OBJECTIVE To study the pharmacological substance basis of Shaoyao gancao decoction for relieving acute and chronic pain. METHODS The antispasmodic effect of Shaoyao gancao decoction， ethyl acetate extract of Shaoyao gancao decoction and its effluent part of macroporous resin and 90% ethanol elution part of macroporous resin （the concentration of 4 drugs was 13.44 g/mL according to crude drug） was observed by in vitro small intestine tension test in rats. The acetic acid writhing test was conducted in mice to evaluate the analgesic effects of macroporous resin efflux site and macroporous resin 90% ethanol elution site （the dosage of 2.4 g/kg according to crude drug）. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL- 1β）， prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） and cyclooxygenase-2 （COX-2） in serum of mice were detected. The serum prototype and metabolites of mice after intragastric administration of macroporous resin 90% ethanol elution site were identified by high performance liquid chromatogre-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. RESULTS In vitro experiment showed that 90% ethanol eluting part of macroporous resin represented the best antispasmodic effect， and the inhibitory rate of small intestine tension was significantly higher than macroporous resin efflux site of Shaoyao gancao decoction （P＜0.05） without statistical significance， compared with Shaoyao gancao decoction （P＞0.05）. In the acetic acid writhing experiment， compared with model group， the writhing times of mice in the macroporous resin 90% ethanol elution part group were reduced significantly （P＜0.05）， the writhing latency was prolonged significantly （P＜0.05）， and the levels of COX-2， IL-1β， PGE2 and TNF-α in serum were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Ten kinds of protoproducts including paeoniflorin and glycyrrhizic acid were identified from serum of mice， and twenty-two kinds of metabolites including hydroxylated glycyrrhizin and glucosylated liquiritin were identified. CONCLUSIONS The effective part of Shaoyao gancao decoction for relieving acute and chronic pain is 90% ethanol elution part prepared by macroporous resin from the ethyl acetate extract. Ten components， including glycyrrhetinic acid and paeoniflorin， may be the basis of its pharmacological substances.

Objective:To summarize the clinical experience in treating acute superior mesenteric artery embolization with intestinal necrosis.Methods:Clinical data, surgical methods, complications and 30-day follow-up of patients with acute superior mesenteric artery embolization and intestinal necrosis admitted at Xijing Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University from Jan 2008 to Dec 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:A total of 46 patients were included. The 30-day overall mortality rate was 19.6%, and that of those treated by enterostomy after enterectomy was 12.1%, and that was 38.5% in those undergoing primary entero-anastomosis after enterectomy. Univariate analysis showed that rebound pain was positive ( P=0.025), MAP was higher than 105mmHg ( P=0.04), heart rate was less than 120 beats/min ( P=0.04), and Fullen intestinal ischemia grade ( P=0.03) was significantly related to survival rates. Conclusions:Rebound pain, MAP, heart rate, Fullen grade, and surgical methods significantly affect the prognosis of patients. More patients survive with intestinal resection and enterostomy than those with intestinal resection and immediate anastomosis.

OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of fondaparinux versus low molecular weight heparin（nadroparin，enoxaparin）in the treatment of non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome （NSTE-ACS）. METHODS The computer searched PubMed ，Medline，Embase，EBSCO，CNKI，Wanfang medical network ，VIP Chinese Journal Full-text Database and relevant clinical trial registration network for the clinical retrospective cohort study （RCS）of fondaparinux （as trial group）and low molecular weight heparin （natroparin，enoxaparin）（as control group ）in the treatment of NSTE-ACS. The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to August 2021. Newcastle Ottawa scale （NOS）was used to evaluate the quality of literature. Outcome indicators included primary efficacy indicators （incidence of acute myocardial infarction and recurrent angina pectoris during hospitalization ），secondary efficacy indicators [revascularization of target vessels during 话：0835-2862024。E-mail：xiexingxing07@163.com hospitalization， prothrombin time （PT）， activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT）]，safety indicators （incidence of serious cardiovascular events ，severe bleeding ，slight bleeding and severe puncture site co mplications during hospitalization ），combined endpoint indicators （30 and 180 days combined endpoint）. RevMan 5.3 software was used for Meta-analysis of each effect index. RESULTS Finally，17 RCS articles were included，involving 4 946 patients with NSTE-ACS ，including 2 507 in the trial group and 2 439 in the control group.The results of NOS literature quality evaluation showed that there were 8 high-quality studies ，accounting for 47.06％ . The results of Meta-analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of acute myocardial infarction ，recurrent angina pectoris，revascularization of target vessels ，PT and serious cardiovascular events between 2 groups （P＞0.05）；there was significant difference in the APTT （MD＝1.34，95％CI of 0.22-2.45，P＜0.05），the incidence of severe bleeding （RR＝0.47， 95％CI of 0.30-0.74，P＜0.05），the incidence of slight bleeding （RR＝0.48，95％CI of 0.32-0.71，P＜0.05），the incidence of severe puncture site complications （RR＝0.48，95％CI of 0.25-0.95，P＜0.05），30 day combined endpoint （RR＝0.57，95％CI of 0.46-0.72，P＜0.05），180 days combined endpoint （RR＝0.73，95％CI of 0.54-0.98，P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Fondaparinux in the treatment of NSTE-ACS in China has the same efficacy as low molecular weight heparin （nadroparin，enoxaparin），and has more obvious advantages in drug safety such as bleeding ，severe puncture site complications.

Autoimmune Diseases ; Diastole ; Humans ; Uric Acid ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; Ventricular Function, Left

For a long time, the cultivation of medical students’ scientific research and innovation abilitymainly depends on scattered extracurricular scientific research activities. With limited students, unsystematic teaching and inadequate administrative guarantee, it often results in obvious weakness andinefficiency. Since 2002, the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology teaching team in Shantou UniversityMedical College has been working on a “3+X” model to nurture the scientific research and innovationability of medical students. Guided by the concepts of complementary development of science andeducation, student-centeredness, and Problem-based Learning, a model is established based on the‘HEART” professionalism courses and the academy culture specific to Shantou University. We also takefull advantage of the first-tier disciplines of biology, basic medicine and clinical medicine in ShantouUniversity and collaborate with other professional teaching teams. It is conceptualized in a framework thatembraces the comprehensive connotation of scientific research and innovation ability and adopts a corecurriculum system that runs through the 5-year medical undergraduate education. In this model, " 3" means " whole-person training", " whole-process training" and " omni-directional training" for medicalstudents; " X" refers to several confirmatory dimensions of the operational effectiveness of the " 3+X" model, including organizing medical students to participate in various forms of national college students’ innovative experimental research competitions, international college students’ academic seminars, writingand publishing academic papers by medical undergraduates as the first author, etc. The model proves tobe effective in cultivating the scientific research and innovation ability of medical students, hence settinga good example to solve the current problems in the cultivation of medical students’ scientific researchand innovation ability.

Objective: To investigate the impact of parental conflict perception on adolescent anxiety and the therapeutic effect of family therapy on adolescent anxiety. Methods: A total of 120 adolescent anxiety patients who attend the psychological clinic of the fourth renming hospital in Hefei were selected and were divided into two groups, the treatment group and control group, impact clinical medication while the treatment group recevied both clinical medication and family therapy(for three months). Parents Conflict Consciousness Scale(CPIC), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was used to assess parents conflict consciousness of adolescent anxiety. Effects of family therapy on teenagers anxiety and CPIC, HAMA score were analyzed. Results: CPIC conflict intensity, threats of cognitive conflict and content for adolescent anxiety were positively correlated with HAMA scores(r=0.26, 0.20, 0.18, P<0.05), At the end of the three-month treatment, the score on HAMA and CPIC of the treatment group (HAMA: 9.23±1.98, CPIC: 9.52±2.35) was significantly lower than that of the control group(HAMA: 14.52±2.66, CPIC:11.98±2.55)(t=11.88, 5.48, P<0.01). HAMA and CPIC scores of patients in both groups significantly decreased compared to before treatment(control group t=13.88, 16.84; treatment group t=20.50, 21.89, P<0.01). Conclusion Parental conflict perception shows impact on adolescent anxiety, and family therapy can reduce parental conflict perception and relieve adolescent anxiety.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the active compounds and the molecular mechanism of Cyathula Officinalis as a drug treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: The target genes of active ingredients from Cyathula Officinalis were obtained from bioinformatics analysis tool for the molecular mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine. The protein-protein interaction between the target genes were analyzed using STRING and Genemania. The transcriptome of RA patients compared to healthy people (GSE121894) were analyzed using R program package Limma. The relative expression of the target genes was obtained from the RNA-seq datasets. The molecular docking analyses were processed based on the molecular model of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) binding with estradiol (PDB ID:1A52). The binding details were analyzed by SYBYL. RESULTS: Inokosterone, ecdysterone, and cyaterone were the 3 active ingredients from Cyathula Officinalis that bind to target genes. Of all the significantly changed genes from RA patients, ESR1, ADORA1, and ANXA1 were significantly increased in mRNA samples of RA patients. CONCLUSION ESR1, the transcription factor that binds inokosterone in the molecular binding analysis, is the target protein of Cyathula Officinalis.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid/genetics* ; Cholestenes ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Pharmaceutical Preparations

