OBJECTIVE: This study investigates the efficacy and mechanisms of Qingjie Fuzheng Granules (QFG) in inhibiting colitis-associated colorectal cancer (CAC) development via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) correlation analysis. METHODS: CAC was induced in BALB/c mice using azoxymethane (AOM) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and QFG was administered orally to the treatment group. The effects of QFG on CAC were evaluated using disease index, histology, and serum T-cell ratios. RNA-seq and 16S rRNA analysis assessed the transcriptome and microbiome change. Key pharmacodynamic pathways were identified by integrating these data and confirmed via Western blotting and immunofluorescence. The link between microbiota and CAC-related markers was explored using linear discriminant analysis effect size and Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: Long-term treatment with QFG prevented AOM/DSS-induced CAC formation, reduced levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), IL-6, and interferon γ (IFN-γ), and increased CD3⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T cells ratio, without causing hepatic or renal toxicity. A 16S rRNA analysis revealed that QFG rebalanced the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and mitigated AOM/DSS-induced microbiota disturbances. Transcriptomics and Western blotting analysis identified the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway as key for QFG's treatment against CAC. Furthermore, QFG decreased the abundance of Bacilli, Bacillales, Staphylococcaceae, Staphylococcus, Lactobacillales, Aerococcus, Alloprevotella, and Akkermansia, while increasing Clostridiales, Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Ruminococcaceae, and Muribaculaceae, which were highly correlated with CAC-related markers or NOD2/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION By mapping the relationships between CAC, immune responses, microbiota, and key pathways, this study clarifies the mechanism of QFG in inhibiting CAC, highlighting its potential for clinical use as preventive therapy.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics of head deformities in infants aged 3-12 months and analyze the related factors that affect infant positional deformities.Methods A total of 521 infants aged 3-12 months from August 2022 to February 2024 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were selected as the subjects.Infants were divided into normal groups(n=307)and positional deformities(n=214)according to the head shape assessment.The general,high-risk factors during pregnancy,mother's education level and baby's sleeping posture were compared between the two groups.Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of positional deformities.Results Among infants with positional deformities,it was more common at the age of 3-6 months,and the proportion of males was higher than that of females.There were significant differences in the factors such as birth weight,body mass index(BMI),premature delivery,hospitalization history in neonatal intensive care unit(NICU),high-risk factors during pregnancy,twins,sleeping posture,and mother's education level between two groups(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that hospitalization history in NICU,twins,high-risk factors during pregnancy were independent risk factors for infant's positional deformities.Infant's mixed sleeping position and mother's high education level were the protective factors against the infant's positional deformities.Conclusion BMI,hospitalization history in NICU,twins,high-risk factors during pregnancy,infant sleeping posture and mother's education level are closely related to the infant's positional deformities.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the improvement effect of electroacupuncture (EA) based on Xingnao Kaiqiao acupuncture (acupuncture for regaining consciousness and opening orifices) on cognitive impairment in mice with Parkinson's disease (PD), and to explore its regulatory mechanisms on the kinesin family member 5A (KIF5A)/mitochondrial Rho GTPase 1 (Miro1) pathway and mitophagy in prefrontal cortical neurons. METHODS: A total of 70 male C57BL/6J mice of clean grade were randomly divided into a normal group (12 mice), a sham operation group (12 mice), and a model pre-screening group (46 mice). Unilateral stereotaxic injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into the medial forebrain bundle was adopted to establish the PD model in the model pre-screening group. Twenty-four mice after successful modeling were randomly selected and divided into a model group and an EA group, 12 mice in each one. In the EA group, acupuncture was applied at "Shuigou" (GV26) and bilateral "Sanyinjiao" (SP6) and "Neiguan" (PC6), ipsilateral "Sanyinjiao" (SP6) and "Neiguan" (PC6) were connected to EA respectively, with disperse-dense wave, 5 Hz/20 Hz in frequency, 0.5 mA in current intensity, 20 min a time, 6 times a week for 30 days. Cognitive function was assessed by Y-maze and Morris water maze tests; morphology of prefrontal cortex was observed by H.E. staining; reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in prefrontal cortex was detected by fluorescence probe method; mitochondrial morphology and autophagosome ultrastructure were observed by transmission electron microscopy; the mRNA expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) was detected by quantitative real-time PCR; the protein expression of TH, KIF5A, Miro1, p62, Parkin and PTEN induced kinase 1 (PINK1) was detected by Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with the sham operation group, both the model group and the EA group exhibited increased rotation number of per minute (P<0.001). Compared with the sham operation group, in the model group, the novel arm exploration time of Y-maze test was shortened (P<0.001), the escape latency of Morris water maze test was prolonged (P<0.05) and the platform crossing number of Morris water maze test was reduced (P<0.01); in the prefrontal cortex, the number of cellular vacuole and neurons with karyopyknosis was increased (P<0.001), and mitochondrial autophagosomes could be observed; in the prefrontal cortex, the relative expression of ROS was increased (P<0.001), the protein and mRNA expression of TH was decreased (P<0.001), the protein expression of Miro1, PINK1, Parkin was increased (P<0.001, P<0.01), the protein expression of KIF5A and p62 was decreased (P<0.001). Compared with the model group, in the EA group, the novel arm exploration time of Y-maze test was prolonged (P<0.01), the escape latency of Morris water maze test was shortened (P<0.05) and the platform crossing number of Morris water maze test was increased (P<0.05); in the prefrontal cortex, the number of cellular vacuole and neurons with karyopyknosis was decreased (P<0.001), and the number of mitochondrial autophagosomes reduced and the mitochondrial morphology was improved; in the prefrontal cortex, the relative expression of ROS was decreased (P<0.01), the protein and mRNA expression of TH was increased (P<0.001, P<0.01), the protein expression of Miro1, PINK1, Parkin was decreased (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05), the protein expression of KIF5A and p62 was increased (P<0.01, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Xingnao Kaiqiao electroacupuncture effectively alleviates cognitive impairment and damage of neuronal function in PD mice, its mechanism may be related to the regulation of KIF5A/Miro1 pathway, hence reducing the mitophagy in prefrontal cortical neurons.
Animals ; Electroacupuncture ; Male ; Mice ; Parkinson Disease/physiopathology* ; Cognitive Dysfunction/psychology* ; Kinesins/genetics* ; Humans ; Mitophagy ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics* ; Mitochondria/genetics* ; Prefrontal Cortex/metabolism*

