels of p-PI3K， Akt， p-mTOR， HK2， PKM2， Bax （P<0.05）， and decreased apoptosis rate and Bcl-2 expression （P<0.05）. Compared with A2780cisR cells， medium- and high-dose Shenqi Yiliu prescription reduced the glucose consumption， lactate production， GLUT， PFK， and PK activities， and mRNA and protein levels of p-PI3K， Akt， p-mTOR， HK2， PKM2， Bax， and Bad （P<0.05）， while increasing the apoptosis rate and Bcl-2 expression （P<0.05）. ConclusionShenqi Yiliu prescription can inhibit glycolysis mediated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to promote apoptosis， thereby reversing cisplatin resistance in ovarian cancer cells.

Objective To understand the status of body image disturbance and its influencing factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), so as to provide a scientific basis for the clinical management of AS. Methods A total of 353 AS patients admitted from January 2022 to December 2024 were selected as research subjects. Chinese version of Body Image Disturbance Questionnaire (BIDQ) was used to investigate the body image disturbance in AS patients. Single factor analysis was performed by t test and analysis of variance, and multiple factors were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. Results The total score of BIDQ in 342 AS patients was (25.01±4.22). Multivariate linear regression analysis results showed that self-paid medical expense, nighttime VAS score and negative emotion PANAS score could positively predict body image disturbance in AS patients (standardized regression coefficient=0.413, 0.413, 0.460, P<0.05), and PSSS score, positive emotion PANAS score and exercise management CDSSM score could negatively predict body image disturbance (standardized regression coefficient=-0.245, -0.134, -0.247, P<0.05). Conclusion The body image disturbance in AS patients is worthy of clinical attention. Nighttime pain, negative emotion and self-paid medical treatment can increase the risk of body image disturbance. Positive emotion, social support and high self-management level of exercise behavior can reduce the formation of body image disturbance, which can provide new ideas for clinical management of AS patients.

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder primarily caused by pathogenic variants in the TSC1 or TSC2 genes. It is characterized by multisystem hamartomatous lesions and neuropsychiatric manifestations. Here we report a young male patient with TSC involving multiple organs, caused by a heterozygous frameshift mutation in TSC2 (c.2071delC, p.Arg691Alafs^*7). The patient initially presented with classic facial angiofibromas and hypomelanotic macules, and subsequently developed psychiatric and behavioral disturbances with auditory hallucinations. Neuroimaging revealed an intracranial mass lesion, which was confirmed as a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma on postoperative histopathology following surgery performed at an outside institution. After admission, the patient underwent a comprehensive diagnostic workup, and multidisciplinary treatment evaluation revealed extensive multisystem involve-ment, including the nervous system, skin, kidneys, lungs, heart, eyes, pancreas, liver and bones. Combined with relevant literature, this article discusses the molecular mechanisms, clinical phenotypes, and comprehensive management of TSC, in order to provide a reference for the standardized and individualized management of this disease.

Objective To analyze survival outcomes and influencing factors among patients with colorectal cancer in Yunnan Province. Methods Clinical data were retrospectively collected from 4 892 patients with colorectal cancer. Survival data were obtained through follow-up. Overall survival (OS) was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate analysis was performed by applying the log-rank test. Meanwhile, multivariate analysis employed the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results The 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year OS rates for the entire cohort were 91.90%, 74.40%, 64.40%, and 28.70%, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that age, ethnicity, region, differentiation grade, TNM stage, clinical stage, metastatic status, histological type, and treatment modality (chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery) were associated with patient prognosis (all P<0.05). Multivariate analysis identified age (HR=1.250), region (HR=1.262), differentiation grade (HR=0.761), clinical stage (HR=3.128), and treatment modality (chemotherapy, HR=0.644; radiotherapy, HR=1.605; surgery, HR=0.384) as independent factors affecting survival prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer (all P<0.001). Conclusion Age, region, clinical stage, and treatment modality are independent factors influencing survival among patients with colorectal cancer in Yunnan Province. In clinical practice, these factors should be integrated to develop individualized prevention and treatment strategies, thereby improving patient outcomes.

Background: Our genomic understanding of lymphomas, a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, has grown exponentially. The latest World Health Organization (WHO) and International Consensus classifications reflect the importance of genetic assessment in the diagnosis and prognostication of and therapeutic decision making in lymphoid neoplasms. To address this clinical need for routinely available and timely testing, we aimed to validate the Ion AmpliSeq Liverpool Lymphoid Network Panel (IALLNP; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). Methods: We clinically validated the IALLNP on the Ion Torrent Genexus Sequencer (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The panel detects single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertions/deletions (indels) in 60 clinically relevant genes. The validation set included a commercial control and 54 DNA samples covering the spectrum of clinically aggressive and indolent lymphomas. Results: After optimizing for poor coverage regions, recurrent artifacts, and false-negative calls, the panel showed good performance in terms of depth of coverage, on-target reads, and uniformity. Its sensitivity for SNVs and indels at a lower limit of detection of 5% variant allele frequency (VAF) was 100%. Specificity in variant-negative samples was 100%, and the mean per-sample number of false-positive variants—which were easily identifiable and excluded upon interrogation of raw data—was 0.4. The panel demonstrated 92.8% reproducibility; however, all nonreproducible variants fell below the 5% VAF analytical threshold. Conclusions The IALLNP is an accurate and reproducible next-generation sequencing panel that delivers genetic results for lymphoid neoplasms in a clinically meaningful timeframe.