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of P-GEMOX (pegaspargase, gemcitabine and oxaliplatin) as a first-line regimen for the treatment of primary extranasal nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL).Methods:The clinical manifestations, treatment response and prognosis of 7 patients with primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL who underwent P-GEMOX chemotherapy as a first-line therapy in Shenzhen People's Hospital from September 2015 to October 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The median age of 7 patients with primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL was 41 years old (27-74 years old), which was more commonly found in males (6 cases); the primary and invading extranasal sites included ileocecal, lymph nodes, skin, testis, adrenal gland, central nervous system, etc. The P-GEMOX regimen was used as a first-line therapy, although some patients had a short-term effect, all patients eventually progressed rapidly and died. The overall survival time was 2 weeks to 21 months.Conclusion:The short-term efficacy of P-GEMOX as a first-line therapy for the treatment of primary extranasal nasal-type NKTCL is acceptable, but the long-term efficacy is poor.

Objective: To observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine foment package in spontaneous heat position pad to prevent lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (LEDVT) during general anesthesia. Methods: From April 2018 to April 2019, 160 cases during general anesthesia were selected and divided into the control group(common hot pad for leg and knee) and the experimental group(self-control position pad for leg and knee) with 80 cases each by the random number table method. The coagulation function and deep venous thrombosis were observed and compared between the two groups. Results: There was no significant difference in coagulation function between the two groups on the 1 day before operation (P > 0.05). The level of D-dimer, prothrombin time, fibrinogen, platelet count on the 5 days after operation was (1.28 ± 0.39) g/L, (11.75 ± 0.81) s, (4.37 ± 0.71) g/L, (203.39 ± 32.12)×10⁹/L in the control group, and (0.96 ± 0.17) g/L, (11.45 ± 0.67) s, (3.93 ± 0.65) g/L, (186.10 ± 34.69)×10⁹/L in the experimental group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (t=2.553-6.728, P <0.01). The incidence of LEDVT on the 5 day after operation was 4%(3/80) in the experimental group and 18% (77/80) in the control group, and there was significant difference between the two groups (χ²=5.005, P<0.05). Conclusions The spontaneous fever knee pad with traditional Chinese medicine foment package can improve the blood coagulation function of general anesthesia patients, and the incidence of LEDVT is lower than that of the control group 5 days after operation.

Inflammatory cytokines can mediate many biological processes and are tightly regulated by the body. Loss of control can trigger a range of diseases such as autoimmune inflammation and cancer. Therefore, a number of biological agents that can effectively regulate the biological effects of inflammatory cytokines such as recombinant anti-inflammatory cytokines, cytokine receptors and neutralizing antibodies have been extensively used in the treatment of related diseases caused by the imbalance of inflammatory cytokines. In recent years, in particular, a number of new innovative biological agents for blocking and regulating cytokine activities are emerging. In this article, we review the recent development and clinical use of the biologics targeting TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-17, and point out their inherent limitations and clinical risks. Finally, based on the research findings of our own and other scholars, we suggest some approaches and methods for reducing their side-effects and clinical risk. We consider that using modern biotechnology to improve the tissue specificity to inflammatory site and tumor will be an important development direction of such biologics.
Biological Products ; metabolism ; Cytokines ; Humans ; Inflammation