The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

Objective To investigate the value of synthetic MRI(syMRI)for evaluating structural changes of brain nuclei and white matter in patients with Parkinson disease(PD).Methods Forty-five PD patients(PD group)and 35 healthy controls(HC group)were prospectively enrolled.Head scanning with strategically acquired gradient echo sequence was performed,then syMRI was obtained with post-processing.The values of T1,proton density(PrD),R2* and magnetic sensitivity values(MSV)of nuclei and white matter were measured based on syMRI and compared between groups.The correlations of syMRI quantitative parameters of nuclei and white matter being significantly different between groups with neurological function scores of subject were analyzed,and a combined model was established using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn,the efficacy of single syMRI quantitative parameter and combined model for diagnosing PD was evaluated.Results Compared with HC group,T1 and PrD values of bilateral caudate nuclei decreased,while MSV of bilateral substatia nigra and right red nucleus increased(all FDR correction P＜0.05),while T1 and PrD values of bilateral splenium of corpus callosum,PrD values of left posterior limbs of the internal capsule(PLIC),R2* values of bilateral PLIC and right genu of the corpus callosum decreased in PD group(all FDR correction P＜0.05).syMRI quantitative parameters of the above brain regions were correlated with scores of Montreal cognitive assessment and Hamilton anxiety scale(r=-0.390-0.416,all P＜0.01).The area under the curve of single syMRI quantitative parameter for diagnosing PD was 0.664-0.788,lower than that of combined model(0.905,Z=2.653-4.096,all P＜0.05).Conclusion SyMRI could be used to quantitatively evaluate structural changes of brain nuclei and white matter in PD patients.

Post-stroke depression,a common complication after stroke,severely affects the physical and mental rehabilitation of patients.Currently,the treatment of depression after stroke has limitations,such as limited efficacy and numerous adverse reactions.Preventing and treating depression after stroke have specific effects;however,the optimal intervention timing and duration remain unclear.Based on the principle of preventive treatment of diseases and the theory that"excessive fire consumes qi"(Huangdi Neijing),this article explores the influence of the stroke etiology and pathogenesis on secondary depression.The article proposes the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression as"wind and fire interacting-excessive fire consuming qi-spirit decline and qi depression,"where fire is the pathological cause,qi is the fundamental pathogenesis,and spirit is the disease manifestation.The disease can be prevented after the occurrence of stroke,but treatment should occur before"excessive fire consumes qi."Clearing fire,preserving the body's normal functions,and reducing fire to protect qi and prevent depression are advisable.After"excessive fire consumes qi,"which results in spirit decline and qi depression,dispersing stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation,nourishing the spirit,and relieving depression to treat it are recommended.This article elaborates on the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression as"fire-qi-spirit,"based on the theory of"excessive fire consumes qi"and"preventing disease from exacerbating."This study proposes reducing fire to protect qi and nourishing the spirit to relieve depression to prevent and treat post-stroke depression,with the aim of providing a novel theoretical basis and practical guidance for preventing and treating post-stroke depression in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To investigate the roles of miR-152 and Rho-associated coiled-coil kinase 1(ROCK1)in vas-cular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs)treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein(ox-LDL).Methods Human vascu-lar smooth muscle cells CRL-1999 were intervened with ox-LDL to establish an in vitro atherosclerosis model.miR-152 mimic and ROCK1 siRNA were transfected into corresponding cells.RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-152 and ROCK1 mRNA.The CCK-8 method was used to assess cell proliferation activity,and the Transwell as-say was used to test cell migration ability.A luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to determine the targeting relationship between miR-152 and ROCK1.Results CRL-1999 cells treated with 100 μg/mL ox-LDL for 48 hours showed the maximum proliferation rate.Compared with the untreated control group,the relative expression of miR-152 in the ox-LDL-induced group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Transfection of miR-152 mimic significantly re-duced the proliferation and migration of CRL-1999 cells(P＜0.05).The luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that miR-152 targets ROCK1,and expression of ROCK1 mRNA and protein in miR-152 mimic group was reduced(P＜0.05).Transfection of ROCK1 siRNA also significantly decreased the proliferation and migration of CRL-1999 cells(P＜0.05).Conclusions miR-152 inhibits the ox-LDL induced proliferation and migration of CRL-1999 cells by downregulating ROCK1 expression,which may be a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.

