Objective:To summarize the best available evidence for donor and recipient site flap management in head and neck cancer patients undergoing free flap reconstruction.Method:Following the 6S evidence hierarchy model, a comprehensive search was conducted in databases and websites including UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Guidelines International Network, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Healthcare Database, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search period covered all publications up to May 1, 2024.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, comprising two clinical decisions, two guidelines, two systematic reviews, five expert consensuses, two randomized controlled trials, and one prospective cohort study.A total of 28 pieces of evidence were summarized from six aspects: establishing multidisciplinary collaboration, standardized assessment, prehabilitation training, donor site management strategies, recipient site management strategies, and risk identification and management.Conclusions:This study provides a comprehensive summary of evidence regarding donor and recipient site flap management in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing free flap reconstruction, offering an evidence-based foundation for guiding clinical nursing practice.

Objective:To summarize the best available evidence for donor and recipient site flap management in head and neck cancer patients undergoing free flap reconstruction.Method:Following the 6S evidence hierarchy model, a comprehensive search was conducted in databases and websites including UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Guidelines International Network, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Healthcare Database, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China Biology Medicine disc, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search period covered all publications up to May 1, 2024.Results:A total of 14 articles were included, comprising two clinical decisions, two guidelines, two systematic reviews, five expert consensuses, two randomized controlled trials, and one prospective cohort study.A total of 28 pieces of evidence were summarized from six aspects: establishing multidisciplinary collaboration, standardized assessment, prehabilitation training, donor site management strategies, recipient site management strategies, and risk identification and management.Conclusions:This study provides a comprehensive summary of evidence regarding donor and recipient site flap management in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing free flap reconstruction, offering an evidence-based foundation for guiding clinical nursing practice.

Objective:To explore the psychological acceptance mechanism of appropriate Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) techniques among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) .Methods:Using purposive sampling, AUB patients experiencing menstruation but not yet menopausal were recruited from Zhumadian City, Henan Province, and Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, between November 2022 and January 2023. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the collected data were analyzed using content analysis.Results:A total of four main themes were identified: individualized disease perception and treatment experience; awareness and treatment experience of appropriate TCM techniques; cultural identity and influence of traditional beliefs; and the need for science communication and safety regarding TCM techniques.Conclusions:While AUB patients show a generally high level of acceptance toward appropriate TCM techniques, their understanding of both AUB and the relevant TCM therapies remains limited. Multiple factors influence patients' choices, and some concerns and doubts still persist during the decision-making process.

Objective To evaluate the degree of invasion of placental implantation by quantitative delin-eation of MRI placental bed abnormal hyperplasia vessels by 3D-Slicer software.Methods Fifty-seven pa-tients with placenta implantation requiring MRI in Quanzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively collected and divided into the penetrating placenta implantation group(n=11)and the non-penetrating placenta implantation group(n=46),and the differences of MRI mor-phological signs between the two groups were analyzed.Among them,37 patients with placental bed xenogenic vessels scanned by MRI were screened and there were 11 cases in the penetrating placental implantation group and 26 cases in the non-penetrating placental implantation group.3D-Slicer software was used to delineate the surface area and volume of placental bed xenogenic vessels,the differences between the two groups were ana-lyzed.Results There were significant differences in the surface area and volume of xenogenic blood vessels in placental bed between the two groups(P＜0.05).The large surface area of xenogenic vessels in the placental bed was an independent risk factor for penetrative placental implantation,and the predicted area under the curve(AUC)of penetrative placental implantation was 0.927.When the surface area of the placental bed was 1 079.25 mm2,the sensitivity was 81.8%and the specificity was 88.5%.Conclusion According to 3D-Slicer soft-ware,the diagnostic efficacy of placental bed allogenic blood vessel surface area for penetrating placental implanta-tion is high.The larger the allogenic blood vessel surface area is,the deeper the placental invasion of uterus is.

