Objective To retrieve,extract,evaluate,and integrate the relevant evidence of postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation management in patients with lung cancer complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,so as to provide an evidence-based basis for improving the quality of postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation.Methods Relevant literature on postoperative pulmonary rehabilitation of lung cancer complicated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were searched by computer from clinical decisions,guideline websites,professional association websites,and comprehensive databases.The types of the literature included clinical decisions,guidelines,expert consensuses,evidence summaries,systematic reviews,meta-analyses,and randomized controlled trials.The retrieval time limit was from the establishment of the database to September 2023.Results A total of 19 articles were included,including 4 clinical decisions,3 guidelines,6 expert consensuses,1 evidence summary,3 systematic reviews,and 2 randomized controlled trials.Through reading,extraction and classification,23 pieces of best evidence were finally formed,including multidisciplinary cooperation,evaluation,pulmonary rehabilitation strategies and health education.Conclusion This study summarizes the best evidence for postoperative lung rehabilitation management in patients with lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Clinical medical staff can implement practical evidence for postoperative lung rehabilitation based on actual situations,and promote the transformation of evidence-based knowledge into practice.

Objective:To evaluate the incidence and case fatality rate of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among populations in urban and rural communities in eastern, central and western regions of China.Methods:The present study was based on the data of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE)-China cohort, which enrolled participants who had at least one follow-up visit and complete information on age and sex. Information on baseline demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and prevention and treatment for CVD were collected. CVD and mortality events were documented using the standardized case report form of the PURE Global Study to assess the incidence and case fatality rate of CVD among populations in urban and rural communities in eastern, central and western China.Results:This study included a total of 47 262 community-dwelling participants (age: (51.1±9.6) years; female, n=27 529, 58.2%) from 115 urban and rural communities in 12 provinces across the eastern, central, and western regions of China. Over a follow-up period of 11.9 (9.5, 12.6) years, 2 686 deaths and 5 873 cardiovascular events were documented. The incidence of CVD was 11.90 (95%CI: 11.60-12.21)/1 000 person-years. A significant difference in CVD incidence was observed across regions ( Ptrend<0.001), which was highest in the western provinces (13.99 (95% CI: 13.33-14.65)/1 000 person-years), intermediate in the eastern provinces (11.92 (95% CI: 11.52-12.33)/1 000 person-years), and lowest in the central provinces (8.87 (95% CI: 8.25-9.50)/1 000 person-years). The 1-year case fatality rate of CVD demonstrated an increasing trend from eastern to western regions (eastern: 10.20% (95% CI: 6.95-14.73); central: 13.50% (95% CI: 9.90-18.14); western: 18.62% (95% CI: 14.95-22.94); Ptrend<0.001). Moreover, the incidence of major CVD was consistently higher in rural areas compared with urban areas across eastern ( P<0.001), central ( P=0.01) and western ( P<0.001)_regions, respectively. The 1-year case fatality rate in rural areas was also significantly higher compared with that in urban areas in both eastern ( P<0.001) and western regions ( P=0.02). Conclusions:The incidence and case fatality rate of CVD were high among middle-aged population in China, especially those in western regions with low socioeconomic levels and in rural areas.

Inhalation of crystalline silicon dioxide particles can induce silicosis, and the development of silicosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been established as a major proinflammatory receptor for sensing environmental danger signals. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes after phagocytosis of silicon dioxide particles by pulmonary macrophages may be an important mechanism to induce oxidative stress and sustained inflammatory response in the lung. This article summarizes the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the inflammatory response and pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis, and analyzes it as a potential target for silicosis treatment.

Inhalation of crystalline silicon dioxide particles can induce silicosis, and the development of silicosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of pulmonary inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been established as a major proinflammatory receptor for sensing environmental danger signals. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes after phagocytosis of silicon dioxide particles by pulmonary macrophages may be an important mechanism to induce oxidative stress and sustained inflammatory response in the lung. This article summarizes the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the inflammatory response and pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis, and analyzes it as a potential target for silicosis treatment.