Background: Human muscle satellite (stem) cells (MuSCs) are essential for investigating muscle physiology, regeneration, and disease mechanisms. Primary cultures derived directly from human tissues offer a more physiologically relevant model than immortalized cell lines. However, the isolation and characterization of MuSCs from human upper limb tissues are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to establish and characterize a primary culture system for MuSCs obtained from human upper limb muscle tissue. Methods: Human muscle tissues were obtained from upper limb surgical specimens. Muscle samples were mechanically and enzymatically dissociated to isolate muscle-derived cells, which were cultured under standard growth conditions. Cell morphology and proliferation were monitored during the culture period. Myogenic characteristics were assessed by examining the expression of muscle-specific markers including myogenic regulatory factors and structural proteins. Additionally, myogenic differentiation capacity was evaluated by inducing differentiation and analyzing the formation of multinucleated myotubes. Results: Primary MuSCs were isolated from human upper limb tissues and expanded in vitro. The cultured cells exhibited a typical spindle-shaped morphology and demonstrated significant proliferative capacity. Characterization confirmed the expression of myogenic markers, indicating the presence of muscle-derived precursor cells. Following induction of differentiation, the cells formed multinucleated myotube-like structures and expressed muscle proteins associated with differentiation, highlighting their potential for myogenic differentiation. Conclusion This study established a reliable protocol for isolating and culturing MuSCs from human upper limb tissues. Cultured cells displayed typical myogenic characteristics and differentiation capacity, indicating that this model could be a valuable platform for studying human muscle biology and potential therapeutic applications.

Objective To analyze the postoperative complications and survival outcomes of elderly patients with renal cell carcinoma undergoing laparoscopic surgery, and to identify the influencing factors, so as to provide reference for improving the safety of laparoscopic surgery in such patients. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical, surgical, and pathological data of 153 patients aged ≥75 years who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma at our hospital during 2012 and 2025.Logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors influencing postoperative complications, and a nomogram was constructed and validated to predict the complications.Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve, and the effects of different surgical approaches on the prognosis and the survival difference in the age subgroups (75-＜80 years, ≥80 years) were analyzed.Cox regression analyses were conducted to determine factors affecting survival outcomes. Results Among the 153 patients, 15 developed postoperative complications, including 5 severe cases. Multivariate logistic regression identified Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) ≥3 and prolonged operation time as independent risk factors for postoperative complications (P＜0.05).The C-index of the logistic regression model constructed based on these factors (age, CCI≥3 and operation time) was 0.77 (95%CI:0.64-0.90), with an average absolute error of 1.6%.Subgroup analysis revealed superior overall survival in patients aged 75-＜80 years undergoing partial nephrectomy compared to radical nephrectomy (P=0.005 6).No statistically significant difference in overall survival was observed among patients ≥80 years who received different surgical approaches (P=0.062).Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified preoperative low albumin levels, preoperative renal insufficiency, tumor diameter＞4 cm, and pathological stage as independent risk factors for overall survival (P＜0.05). Conclusion Laparoscopic surgery is safe and effective for elderly patients with renal cell carcinoma, with survival outcomes correlated to nutritional status, renal function, tumor size and pathological staging.Patients aged ≥80 years still derive surgical benefit, and no survival differences exist between different surgical approaches in this age group.

Heart transplantation is the gold standard for the treatment of patients with end-stage heart failure. Nevertheless, postoperative rejection, ischemia-reperfusion injury, adverse reactions to immunosuppressive drugs and long-term allograft dysfunction remain the major challenges restricting the long-term survival of patients. In the past year, Chinese researchers have carried out a series of high-level studies and made important breakthroughs in key fields including risk stratification of patients with end-stage heart failure, innovations in donor heart preservation technology, novel therapeutic targets for the intervention of ischemia-reperfusion injury, nano-targeted immunosuppressive strategies, gene expression regulation of rejection, and monitoring by ultrasound molecular imaging. This article systematically reviews the academic achievements made by Chinese researchers in the field of heart transplantation in 2025, with a focus on sorting out mechanism innovations, technological breakthroughs and clinical translational applications, so as to provide references for clinical practice and future research directions in heart transplantation.

Acute pancreatitis （AP） often has an acute onset， and although most cases are self-limiting， there is still a risk of rapid deterioration， posing a serious threat to the lives of patients. Currently， traditional assessment tools such as clinical scoring systems and serum biomarkers are widely used to determine disease severity and prognosis. To enhance the accuracy of assessment， combined detection strategies integrating different scores and biomarkers are often used in clinical practice； however， there are still certain limitations such as insufficient specificity， limited early sensitivity， and a lack of consistent cut-off values. Therefore， current studies are actively exploring novel biomarkers with superior specificity and sensitivity and continuously optimizing their combined application strategies. This article summarizes the current application status of traditional assessment tools and reviews the research advances in novel biomarkers.