Objective To investigate indoor radon concentrations and environmental cumulative doses in residential and office units in Shenzhen, and estimate the average annual effective dose, and to provide data for assessing public health risks. Methods Within the 11 administrative districts of Shenzhen (including the Shenzhen-Shanwei Special Cooperation Zone), 17 residential units and 3 office units were randomly selected as monitoring sites in each district. The units selected represented buildings of different ages and various floors on which the units were located. Radon detectors and environmental cumulative dosimeters were deployed for monitoring. Results The indoor radon concentrations in Shenzhen during the two monitoring periods were (36.6 ± 16.5) Bq/m³ and (19.8 ± 15.3) Bq/m³, respectively. The environmental cumulative doses for the two monitoring periods were (0.33 ± 0.07) mSv and (0.25 ± 0.04) mSv, respectively. The estimated average annual effective dose due to indoor radon in Shenzhen was 0.92 mSv. Conclusion All monitored indoor radon concentrations in Shenzhen were below the national standard of China. The indoor radon concentrations exhibited significant regional variations, were higher in spring than in summer, and showed no statistically significant differences across buildings of different ages or units of various floors. The trends in indoor radon concentrations and environmental cumulative doses were highly consistent. The average indoor radon concentration in Shenzhen was lower than both the global and national levels, indicating a low risk of internal radiation exposure from radon.

Objective:To improve the understanding of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with pulmonary cryptococcosis.Methods:The clinical data of 1 DLBCL patient with pulmonary cryptococcosis in the Central Hospital of Fengxian District of Shanghai in May 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Results:This 75-year-old female patient was asymptomatic after 2 cycles of R-CHOP chemotherapy. The high-resolution CT of lung showed that lung nodules were progressively enlarged. Antibacterial treatment was ineffective. Pulmonary cryptococcosis was confirmed by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) targeted high-throughput sequencing (tNGS) and cryptococcus capsular antigen (CrAg) detection. The central nervous system was not involved. And the long-term adequate-dose fluconazole was prescribed for 6 months, and the treatment against lymphoma was given synchronously. The lung nodule lesions reduced after antifungal therapy for 1 month. The lung nodules disappeared after the follow-up of 6 months after completion of final chemotherapy. The evaluation of lymphoma indicated complete remission.Conclusions:Pulmonary cryptococcosis occurs insidiously and shows no specific symptoms; its imaging manifestations are variable and routine anti-infection is ineffective. Immunochemotherapy for lymphoma patients is a high-risk factor for cryptococcal infection. tNGS and CrAg testing for BALF are effective methods of the confirmed diagnosis. The early and long-term adequate-dose antifungal treatment is the key to preventing the recurrence or progression.

BACKGROUND: The transcription factor POU2F1 regulates the expression levels of microRNAs in neoplasia. However, the miR-29b1/a cluster modulated by POU2F1 in gastric cancer (GC) remains unknown. METHODS: Gene expression in GC cells was evaluated using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and RNA in situ hybridization. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to evaluate protein interactions. Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to investigate the biological behavior of GC cells. MiR-29b1/a cluster promoter analysis and luciferase activity assay for the 3'-UTR study were performed in GC cells. In vivo tumor metastasis was evaluated in nude mice. RESULTS: POU2F1 is overexpressed in GC cell lines and binds to the miR-29b1/a cluster promoter. POU2F1 is upregulated, whereas mature miR-29b-3p and miR-29a-3p are downregulated in GC tissues. POU2F1 promotes GC metastasis by inhibiting miR-29b-3p or miR-29a-3p expression in vitro and in vivo . Furthermore, PIK3R1 and/or PIK3R3 are direct targets of miR-29b-3p and/or miR-29a-3p , and the ectopic expression of PIK3R1 or PIK3R3 reverses the suppressive effect of mature miR-29b-3p and/or miR-29a-3p on GC cell metastasis and invasion. Additionally, the interaction of PIK3R1 with PIK3R3 promotes migration and invasion, and miR-29b-3p , miR-29a-3p , PIK3R1 , and PIK3R3 regulate migration and invasion via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/Akt/mTOR) pathway in GC cells. In addition, POU2F1 , PIK3R1 , and PIK3R3 expression levels negatively correlated with miR-29b-3p and miR-29a-3p expression levels in GC tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS The POU2F1 - miR-29b-3p / miR-29a-3p-PIK3R1 / PIK3R1 signaling axis regulates tumor progression and may be a promising therapeutic target for GC.
MicroRNAs/metabolism* ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms/pathology* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement/physiology* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/metabolism* ; Animals ; Mice ; Octamer Transcription Factor-1/metabolism* ; Mice, Nude ; Class Ia Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/metabolism* ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/genetics* ; Male ; Immunohistochemistry ; Female