BACKGROUND: Over 20 million colonoscopies are performed in China annually. An automatic clinical decision support system (CDSS) with accurate semantic recognition of colonoscopy reports and guideline-based is helpful to relieve the increasing medical burden and standardize the healthcare. In this study, the CDSS was built under a hierarchical-label interpretable classification framework, trained by a state-of-the-art transformer-based model, and validated in a multi-center style. METHODS: We conducted stratified sampling on a previously established dataset containing 302,965 electronic colonoscopy reports with pathology, identified 2041 patients' records representative of overall features, and randomly divided into the training and testing sets (7:3). A total of five main labels and 22 sublabels were applied to annotate each record on a network platform, and the data were trained respectively by three pre-training models on Chinese corpus website, including bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT)-base-Chinese (BC), the BERT-wwm-ext-Chinese (BWEC), and ernie-3.0-base-zh (E3BZ). The performance of trained models was subsequently compared with a randomly initialized model, and the preferred model was selected. Model fine-tuning was applied to further enhance the capacity. The system was validated in five other hospitals with 3177 consecutive colonoscopy cases. RESULTS: The E3BZ pre-trained model exhibited the best performance, with a 90.18% accuracy and a 69.14% Macro-F1 score overall. The model achieved 100% accuracy in identifying cancer cases and 99.16% for normal cases. In external validation, the model exhibited favorable consistency and good performance among five hospitals. CONCLUSIONS The novel CDSS possesses high-level semantic recognition of colonoscopy reports, provides appropriate recommendations, and holds the potential to be a powerful tool for physicians and patients. The hierarchical multi-label strategy and pre-training method should be amendable to manage more medical text in the future.
Humans ; Colonoscopy/methods* ; Deep Learning ; Decision Support Systems, Clinical ; Female ; Male

