Objective To investigate the differences of language abilities between children with developmental delay(DD)and those with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)aged 3-6 years,and to provide references for clinical differential diagnosis and subsequent rehabilitation therapy.Methods In this study,61 cases of DD children and 61 cases of ASD chil-dren were selected.The language ability of children was assessed using the"Children's Language Ability Assessment Stand-ards and Methods",which evaluated grammar,comprehension,expression and communication abilities.Results Children with DD showed better comprehension and social skills but weaker grammar and expressive abilities.Children with ASD generally had lower levels in all language areas.There was no significant difference in the average language ability or expres-sive ability the two groups(P＞0.05),but the language comprehension ability and communication ability of the ASD group were significantly lower than those of the DD group(P＜0.05).The grammar ability of the ASD group was higher than that of the DD group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of different language areas of children with DD and ASD children are significantly different.Language ability tests can assist in the differential diagnosis of DD and ASD children,and provide reference for language rehabilitation training.

Objective To investigate the differences of language abilities between children with developmental delay(DD)and those with autism spectrum disorder(ASD)aged 3-6 years,and to provide references for clinical differential diagnosis and subsequent rehabilitation therapy.Methods In this study,61 cases of DD children and 61 cases of ASD chil-dren were selected.The language ability of children was assessed using the"Children's Language Ability Assessment Stand-ards and Methods",which evaluated grammar,comprehension,expression and communication abilities.Results Children with DD showed better comprehension and social skills but weaker grammar and expressive abilities.Children with ASD generally had lower levels in all language areas.There was no significant difference in the average language ability or expres-sive ability the two groups(P＞0.05),but the language comprehension ability and communication ability of the ASD group were significantly lower than those of the DD group(P＜0.05).The grammar ability of the ASD group was higher than that of the DD group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The levels of different language areas of children with DD and ASD children are significantly different.Language ability tests can assist in the differential diagnosis of DD and ASD children,and provide reference for language rehabilitation training.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the early clinical efficacy and safety of trans-catheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for patients with severe pure native aortic regurgitation (PNAR) who are not suitable for conventional surgical aortic valve replace-ment. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 48 patients with PNAR who underwent TAVR at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between March 2019 and February 2025. These included 25 cases with transfemoral approach (TF-TAVR group) and 23 cases with transapical approach (TA-TAVR group). Efficacy and safety were assessed by analyzing baseline characteristics, all-cause mortality, and procedure-related complications. RESULTS: Compared with the TA-TAVR group, the TF-TAVR group exhibited significantly smaller aortic annulus circumference and diameter, left ventricular outflow tract circumference and diameter, diameters of the left, right, and non-coronary sinuses, and sinotubular junction (STJ) diameter, along with a shorter distance from the STJ to the aortic annular plane ring plane, a smaller annulus angle (all P<0.05). Additionally, the TF-TAVR group showed a deeper prosthesis implantation depth relative to the aortic annular plane (P<0.01). The overall technical success rate was 91.67%, and the device success rate was 83.33%. Post-TAVR, both groups demonstrated significant improvement in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (both P<0.05), while only the TA-TAVR group showed significant reduction in left ventricular end-systolic diameter (P<0.05). For primary outcomes, in-hospital mortality occurred in 2 patients (4.17%). No additional deaths were reported at 60 or 90 d after surgery. During 90-180 d after surgery, one patient in the TF-TAVR group died of sudden cardiac death, and one in the TA-TAVR group died of gastroin-testinal bleeding. During 180 d-1 year after surgery, one patient in the TF-TAVR group died of low cardiac output syndrome. No statistically significant differences were observed in 1-year Kaplan-Meier survival curves between the two groups (P>0.05). No conduction block events occurred in TA-TAVR group during hospitalization or 1-year follow-up, while high-grade atrioventricular block, left bundle branch block, permanent pacemaker implantation occurred in TF-TAVR group during hospitalization (12.00%, 4.00%, and 12.00%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS TAVR demonstrates high feasibility and acceptable safety for severe PNAR patients who are not suitable for conventional SAVR. Both TF-TAVR and TA-TAVR show comparable early postoperative efficacy and safety profiles.
Humans ; Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement/adverse effects* ; Aortic Valve Insufficiency/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Male ; Female ; Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Aortic Valve/surgery* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Heart Valve Prosthesis

