BACKGROUND:Although aromatase inhibitors significantly improve the clinical benefit of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer,its associated adverse event-osteoporosis seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction can effectively prevent the occurrence of aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis,but its mechanism of action is unclear.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction on osteoclast activity in a mouse model of osteoporosis induced by aromatase inhibitors and relevant mechanisms.METHODS:Sixty 8-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,high-,medium-and low-dose Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction,and positive control group,with 10 mice in each group.Bilateral ovaries were removed to establish postmenopausal animal models in all the groups except for the sham operation group.After 1 week of recovery,letrozole was injected subcutaneously to establish postmenopausal osteoporosis models via subcutaneous injection of letrozole(an aromatase inhibitor).The high-,medium-and low-dose Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction groups were intragastrically given 19.24,9.62 and 4.81 g/kg/d Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction(once a day),respectively.The positive control group was given alendronate 5mg/kg once a week.After 3 months of administration,Micro-CT was used to detect tibial bone mineral density and bone microstructure.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining of the femur were performed.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotectin in the femur.ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the sham operation group,the model group showed a significant decrease in bone mineral density,sparse and fractured trabecular morphology,and a significant increase in serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b,indicating that the model of aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis was successfully constructed.(2)Compared with the model group,the high-,medium-,and low-dose Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction groups showed significant improvement in bone mineral density and bone microstructure,thickening and densification of trabecular morphology,significantly decreased serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b,a decrease in the number of osteoclasts and the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand proteins,and an increase in the expression of osteoprotegerin.To conclude,Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction may regulate the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB/osteoprotegerin signaling pathway,inhibit osteoclast activity,improve trabecular morphology and bone microstructure,and increase bone mineral density,thus preventing the occurrence and development of aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis.

Age-related macular degeneration(AMD)is a chronic degenerative retinal disease that severely impairs pa-tients central vision.Research indicates that the complement system is closely associated with the onset and progression of AMD,playing a key role in its pathogenesis,involving various factors such as genetic risk,inflammatory responses,and oxidative stress.This review summarizes the relationship between complement system activation and AMD,as well as re-cent clinical trials targeting complement-based therapies for AMD,with the aim of providing insights for both basic research and clinical treatment of AMD.

Objective The molding process of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills was optimized by central composite design and response surface method,the determination of volatile components in the compound by gas chromatography was established in order to improve the quality standard of the compound.Methods Single factor method was used to select the optimum range of matrix type,the ratio of matrix to liquid,and drop distance of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills;Appearance traits,a difference of pill weight,and dissolution time were used as evaluation indexes,the optimum forming process conditions of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills were optimized by central composite design and response surface method;Three batches of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills were taken as test samples and determined by gas chromatography;The gas chromatographic column was HP-5 sillica capillary column,the inlet temperature was 260 ℃,the temperature was programmed,and the detector temperature was 300 ℃,the split ratio was 10∶1,nitrogen was selected as the carrier gas with a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.Results The optimum forming process conditions of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills were selected by central composite design and response surface method as a matrix:matrix=0.99,drug:matrix=0.55,drop distance=6.00,and the comprehensive score were 0.845 2.Under these conditions,the quality of the prepared dropping pills was the best;The chromatographic peaks of borneol,muscone,and ligustilide reached the baseline separation;the linear ranges of the three components were 0.327-1.962,0.140-0.840,0.710 5-4.263 μg(all r＞0.999);The average recoveries were 92.30％(RSD=1.65％,n=6),101.28％(RSD=0.81％,n=6)and 98.99％(RSD=0.65％,n=6);The average contents of the three components were 0.201 7,0.084 7 and 1.382 9 mg·g-1,respectively.Conclusions The forming process is stable and feasible,which can provide a reference for the development and application of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills;The gas chromatography method established can simultaneously determine the contents of borneol,muscone,and ligustilide in compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills,which can be used for quality control of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Yizhu Wendan Decoction in treating eczema through GEO database combined with network pharmacology and experimental verification.Methods TCMSP,BATMAN-TCM and ETCM databases were used to screen the active components of Yizhu Wendan Decoction.Disease target information related to eczema was collected through GEO database.The drug-component-target network and PPI network were constructed by intersections of active component targets and disease targets.GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID database.CCK-8 method was used to screen out the optimal intervention concentration of freeze-dried powder of Yizhu Wendan Decoction.HaCaT cells were divided into control group,model group,Yizhu Wendan Decoction low concentration group,Yizhu Wendan Decoction high concentration group,si-IL-17RA group,si-IL-17RA+Yizhu Wendan Decoction low concentration group,si-IL-17RA+Yizhu Wendan Decoction high concentration group,Dexamethasone group,si-IL-17RA+Dexamethasone group.Each group was given relevant intervention.The expressions of chemokines and inflammatory factors were detected by qPCR.EdU and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining were used to detect cell proliferation and apoptosis.Western blot was performed to detect the expressions of proteins related to apoptosis,skin barrier and IL-17 signaling pathway.Results By using databases,180 active components of Yizhu Wendan Decoction were obtained.Combined with GEO database microarrays related to eczema(GSE6012 and GSE57225),8 potential targets of Yizhu Wendan Decoction in the treatment of eczema were obtained.KEGG enrichment pathway mainly involved IL-17 signaling pathway,lipid and atherosclerotic,TNF signaling pathway,fluid shear stress and atherosclerotic,etc.When Yizhu Wendan Decoction freeze-dried powder concentration was 100 μg/mL,cell viability was the strongest.Yizhu Wendan Decoction could significantly inhibit the mRNA expressions of chemokines and inflammatory factors CCL17,CCL22,IL-1β,TNF-α,IL-6,IFN-γ,and increase the mRNA expression of IL-4 in eczema.It promoted the proliferation of HaCaT cells,increased the protein expression of Bcl-2,and reduced the protein expressions of Bad and Cleaved Caspase-3,thus inhibiting HaCaT cells apoptosis;promoted the protein expressions of FLG and LOR,and reduced the expression of MMP9,MMP1,CCL2,FOSL1,IL-17RA proteins in IL-17 signaling pathway.Conclusion Yizhu Wendan Decoction can treat eczema with multiple components,multiple pathways and multiple targets,promote the proliferation of HaCaT cells,inhibit their apoptosis,and restore the skin barrier.Its mechanism may be related to inhibiting the activation of IL-17 signaling pathway.

OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate the quality of Sanzi powder from different batches based on 12 components quantitative analysis combined with chemical pattern recognition and entropy weight-TOPSIS method.METHODS The contents of 12 components in 15 batches of Sanzi powder(No.S1-S15)were determined by HPLC-MS/MS,such as ethyl gallate,gallic acid,ferulic acid,corilagin,genipin-1-O-β-D-gentiobioside,toosendanin,geniposide,caffeic acid,methyl deacetylated coumarinate,tannic acid,rutin,quercetin.Cluster analysis(CA),principal component analysis(PCA),and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA)were conducted on the assay results.Using variable importance projection(VIP)value＞1 and P＜0.05 as the evaluation criteria,the quality differential markers in Sanzi powder were screened.The entropy weight method was used to calculate the weight value,and TOPSIS method was used to rank the quality of 15 batches of Sanzi powder from superior to inferior.RESULTS The contents of the 12 components were 13.494-24.292,2 069.608-3 188.100,1.410-3.616,1 065.030-2 630.584,1 404.704-1 838.078,101.640-354.268,9 193.720-14 777.854,1.240-5.060,148.028-5 541.990,4 261.422-5 607.438,107.560-195.512,2.226-4.192 μg/g,respectively.The results of CA,PCA and OPLS-DA indicated that 15 batches of Sanzi powder could be clustered into two groups.Specifically,batches S3,S7,S10 and S15 were grouped into one category,and remaining batches were grouped into one category.VIP values of geniposide,quercetin,caffeic acid,and methyl deacetylated coumarinate were all greater than 1,with corresponding P-values less than 0.05.The results of the entropy weight-TOPSIS analysis revealed that methyl deacetylate exhibited the smallest information entropy and the highest weight.The relative closeness degrees of samples S3,S7,S10 and S15 ranged from 0.789 to 0.973,while the remaining samples ranged from 0.054 to 0.172.CONCLUSIONS The contents of 12 components in Sanzi powder could be determined accurately by using HPLC-MS/MS technology.Methyl deacetylated coumarinate,geniposide,quercetin and caffeic acid were identified as the quality differential markers.It was found that the overall quality of samples S3,S7,S10 and S15 were superior to that of other batches.Notably,the quality of Gardeniae Fructus decoction pieces emerges as a critical factor in ensuring the consistency of the preparation's quality.

BACKGROUND:Although aromatase inhibitors significantly improve the clinical benefit of patients with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer,its associated adverse event-osteoporosis seriously affects the quality of life of patients.Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction can effectively prevent the occurrence of aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis,but its mechanism of action is unclear.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction on osteoclast activity in a mouse model of osteoporosis induced by aromatase inhibitors and relevant mechanisms.METHODS:Sixty 8-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,model group,high-,medium-and low-dose Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction,and positive control group,with 10 mice in each group.Bilateral ovaries were removed to establish postmenopausal animal models in all the groups except for the sham operation group.After 1 week of recovery,letrozole was injected subcutaneously to establish postmenopausal osteoporosis models via subcutaneous injection of letrozole(an aromatase inhibitor).The high-,medium-and low-dose Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction groups were intragastrically given 19.24,9.62 and 4.81 g/kg/d Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction(once a day),respectively.The positive control group was given alendronate 5mg/kg once a week.After 3 months of administration,Micro-CT was used to detect tibial bone mineral density and bone microstructure.Hematoxylin-eosin staining and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase staining of the femur were performed.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotectin in the femur.ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Compared with the sham operation group,the model group showed a significant decrease in bone mineral density,sparse and fractured trabecular morphology,and a significant increase in serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b,indicating that the model of aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis was successfully constructed.(2)Compared with the model group,the high-,medium-,and low-dose Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction groups showed significant improvement in bone mineral density and bone microstructure,thickening and densification of trabecular morphology,significantly decreased serum levels of carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b,a decrease in the number of osteoclasts and the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand proteins,and an increase in the expression of osteoprotegerin.To conclude,Huangqi Bushen Huoxue Decoction may regulate the receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB/osteoprotegerin signaling pathway,inhibit osteoclast activity,improve trabecular morphology and bone microstructure,and increase bone mineral density,thus preventing the occurrence and development of aromatase inhibitor-induced osteoporosis.