Objective:To visually analyze the research literature on the analysis of TCM compounds; To explore the research hotspots and trends in this field.Methods:The literature related to the disassembly analysis of TCM compounds was retrieved from CNKI, Chongqing VIP, Wanfang Data, SinoMed, and China Medical Journal Full-text Database from January 1, 1981 to December 31, 2024. CiteSpace 6.4.R1 software was used to visualize the number of articles, authors, institutions and keywords, and to draw the cooperation network diagram of authors and institutions, keyword co-occurrence, clustering, timeline and burst map.Results:A total of 1 728 Chinese articles were included, and the number of publications showed a fluctuating upward trend. A comparatively high number of publications was in 2007 and 2016, followed by a slight decline but maintained at a high level. There is a trend of recovery in 2024. The author with the highest number of articles was Professor Fang Zhaoqin, and the institution with the highest number of articles was Beijing University of Chinese Medicine. High frequency keywords included rats, compatibility, experimental research, cell apoptosis, TCM compound, and a total of 19 clusters and 25 emergent keywords were formed.Conclusions:The research contents and methods of the research on the disassembly of TCM compounds are relatively rich, and there are many explorations on classical prescriptions. The study of disassembled prescriptions has played a driving role in the modernization of TCM compounds. In the future, high-quality cooperation between regions, institutions, and authors, combination with modern medicine and scientific methods, will further improve the quality of research in this field.

Anxiety disorder is a common emotional disorder.Ophthalmic diseases, which can cause ocular pain, discomfort, and irreversible visual impairment, not only lead to a deterioration in patients' quality of life but also give rise to mental health issues, including anxiety and depression.Numerous studies have indicated that a substantial number of patients with eye diseases frequently exhibit anxiety symptoms, and the prevalence rate is notably higher compared to that of the general population.This relationship is bidirectional.On the one hand, factors associated with eye diseases, such as vision loss, changes in appearance, economic burden, and reduced quality of life, can trigger or exacerbate anxiety.On the other hand, anxiety can accelerate the onset and progression of certain eye diseases, such as dry eye, pseudo-myopia and glaucoma by influencing neurotransmitter function, the autonomic nervous system, and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis.The alleviation of eye conditions necessitates not only active treatment of the disease itself, but also maintaining a healthy psychological state.This review reviews the reciprocal relationship between various eye diseases, including dry eye, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration, and anxiety to more clearly elucidate their mutual influence, provide guidance for integrated psychological treatment in the clinical management of eye diseases and raise ophthalmologists' awareness of the significance of mental health in disease treatment.

Objective To analyze the mechanisms of meaning in life and living arrangements impacting the effect of activities of dai-ly living(ADL)on depression for older adults.Methods From September to November,2024,community-dwelling older adults from Weifang,Shandong,were investi-gated with questionnaire using Basic Activities of Daily Living Scale(BADL),Meaning in Life Questionnaire(MLQ),Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS),and a general information questionnaire including living arrange-ments.Results A total of 256 questionnaires were distributed,and 245 valid questionnaires were returned.There were signifi-cant differences in GDS scores among older adults with different personal monthly incomes and living arrange-ments(F>3.744,P<0.05).BADL scores were positively correlated with GDS scores(r=0.490,P<0.001)and negatively correlated with MLQ scores(r=-0.370,P<0.001),and MLQ scores were negatively correlated with GDS scores(r=-0.369,P<0.001).There was significant direct effect of BADL scores on GDS scores(effect=1.128,95%CI 0.829～1.427),and mediating effect of MLQ scores on the relationship between BADL and GDS scores(effect=0.171,95%CI 0.028～0.337).The moderating effect of living alone was significant(|B|=0.127,|t|=2.103,P<0.05)on the association between MLQ and GDS,compared with intergenerational coresidence.Conclusion Meaning in life partially mediates the association between ADL and depression in older adults,especially for those living alone.