[Objective]Using CiteSpace software to visualize and analyse the literature related to acupuncture treatment of post-stroke dysphagia in China,to reveal the dynamics of frontiers and the evolution of hotspots in this field,as well as provide suggestions and references for future research.[Methods]By searching the three major Chinese databases,China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI),Wanfang Data and China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP),the literature related to acupuncture treatment of post-stroke dysphagia was retrieved between the establishment of these databases and June 2023.Then the data issuance,authors,institutions,keywords clustering and keywords emergence were analyzed and presented in a visualization map or chart with CiteSpace 6.1.R6 software.[Results]After searching and screening,a total of 1 585 relevant literatures were included,and the overall trend of the number of studies within the field showed a steady increase in terms of the number of publications.However,links among study authors are scattered and mostly intra-institutional.At the same time,the connection among institutions for cross-regional collaboration is not close enough.Keywords clustering analysis showed that the type of research in the literature mainly consists overviews and clinical randomized controlled trial(RCT).In terms of treatment approaches,the use of combination of multiple therapies is common.The time zone map reflects the continuous process of refinement of acupuncture therapies,from which the creation of a series of new types of acupuncture therapies could be observed.[Conclusion]The field of acupuncture for the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia is becoming increasingly sophisticated.It is predicted that the combination of acupuncture with other common therapies for the treatment of post-stroke dysphagia will remain a hot research topic in the coming years.Meanwhile,there will be a new trend towards integrating resources and conducting high-quality clinical studies with multi-centre collaboration.

Objective: To explore two visual acuity standards for examining uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) to define poor vision in lower grade elementary school students, and to compare the difference of screening myopia rates when combined with non cycloplegic auto refraction (NCAR), so as to provide a scientific basis for standardizing UCVA examination methods using CAR as the gold standard of authenticity and reliability. Methods: From March 22nd to April 9th, 2023, a total of 549 first and second grade students aged 7-8 years from a primary school in Hefei City were selected for the study by convenient cluster sampling method. Two methods were employed for UCVA examination:the first method involved charts where the student could not make mistakes in identifying at least half of the characters per line (V1), and the second method used charts with character sizes ranging from 4.0 -4.5, 4.6-5.0 and 5.1-5.3, without allowing 1, 2 and 3 errors per line (V2). While NCAR was performed, then 187 students underwent CAR examination. Paired Wilcoxon rank-sum test and McNemar test were used to compare the differences between V1 and V2 methods in defining poor vision and screening myopia rates. Using CAR as the gold standard, the authenticity and reliability of defining screening myopia rates through the combination of V1 and V2 methods along with NCAR were evaluated. Results: The UCVA examination results for V1 and V2 showed statistically significant differences in both the right eye [5.0(4.9,5.0), 4.9(4.8,5.0)] and the left eye [ 5.0 (4.9,5.0), 4.9(4.8,5.0)] ( Z=-13.95, -13.34, P <0.01). The detection rates of poor vision for the right eye were 43.53% for V1 and 63.21% for V2, and the left eye with 44.08% for V1 and 62.11% for V2, with statistically significant differences ( χ 2= 106.01 , 95.09, P <0.01). When screening myopia rates were assessed for UCNA methods combined with NCAR, the right eye rates were 21.49% for V1 and 24.59% for V2, and the left eye rates were 21.31% for V1 and 23.13% for V2, with statistically significant differences ( χ 2=15.06, 8.10, P <0.01). Using CAR as the gold standard, the detection rates in the right eye and left eye were 16.58 % and 17.11%, respectively. The Youden indices for defining screening myopia in the right eye were 0.80 for V1 and 0.79 for V2, and the left eye with 0.85 for V1 and 0.83 for V2. The agreement rates for the right eye were 91.98 % for V1 and 89.30% for V2, and the left eye with 94.12% for V1 and 91.98% for V2. The Kappa values for the right eye were 0.73 for V1 and 0.67 for V2, and the left eye with 0.81 for V1 and 0.75 for V2. Conclusions Authenticity and reliability of two UCVA examination methods combined with NCAR in defining screening myopia are higher in V1 than V2 methods. It is recommended to unify the visual acuity examination methods by requiring the correct identification of more than half of the total number of visual markers in a row.