Post-stroke depression,a common complication after stroke,severely affects the physical and mental rehabilitation of patients.Currently,the treatment of depression after stroke has limitations,such as limited efficacy and numerous adverse reactions.Preventing and treating depression after stroke have specific effects;however,the optimal intervention timing and duration remain unclear.Based on the principle of preventive treatment of diseases and the theory that"excessive fire consumes qi"(Huangdi Neijing),this article explores the influence of the stroke etiology and pathogenesis on secondary depression.The article proposes the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression as"wind and fire interacting-excessive fire consuming qi-spirit decline and qi depression,"where fire is the pathological cause,qi is the fundamental pathogenesis,and spirit is the disease manifestation.The disease can be prevented after the occurrence of stroke,but treatment should occur before"excessive fire consumes qi."Clearing fire,preserving the body's normal functions,and reducing fire to protect qi and prevent depression are advisable.After"excessive fire consumes qi,"which results in spirit decline and qi depression,dispersing stagnated liver qi for relieving qi stagnation,nourishing the spirit,and relieving depression to treat it are recommended.This article elaborates on the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression as"fire-qi-spirit,"based on the theory of"excessive fire consumes qi"and"preventing disease from exacerbating."This study proposes reducing fire to protect qi and nourishing the spirit to relieve depression to prevent and treat post-stroke depression,with the aim of providing a novel theoretical basis and practical guidance for preventing and treating post-stroke depression in traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective:To investigate the association between blood selenium levels and sex hormones in Chinese men aged 18-79 years.Methods:Data were derived from the China National Human Biomonitoring survey conducted in 2017-2018, with a final sample size of 5 414 men. General demographic characteristics, behavioral habits, and dietary frequency were collected through questionnaires and physical examinations. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure blood lead, serum testosterone, and estradiol levels. Complex sampling linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between blood selenium levels and testosterone, estradiol, and the testosterone/estradiol ratio, adjusting for confounding factors including age, education level, marital status, smoking status, alcohol consumption, seafood intake, soy product intake, protein supplement intake, BMI, and diabetes status.Results:The mean age of the 5 414 participants was (46.85±27.91) years; 4 774 (91.65%) were of Han ethnicity and 4 505 (86.68%) were married. The median ( Q1, Q3) blood selenium concentration in men was 97.80 (80.64, 116.99) μg/L. After adjusting for confounding factors, the complex sampling linear regression model revealed negative associations between blood selenium levels and both testosterone levels and the testosterone/estradiol ratio, with a significant linear trend ( Ptrend<0.05). Compared with the Q1 group, the β (95% CI) values for testosterone in the Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were -0.02 (-0.06 to 0.02), -0.03 (-0.08 to 0.01), and -0.06 (-0.09 to -0.02), respectively. Similarly, the β (95% CI) values for the testosterone/estradiol ratio in the Q2, Q3, and Q4 groups were -0.01 (-0.03 to 0.02), -0.01 (-0.04 to 0.04), and -0.03 (-0.06 to -0.01), respectively. Subgroup analysis indicated stronger associations between blood selenium levels and testosterone/estradiol levels in non-smoking and obese men (BMI≥28 kg/m2). Conclusion:Blood selenium levels are negatively associated with testosterone levels and the testosterone/estradiol ratio in Chinese adult males.

This research investigated the contamination level,distribution of drug-resistant strains,and molecular epidemiologi-cal characteristics of Campylobacter,and further explored transmission pathways and prevention strategies.Cecum,chicken carcass,chicken product,and environmental samples,as well as swabs from workers'hands,were collected from a slaughterhouse in a large broiler group in the Jiaodong area between August 2023 and July 2024.Quantitative contamination assessment of Campylobacter in chicken carcasses and chicken products was performed.After microbial mass spectrometry identification,the representative strains of different links were selected for drug resistance testing and whole genome sequencing(WGS).On the basis of the sequencing results,the resistance genes,virulence genes,multilocus sequence typing(MLST),and phylogenetic characteristics of representative strains were analyzed.Homology comparisons were performed between isolates and strains from patients with diarrhea in the NCBI database.A total of 297 Campylobacter strains were isolated from 806 samples,and the overall detection rate was 36.85%.The detection rate of Campylobacter was highest in the evisceration process(47.33%),followed by the cutting process(35.64%).Overall,the Campylo-bacter detection rate first increased,then decreased,and subsequently increased.Drug sensitivity testing revealed that 90 isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin,and 94.97%of isolates were resistant to tetracycline.WGS showed that both Campylo-bacter jejuni(C.jejuni)and Campylobacter coli(C.coli)carried many drug resistance and virulence genes.ST-14176 of C.jejuni was isolated for the first time herein.The predominant ST-8261 strain of C.jejuni and ST-860,ST-829,and ST-1586 strains of C.coli are known to cause human diarrhea.LOS expression genes associated with Guillain-Barré syndrome(GBS)were detected in both C.jejuni isolates from the slaughter chain and patients with GBS.Some strains exhibited close genetic relatedness to human-derived Campylo-bacter strains from the NCBI database.The detection rate of Campylobacter in the slaughterhouse first increased,then decreased,and subsequently increased,and the quantitative contamination level of each link was similar to the detection rate.Quantitative analysis of chicken carcasses/products revealed that the average bacterial load was highest in eviscerated carcasses(102.80 cfu/g),and the high-est amount of Campylobacter in chicken products reached 451.80 cfu/g.Abundant drug resistance genes and virulence genes were iden-tified,and the drug resistance genes were highly correlated with the drug resistance rate.Therefore,surveillance intensity and control measures for Campylobacter in slaughter processes should be strengthened.