Objective To analyze the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for patients with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome in the orthopedic department of Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. Methods The data of TCM internal prescriptions for patients with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome in the orthopedic department of Dongfang Hospital from 2019 to 2022 were analyzed using Excel software. The times of usage, frequency, and dosage of prescribed drugs, along with the medicinal properties, meridian tropism, and functional classification of the top 30 herbs were calculated. The association rules in SQL server 2008 R2 software were used for data mining to analyze the compatibility patterns and core medications in TCM prescriptions for orthopedic patients with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. Results Among the orthopedic TCM prescriptions, the top five herbs with the highest usage frequency were Fuling, Danggui, Baishao, Zexie, Chuanxiong; the top 30 frequently used herbs were mainly sweet, warm, bitter, and pungent flavors; their meridian tropism was primarily the liver, spleen, and kidney meridians; and their primary functions were to activate blood circulation and dispel blood stasis, tonify deficiency, and promote diuresis and eliminate dampness. The medicinal properties, functions, and core medications of TCM prescriptions were in line with the principle of treating both the symptoms and the root causes of orthopedic diseases with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome. There were serious issues of overdosage in uthe se of prepared Baifuzi, Banxia(different processed products), and Shuizhi. Conclusion The analysis of medication patterns of TCM for orthopedic diseases through data mining methods can clarify the characteristics of medication use and identify issues of clinical overdosage, providing a basis for rational and safe clinical medication.

A colon-specific drug delivery system has great potential for the oral administration of colorectal cancer. However, the uncontrollable in vivo fate of liposomes makes their effectiveness for colonic location, and intratumoral accumulation remains unsatisfactory. Here, an oral colon-specific drug delivery system (CBS-CS@Lipo/Oxp/MTZ) was constructed by covalently conjugating Clostridium butyricum spores (CBS) with drugs loaded chitosan (CS)-coated liposomes, where the model chemotherapy drug oxaliplatin (Oxp) and anti-anaerobic bacteria agent metronidazole (MTZ) were loaded. Following oral administration, CBS germinated into Clostridium butyricum (CB) and colonized in the colon. Combined with colonic specifically β-glucosidase responsive degrading of CS, dual colon-specific release of liposomes was achieved. And the accumulation of liposomes at the CRC site furtherly increased by 2.68-fold. Simultaneously, the released liposomes penetrated deep tumor tissue via the permeation enhancement effect of CS to kill localized intratumoral bacteria. Collaborating with blocking the translocation of intestinal pathogenic bacteria from lumen to tumor with the gut microbiota modulation of CB, the intratumoral pathogenic bacteria were eliminated fundamentally, blocking their recruitment to immunosuppressive cells. Furtherly, synchronized with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) released from MTZ-induced dead Fusobacterium nucleatum and the tumor-associated antigens produced by Oxp-caused immunogenic dead cells, they jointly enhanced tumor infiltration of CD8⁺ T cells and reactivated robust antitumor immunity.