Objective:To investigate the correlation between computed tomography (CT) findings and serum micrornA-497 (miR-497), carbohydrate polypeptide antigen 24-2 (CA24-2) and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) expression in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).Methods:A total of 64 CRC patients admitted to the Jiangsu Cancer Hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were prospectively selected, and the surgical pathological results were used as the gold standard. Preoperative CT examination and serum miR-497, CA24-2 and HBsAg levels were performed in all patients. The CT images of the patients were analyzed. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between CT findings and serum miR-497, CA24-2 and HBsAg expression levels in CRC patients.Results:The CT imaging features of CRC patients were as follows: The intestinal wall was semi-annular in 37.50%(24/64), annular in 32.81%(21/64), localized thickening in 29.69%(19/64), the intestinal lumen was irregular and narrow, and most of the periintestinal fat was blurred in 59.38%(38/64). 67.19%(43/64) showed uneven enhancement, 51.56%(33/64) had lymph node metastasis and 43.75%(28/64) had liver metastasis. Lymph node metastasis in CRC patients was correlated with serum miR-497 and CA24-2 levels (all P<0.05), but not with serum HBsAg levels ( P>0.05). Liver metastasis in CRC patients was associated with serum HBsAg expression ( P<0.05), but not with serum miR-497 and CA24-2 levels (all P>0.05). Other CT findings of CRC patients were not correlated with serum miR-497, CA24-2 and HBsAg levels (all P>0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that lymph node metastasis in CRC patients was negatively correlated with the expression level of serum miR-497 ( r=-0.491, P<0.05), while positively correlated with the expression level of serum CA24-2 ( r=0.506, P<0.05). There was no correlation with serum HBsAg expression level ( P>0.05). The occurrence of liver metastasis in CRC patients was negatively correlated with the expression level of serum HBsAg ( r=-0.529, P<0.05), but was not correlated with the expression levels of serum miR-497 and CA24-2 (all P>0.05). Conclusions:CT imaging findings can evaluate the biological behavior of tumor cells in CRC patients to a certain extent, and have a certain correlation with the expression levels of serum miR-497, CA24-2 and HBsAg, which can reflect the lymph node and liver metastasis of tumors, and provide a basis for clinical comprehensive treatment and prognosis prediction of patients.

Background/Aims: There is less acid burden in Chinese gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients. However, the Lyon consensus proposed a higher threshold of acid exposure time (AET > 6%) for GERD. The aims are to apply the updated criteria in Chinese GERD patients and clarify its influence on clinical outcome. Methods: Patients who were referred for both esophageal high-resolution manometry and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring due to reflux symptoms were retrospectively screened. Those patients with AET > 4% was included and grouped into either AET 4-6% or AET > 6%. Their manometric profile, reflux profile, and response to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were evaluated. Adjunctive evidence proposed in the Lyon consensus was added in patients with AET 4-6% for therapeutic gain. Another group of patients (n = 144) with AET < 4% were included as non-GERD patients. Results: In total, 151 patients (102 males) were included with 113 patients AET > 6% (74.9%). GERD patients with AET > 4% were with more male, older patients, and higher body mass index compared with non-GERD patients. Meanwhile, GERD patients were less competent in esophagogastric junction pressure. However, the manometric and reflux profile were similar between patients with AET > 6% and 4-6%. The response rate of PPI therapy was 64.6% and 63.2%, respectively, in groups of AET > 6% and 4-6% (P > 0.05). When adjunctive evidence was added in patients with AET 4-6%, no therapeutic gain was obtained. Conclusions The efficacy of PPI therapy was similar in patients with AET > 6% and 4-6%. The increase of the AET threshold did not influence the clinical outcome of Chinese GERD patients.