Objective To provide a reference basis for the establishment of ideal animal models of leukemia,the characteristics of animal models of leukemia was summarized.Methods The themes of"leukemia"and"animal"were searched in CNKI databases.The relevant literature on animal experiments of leukemia from January 2010 to August 2024 were screened.And a database by Excel 2017 tables was established by organizing their research animal strains,modeling methods and testing indexes to analyze the characteristics of leukemia animal models.Results After comparative analysis,it was found that the animal strains in modeling were BALB/C-nude mice(40 times,29.86%)and NOD/SCID mice(32 times,23.88%),respectively.The modeling method was transplanted cells(127 times,93.38%),and the detection indexes were pathological tissues(80 times,14.84%),blood smears(75 times.13.91%),general condition(73 times,13.54%),bone marrow smear(73 times,13.54%),flow cytometry(55 times,10.20%),blood routine(50 times,9.28%).Conclusion The existing animal models of leukemia are complex and diverse.

Objective To investigate the value of synthetic MRI(syMRI)for evaluating structural changes of brain nuclei and white matter in patients with Parkinson disease(PD).Methods Forty-five PD patients(PD group)and 35 healthy controls(HC group)were prospectively enrolled.Head scanning with strategically acquired gradient echo sequence was performed,then syMRI was obtained with post-processing.The values of T1,proton density(PrD),R2* and magnetic sensitivity values(MSV)of nuclei and white matter were measured based on syMRI and compared between groups.The correlations of syMRI quantitative parameters of nuclei and white matter being significantly different between groups with neurological function scores of subject were analyzed,and a combined model was established using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve was drawn,the efficacy of single syMRI quantitative parameter and combined model for diagnosing PD was evaluated.Results Compared with HC group,T1 and PrD values of bilateral caudate nuclei decreased,while MSV of bilateral substatia nigra and right red nucleus increased(all FDR correction P＜0.05),while T1 and PrD values of bilateral splenium of corpus callosum,PrD values of left posterior limbs of the internal capsule(PLIC),R2* values of bilateral PLIC and right genu of the corpus callosum decreased in PD group(all FDR correction P＜0.05).syMRI quantitative parameters of the above brain regions were correlated with scores of Montreal cognitive assessment and Hamilton anxiety scale(r=-0.390-0.416,all P＜0.01).The area under the curve of single syMRI quantitative parameter for diagnosing PD was 0.664-0.788,lower than that of combined model(0.905,Z=2.653-4.096,all P＜0.05).Conclusion SyMRI could be used to quantitatively evaluate structural changes of brain nuclei and white matter in PD patients.

The circadian clock plays a critical role in regulating various physiological processes, including gene expression, metabolic regulation, immune response, and the sleep-wake cycle in living organisms. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are crucial regulatory mechanisms to maintain the precise oscillation of the circadian clock. By modulating the stability, activity, cell localization and protein-protein interactions of core clock proteins, PTMs enable these proteins to respond dynamically to environmental and intracellular changes, thereby sustaining the periodic oscillations of the circadian clock. Different types of PTMs exert their effects through distincting molecular mechanisms, collectively ensuring the proper function of the circadian system. This review systematically summarized several major types of PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation and oxidative modification, and overviewed their roles in regulating the core clock proteins and the associated pathways, with the goals of providing a theoretical foundation for the deeper understanding of clock mechanisms and the treatment of diseases associated with circadian disruption.
Protein Processing, Post-Translational/physiology* ; Circadian Rhythm/physiology* ; Humans ; Animals ; CLOCK Proteins/physiology* ; Circadian Clocks/physiology* ; Phosphorylation ; Acetylation ; Ubiquitination ; Sumoylation