Objective To compare ferroptosis characteristics and motor dysfunction across different mouse models of Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods Animal models of PD were divided into five groups:the control group,sham-operated group,6-hydroxydopamine(6-OHDA)group,1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyri-dine(MPTP)group,and lipopolysaccharide(LPS)group.Differences in ferroptosis-related features and motor dysfunction across these groups were evaluated through behavioral observation,histopathological examination,protein analysis,and assessment of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress levels.Results In all three model groups,the number of TH-positive neurons in the substantia nigra on the lesioned side was significantly reduced,accompanied by evident neuronal degeneration and a marked decrease in Nissl bodies.Behavioral assessments revealed that the 6-OHDA group displayed the most severe motor deficits.In the substantia nigra,FTH1 protein expression was significantly downregulated in the 6-OHDA,LPS,and MPTP groups(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.01),respectively,while GPX4 expression was also reduced(P<0.001,P<0.001,P<0.01).Malondialdehyde(MDA)levels were significantly elevated in both the 6-OHDA and MPTP groups(P<0.05,P<0.05).Glutathione(GSH)assays demonstrated markedly reduced levels in the 6-OHDA,MPTP,and LPS groups(P<0.01,P<0.001,P<0.001).Reactive oxygen species(ROS)detection revealed a significant increase in the MPTP and LPS groups(P<0.05,P<0.05).Conclusion The 6-OHDA model is well suited for studying PD-related behaviors and the underlying mechanisms of motor symptoms,the MPTP model is particularly effective for investigating the ferroptosis pathway,and the LPS model serves as a valuable complement for research on neuroinflammation mechanisms.

Objective To explore the expression level,clinical significance of protein disulfide isomerase A3(PDIA3)in endome-trial cancer(EC)tissues,and its effects on Ishikawa cells.Methods Using the TCGA database to analyze the differential expression levels of PDIA3 in different endometrial tissues and explore its relationship with clinical pathological parameters and prognosis of EC pa-tients;Using immunohistochemistry(IHC)to detect the expression level of PDIA3 in clinical endometrial tissue,analyze the clinical pathological parameters,prognosis,and risk factors affecting the prognosis of EC patients with different expression levels;Using Transwell assay,scratch assay,and CCK-8 assay to detect the proliferation,invasion,and migration ability of Ishikawa cells with knockdown PDIA3 expression.Results The expression level of PDIA3 in EC tissue was higher than that in normal endometrial tissue in the TCGA database and clinical specimens(P＜0.05).The expression level of PDIA3 in EC tissue in the G3 grade group was higher than that in the G1 and G2 grade groups in the TCGA database(P＜0.05).The expression level of PDIA3 in EC tissue in FIGO stage Ⅱ-Ⅳ group was higher than that in the stage Ⅰ group,the group with lymph node metastasis was higher than that without lymph node metastasis,and the highly differentiated group was higher than the poorly differentiated group in clinical specimens(P＜0.05);COX regression analysis showed that Federation International of Gynecology and Obstetrics(FIGO)staging and PDIA3 expression level were the independent risk factors of prognosis in EC patients;the survival time of EC patients with high expression of PDIA3 in the TCGA database was shorter than that of the low expression group(P＜0.05),and the survival rate of clinical patients with positive PDIA3 was shorter than that of the neg-ative group(P＜0.05);Transwell assay,scratch assay,and CCK-8 assay showed that the invasion and migration ability of cells in the PDIA3 inhibition group was significantly reduced compared to the normal group and negative control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion PDIA3 is highly expressed in EC tissues and is associated with the malignancy of tumors and poor prognosis of patients;targeted inhibition of PDIA3 expression can reduce the proliferation,invasion,and migration ability of Ishikawa cells.

Anxiety disorder is a common emotional disorder.Ophthalmic diseases, which can cause ocular pain, discomfort, and irreversible visual impairment, not only lead to a deterioration in patients' quality of life but also give rise to mental health issues, including anxiety and depression.Numerous studies have indicated that a substantial number of patients with eye diseases frequently exhibit anxiety symptoms, and the prevalence rate is notably higher compared to that of the general population.This relationship is bidirectional.On the one hand, factors associated with eye diseases, such as vision loss, changes in appearance, economic burden, and reduced quality of life, can trigger or exacerbate anxiety.On the other hand, anxiety can accelerate the onset and progression of certain eye diseases, such as dry eye, pseudo-myopia and glaucoma by influencing neurotransmitter function, the autonomic nervous system, and the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis.The alleviation of eye conditions necessitates not only active treatment of the disease itself, but also maintaining a healthy psychological state.This review reviews the reciprocal relationship between various eye diseases, including dry eye, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and age-related macular degeneration, and anxiety to more clearly elucidate their mutual influence, provide guidance for integrated psychological treatment in the clinical management of eye diseases and raise ophthalmologists' awareness of the significance of mental health in disease treatment.