Objective:To investigate the effect of inflation-free thyroid surgery on patient-specific immune function and inflammatory response.Methods:Sixty patients who underwent axillary endoscopic thyroid surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College from January 2021 to May 2023 were selected and randomly divided into an observation group and a control group using a random number table method, with 30 patients in each group. The control group underwent unilateral lobectomy and isthmus resection under transareola carbon dioxide inflation endoscopy, while the observation group underwent unilateral lobectomy and isthmus resection under transareola non inflation endoscopy. Compare the cellular immune related indicators, humoral immune related indicators, inflammatory response related indicators, as well as arterial blood partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO 2) and end-expiratory carbon dioxide (PetCO 2) levels at T 1, T 2, and T 3 time points before anesthesia induction (T 1), during adenoidectomy (T 2), at the end of surgery (T 3), on the first postoperative day (T 4), and on the second postoperative day (T 5) in two groups of patients. The measurement data is represented by xˉ±s, and independent sample t-test is used for comparison between the two groups; The comparison between two groups at multiple time points was conducted using two factor analysis of variance, and the pairwise comparison was conducted using LSD- t test; Counting data is represented as an example (%), and inter group comparisons are made using χ 2 Inspection. Results:At time point T 1, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups of patients in terms of cellular immune related indicators, humoral immune related indicators, and inflammatory response related indicators (all P>0.05). At time points T 2, T 3, T 4, and T 5, the CD3 +, CD4 +, CD4 +/CD8 + values and serum IgA, immunoglobulin A, immunoglobulin IgM The levels of immunoglobulin IgG were all lower than the T 1 time point in this group [control group: (31.49±5.37)%, (26.76±6.11)%, (34.75±5.99)%, (38.92±5.37)%, (51.78±5.90)%, (25.37±8.23)%, (19.12±7.13)%, (29.15±9.85)%, (33.49±8.03)%, (40.12±6.05)%, (0.97±0.28), (0.71±0.30), (1.11±0.36), (1.21±0.39)%, (1.69±0.41), (0.95±0.13), (0.91±0.14) (0.82±0.13), (0.96±0.16) g/L vs (1.21±0.20) g/L, (7.74±1.26), (7.33±1.31), (7.16±1.28), (7.82±1.31) g/L vs (9.18±1.52) g/L, (0.87±0.14), (0.86±0.13), (0.73±0.16), (0.88±0.15) g/L vs (1.16±0.22) g/L; Observation group: (35.82±5.71)%, (30.85±5.86)%, (39.43±5.68)%, (42.53±5.64)% vs (51.36±6.28)%, (30.39±9.76)%, (23.34±8.64)%, (34.68±11.37)%, (38.92±9.82)% vs (40.75±5.68)%, (1.15±0.35a), (0.89±0.38), (1.31±0.33), (1.52±0.37) vs (1.63±0.35), (1.04±0.17), (0.98±0.17) 0), (0.91±0.11a) (1.07±0.14) g/L vs (1.24±0.18) g/L, (8.51±1.35), (8.07±1.32), (7.93±1.34), (8.56±1.39) g/L vs (9.12±1.47) g/L, (0.95±0.11), (0.93±0.12), (0.83±0.18), (0.97±0.14) g/L vs (1.19±0.21) g/L], The CD8+values of both groups of patients were higher than those of the T 1 time point in this group, and at the T 4 time point, the control group was higher than the observation group [(29.89±8.99)% vs (25.70±6.91)%], with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). At time points T 2, T 3, T 4, and T 5, both groups of patients had serum IL-interleukin-1 levels β、Interleukin IL-6, TNF tumor necrosis factor α The levels of CRP and CRPC reactive protein were higher than those at T 1 time point in this group [control group: (3.92±1.80), (4.16±1.86), (5.81±2.14), (4.46±1.87) ng/L vs (1.36±0.61) ng/L, (5.76±2.78), (6.68±3.12), (9.73±3.12), (4.65±2.78) ng/L vs (0.92±0.60) ng/L, (1.02±0.42), (1.30±0.61), (7.82±2.28), (6.65±2.16) mg/L vs (0.57±0.16) mg/L, (4.48±2.04) (4.48±2.04), (6.45±2.52), (5.33±2.15) ng/L vs (2.86±1.03) ng/L; Observation group: (3.04±1.09), (3.29±1.14), (4.56±2.01), (3.52±1.34) ng/L vs (1.65±0.63) ng/L, (4.12±2.11), (5.07±2.98), (8.07±3.15), (3.22±2.69) ng/L vs (0.98±0.53) ng/L, (0.81±0.34), (1.00±0.50), (6.65±2.03), (5.43±1.93) mg/L vs (0.56±0.12) mg/L, (3.39±1.81), (3.89±1.81) 4±1.93), (5.11±2.10) (3.96±2.03) ng/L vs (2.91±1.09) ng/L], and the control group was higher than the observation group, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). At time point T 1, there was no statistically significant difference in PaCO 2 and PetCO 2 between the two groups of patients (both P>0.05); At time points T 2 and T 3, the levels of PaCO 2 [(44.1±4.1), (45.8±4.0) mmHg] and PetCO 2 [(40.8±4.0), (42.1±3.5) mmHg] in the control group were higher than those at time points T 1 [(38.4±1.8), (36.3±1.9) mmHg] and observation group [PaCO 2: (38.3±2.0), (38.6±2.6) mmHg; PetCO 2: (36.3±1.9), (36.5±2.9) mmHg] (all P<0.05), There was no statistically significant difference between the observation group and this group at T 1 time point (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Inflation-free lumpectomy thyroid surgery is worthwhile as it has less suppressive effect on specific immunity and causes less inflammatory response compared to inflatable lumpectomy thyroid surgery.