Background/Aims: Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is characterized by elevated integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) and preserved esophageal peristalsis. The clinical significance of EGJOO is uncertain. This study aim to describe the clinical characteristics of these patients and to find out potential parameters to predict patients’ symptom outcome. Methods: Consecutive patients who received high-resolution manometry examination in our hospital in 2013-2019 and met the diagnostic criteria of EGJOO were retrospectively included. Motility and reflux parameters as well as endoscopy and barium esophagogram results were studied and compared. Patients were also followed up to record their treatment methods and symptom outcomes. Results: A total of 138 EGJOO (accounting for 5.2% of total patients taking high-resolution manometry examination in our hospital) patients were included. Only 2.9% of these patients had persistent dysphagia. A total of 81.8% of EGJOO patients had symptom resolution during follow-up. Patients with persistent dysphagia had significantly higher upright IRP (16.6 [10.3, 19.8] vs 7.8 [3.2, 11.5]; P = 0.026) than those without. Upright IRP can effectively distinguished patients with persistent dysphagia (area under curve: 0.826; P = 0.026) using optimal cut-off value of 9.05 mmHg. Conclusion EGJOO patients with persistent dysphagia and higher upright IRP (median > 9.05 mmHg) needs further evaluation and aggressive management.

Background/Aims: Esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction (EGJOO) is characterized by elevated integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) and preserved esophageal peristalsis. The clinical significance of EGJOO is uncertain. This study aim to describe the clinical characteristics of these patients and to find out potential parameters to predict patients’ symptom outcome. Methods: Consecutive patients who received high-resolution manometry examination in our hospital in 2013-2019 and met the diagnostic criteria of EGJOO were retrospectively included. Motility and reflux parameters as well as endoscopy and barium esophagogram results were studied and compared. Patients were also followed up to record their treatment methods and symptom outcomes. Results: A total of 138 EGJOO (accounting for 5.2% of total patients taking high-resolution manometry examination in our hospital) patients were included. Only 2.9% of these patients had persistent dysphagia. A total of 81.8% of EGJOO patients had symptom resolution during follow-up. Patients with persistent dysphagia had significantly higher upright IRP (16.6 [10.3, 19.8] vs 7.8 [3.2, 11.5]; P = 0.026) than those without. Upright IRP can effectively distinguished patients with persistent dysphagia (area under curve: 0.826; P = 0.026) using optimal cut-off value of 9.05 mmHg. Conclusion EGJOO patients with persistent dysphagia and higher upright IRP (median > 9.05 mmHg) needs further evaluation and aggressive management.

Objective:To analyze the bibliometric indicators of Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine from 2014 to 2018, so as to improve its academic level and influence. Methods:Based on the statistical data from the core edition of the Chinese S& T Journal Citation Reports and part of the data provided by Wanfang Database Journal Bibliometric Evaluation Center, the changes of bibliometric indicators of Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine from 2014 to 2018 were analyzed, including the impact factor, the citation frequency, the immediacy index, the cited half-life, the amount of published papers, the ratio of funded papers, and the number of papers published by high impact authors. Results:Among the cited indicators of the journal from 2014 to 2018, the impact factor showed an increasing trend year by year, and the highest year was in 2018 (0.757); the lowest citation frequency was in 2014 (86 times), the highest one was in 2018 (148 times), and there was a slightly fluctuation of that from 2015 to 2017; the lowest immediacy index was in 2014 (0.055), the highest one was in 2017 (0.105), and there was a slight decrease in the immediacy index in 2018 compared with that in 2017; the cited half-life showed a decreasing trend year by year, with the highest in 2014 (6.4 years) and the lowest in 2018 (4.3 years); among the source indicators, the amount of published papers slightly fluctuated from 2014 to 2018, with the lowest in 2018 (129 articles) and the highest in 2015 (187 articles); the highest ratio of funded papers was in 2015 (38.0%, 71/187) and the lowest was in 2016 (19.8%, 34/172); from 2014 to 2018, the number of papers published by high impact authors decreased year by year, with the highest in 2014 and 2015 (both were 94 articles) and the lowest in 2018 (39 articles).Conclusion:The bibliometric indicators of Chinese Journal of Nautical Medicine and Hyperbaric Medicine from 2014 to 2018 are generally good, and the information output, academic influence and level of the journal are steadily improving. Yet, more active measures should be taken to maintain and improve the academic quality of papers published on the journal to increase its academic influence and international dissemination.