Objective:To explore the psychological acceptance mechanism of appropriate Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) techniques among patients with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) .Methods:Using purposive sampling, AUB patients experiencing menstruation but not yet menopausal were recruited from Zhumadian City, Henan Province, and Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, between November 2022 and January 2023. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and the collected data were analyzed using content analysis.Results:A total of four main themes were identified: individualized disease perception and treatment experience; awareness and treatment experience of appropriate TCM techniques; cultural identity and influence of traditional beliefs; and the need for science communication and safety regarding TCM techniques.Conclusions:While AUB patients show a generally high level of acceptance toward appropriate TCM techniques, their understanding of both AUB and the relevant TCM therapies remains limited. Multiple factors influence patients' choices, and some concerns and doubts still persist during the decision-making process.

AIM:To investigate the effects of Shaoyao-Gancao decoction(SGD)on inflammation and mucosal barrier damage in rats with 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid(TNBS)-induced inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS:Forty-eight male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,high-dose(500 mg/kg),medium-dose(250 mg/kg)and low-dose(125 mg/kg)SGD groups,and balsalazide sodium(1 g/kg)group.All rats were pre-administered for 3 d,and on the 4th day of the experiment,they were fasted for 24 h.Except for the normal group,the rats in the other 5 groups were given enema mixed with TNBS(100 mg/kg)and 50％ethanol,and continued to be adminis-tered for 5 d after modeling.After modeling,the disease activity index(DAI)was evaluated.After the experiment,the levels of nitric oxide(NO)and myeloperoxidase(MPO)in serum and colonic tissues of rats were determined.RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to determine tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS)and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB)in the colon of rats.The expression of tight junction proteins zonu-la occludens-1(ZO-1)and claudin 2 in rat colon tissues was determined by immunofluorescence staining.RESULTS:Compared with normal group,the weight of rats in model group was decreased,the colon was shortened,DAI and colon tissue macroscopic scores were significantly increased(P<0.05),colon pathological injury was serious,and NO and MPO levels in serum and colon tissues of the rats in model group were significantly increased(P<0.05).The mRNA and pro-tein expression levels of TNF-α,COX-2,iNOS and NF-κB in colon tissues were significantly increased(P<0.01),while the expression levels of ZO-1 and claudin 2 were significantly decreased(P<0.01).Compared with model group,the body weight and colon shortening of rats in SGD groups were alleviated,DAI and macroscopic scores of colon tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the pathological damage of colon was improved,and the levels of NO and MPO in se-rum and colon tissues of rats were significantly decreased(P<0.05).The mRNA and protein expression levels of TNF-α,COX-2,iNOS and NF-κB in colon tissues were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while the expression levels of ZO-1 and claudin 2 were significantly increased(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Treatment with SGD effectively attenuates the inflam-matory response and intestinal mucosal barrier damage caused by TNBS-induced IBD in rats.

Grooming,as an evolutionarily conserved repetitive behavior,is common in various animals,including humans,and serves essential functions including,but not limited to,hygiene maintenance,thermoregulation,de-arousal,stress reduction,and social behaviors.In rodents,grooming involves a patterned and sequenced structure,known as the syntactic chain with four phases that comprise repeated stereotyped movements happening in a cephalocaudal progression style,beginning from the nose to the face,to the head,and finally ending with body licking.The context-dependent occurrence of grooming behavior indicates its adaptive significance.This review briefly summarizes the neural substrates responsible for rodent grooming behavior and explores its relevance in rodent models of neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases with aberrant grooming phenotypes.We further emphasize the utility of rodent grooming as a reliable measure of repetitive behavior in neuropsychiatric models,holding promise for translational psychiatry.Herein,we mainly focus on rodent self-grooming.Allogrooming(grooming being applied on one animal by its conspecifics via licking or carefully nibbling)and heterogrooming(a form of grooming behavior directing towards another animal,which occurs in other contexts,such as maternal,sexual,aggressive,or social behaviors)are not covered due to space constraints.