Objective:To analyze the phenotypic and genomic characteristics of Salmonella isolates recovered from meat products in Beijing wholesale markets. Methods:A total of 336 Salmonella strains from meat products collected from wholesale markets in Beijing were tested for antimicrobial resistance to 25 antimicrobial compounds by micro-broth dilution method; whole genome data were sequenced, followed by the serotype and ST type prediction by Seqsero2 and SISTR software, and the drug resistance genes and virulence factors were also predicted with CARD and VFDB databases of Abricate software; Salmonella serotyping assay kit and serum agglutination method were used for serotype confirmation of some isolates with different genome prediction results. Results:The resistance rates to Nalidixic acid and Ampicillin were 62.5% (210/336) and 55.1% (185/336), respectively, and all isolates were susceptible to Tigecyclin, Cefoxitin and Carbapenem antimicrobial compounds; 207 isolates (61.6%, 207/336) were multi-drug resistant, some could even be resistant to ten categories of drugs at the same time, and the most common antimicrobial resistance spectrum was NAL-AMP-SAM. A total of 24 serotypes were detected with predominant serotypes of Enteritidis (34.5%, 116/336), Derby (17.3%, 58/336) and Indiana (10.4%, 35/336). A total of 27 ST types were detected, the dominant type was ST11; ST types were in good consistency with serotypes; The detection rates of resistant genes referred to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, β-lactams, sulfonamides and tetracyclines are more than 48%, and the first two reached 100%. The prediction of drug resistance genes was consistent with the results of antimicrobial resistance phenotype. A total of 122 virulence genes were predicted, 74 of which existing among all isolates.Conclusion:Salmonella in meat from the wholesale markets of Beijing has a high proportion of multiple drug resistance, a complex drug resistance spectrum, a variety of serotypes and ST types, and a high carrying rate of drug resistance gene and virulence gene; drug resistance phenotype and genotype are relatively consistent.

Objective:To analyze the phenotypic and genomic characteristics of Salmonella isolates recovered from meat products in Beijing wholesale markets. Methods:A total of 336 Salmonella strains from meat products collected from wholesale markets in Beijing were tested for antimicrobial resistance to 25 antimicrobial compounds by micro-broth dilution method; whole genome data were sequenced, followed by the serotype and ST type prediction by Seqsero2 and SISTR software, and the drug resistance genes and virulence factors were also predicted with CARD and VFDB databases of Abricate software; Salmonella serotyping assay kit and serum agglutination method were used for serotype confirmation of some isolates with different genome prediction results. Results:The resistance rates to Nalidixic acid and Ampicillin were 62.5% (210/336) and 55.1% (185/336), respectively, and all isolates were susceptible to Tigecyclin, Cefoxitin and Carbapenem antimicrobial compounds; 207 isolates (61.6%, 207/336) were multi-drug resistant, some could even be resistant to ten categories of drugs at the same time, and the most common antimicrobial resistance spectrum was NAL-AMP-SAM. A total of 24 serotypes were detected with predominant serotypes of Enteritidis (34.5%, 116/336), Derby (17.3%, 58/336) and Indiana (10.4%, 35/336). A total of 27 ST types were detected, the dominant type was ST11; ST types were in good consistency with serotypes; The detection rates of resistant genes referred to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, β-lactams, sulfonamides and tetracyclines are more than 48%, and the first two reached 100%. The prediction of drug resistance genes was consistent with the results of antimicrobial resistance phenotype. A total of 122 virulence genes were predicted, 74 of which existing among all isolates.Conclusion:Salmonella in meat from the wholesale markets of Beijing has a high proportion of multiple drug resistance, a complex drug resistance spectrum, a variety of serotypes and ST types, and a high carrying rate of drug resistance gene and virulence gene; drug resistance phenotype and genotype are relatively consistent.

Objective:To understand the vancomycin dose, therapeutic drug monitoring(TDM) situation and therapeutic effect of children after liver transplantation.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the data of 98 children who received intravenous vancomycin treatment after liver transplantation were conducted in the Department of Critical Care Medicine of Beijing Friendship Hospital from January 2017 to June 2019, including demographic data, vancomycin dose, serum trough concentration, drug-related adverse reactions and clinical outcome data.Results:A total of 98 children received intravenous vancomycin treatment and at least one steady-state TDM blood sample was collected.Among them, 53 cases (54.1%) were male, and the median age was 9 months(5 months to 14 years old). The median first daily dose of vancomycin treatment was 50(30-60)mg/(kg·d), and the median duration of treatment was 14(3-54)days.Only 27.5%(27/98)of the children′s initial trough concentration reached the target concentration (10-20 mg/L), while 26 cases(26.5%) did not reach the target after adjusting the treatment.Six children(6.1%)had renal toxicity caused by vancomycin, and two children had skin rash.The effective treatment rate accounted for 51.7%(15/29). The initial trough concentrations of vancomycin in the effective and ineffective groups were(5.92±3.82)mg/L and(10.43±5.37)mg/L, respectively.The difference was statistically significant ( P=0.041). Conclusion:The rate of intravenous vancomycin in children after liver transplantation is low, and the dose needs to be adjusted individually.