Objective:To define the concept of proactive health behavior.Methods:Literature related to proactive health behavior was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Ovid databases, with a retrieval time frame from database inception to March 1, 2025. Walker and Avant's concept analysis method was used to analyze the concept of proactive health behavior.Results:A total of 46 articles related to proactive health behavior were included. Proactive health behavior encompasses five key attributes: self-initiation, long-term persistence, multidimensional integration, future orientation, and overcoming barriers. Antecedents include individual factors, supportive factors, and environmental factors. Outcomes include promoting individual health and improving quality of life, enhancing personal health literacy, reducing disease burden, and fostering a proactive health atmosphere.Conclusions:The concept attributes of proactive health behavior were clarified through concept analysis. Future researchers may develop proactive health behavior assessment tools and construct intervention strategies based on their connotation.

Objective:To conduct evidence synthesis on disease communication between parents and their minor children from the perspective of parents with cancer, so as to provide information for clinical healthcare providers to deliver improved health education to patients and their children.Methods:Computer retrieval was implemented in PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Data. The search period was from January 1, 2000 to March 6, 2025. The literature was assessed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Center for Evidence-Based Health Care Quality Assessment Criteria for Qualitative Research. The JBI aggregative integration method was employed for the Meta-synthesis.Results:A total of nine articles were included. Thirty-two results were extracted, divided into ten categories, and integrated into five results, namely willingness to communicate illness, factors influencing communicating willingness, disease communication strategies, supporting children's coping, and perceptions of illness information.Conclusions:Disease communication between cancer parents and their minor children is influenced by multiple factors and exhibits complex diversity. Healthcare providers should fully understand and accurately recognize the distinct approaches of parents with cancer, offering guidance, advice, and encouragement whenever possible, and should dynamically provide timely medical support and assistance tailored to the evolving needs of patients throughout different stages of their disease treatment.

Objective The molding process of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills was optimized by central composite design and response surface method,the determination of volatile components in the compound by gas chromatography was established in order to improve the quality standard of the compound.Methods Single factor method was used to select the optimum range of matrix type,the ratio of matrix to liquid,and drop distance of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills;Appearance traits,a difference of pill weight,and dissolution time were used as evaluation indexes,the optimum forming process conditions of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills were optimized by central composite design and response surface method;Three batches of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills were taken as test samples and determined by gas chromatography;The gas chromatographic column was HP-5 sillica capillary column,the inlet temperature was 260 ℃,the temperature was programmed,and the detector temperature was 300 ℃,the split ratio was 10∶1,nitrogen was selected as the carrier gas with a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1.Results The optimum forming process conditions of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills were selected by central composite design and response surface method as a matrix:matrix=0.99,drug:matrix=0.55,drop distance=6.00,and the comprehensive score were 0.845 2.Under these conditions,the quality of the prepared dropping pills was the best;The chromatographic peaks of borneol,muscone,and ligustilide reached the baseline separation;the linear ranges of the three components were 0.327-1.962,0.140-0.840,0.710 5-4.263 μg(all r＞0.999);The average recoveries were 92.30％(RSD=1.65％,n=6),101.28％(RSD=0.81％,n=6)and 98.99％(RSD=0.65％,n=6);The average contents of the three components were 0.201 7,0.084 7 and 1.382 9 mg·g-1,respectively.Conclusions The forming process is stable and feasible,which can provide a reference for the development and application of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills;The gas chromatography method established can simultaneously determine the contents of borneol,muscone,and ligustilide in compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills,which can be used for quality control of compound Shexiang Huangqi dropping pills.

Objective To evaluate the suitability and accessibility of the national Class 1.1 new drug imrecoxib,and provided reference for rational use of drugs in clinical practice.Methods Constructing a suitability and accessibility evaluation system for the national Class 1.1 new drug imrecoxib based on the Delphi method and evaluated through a survey questionnaire.Results After two rounds of expert inquiries,the authority coefficient of the experts was 0.795,the coefficient of variation of the third level indicator of expert opinions was 0.15,and the coordination coefficient was 0.244.Finally,the evaluation index system for the suitability and accessibility of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was determined.The evaluation index system including 2 primary indicators,8 secondary indicators,and 39 tertiary indicators.173 survey questionnaires were distributed in total.The results indicate that in terms of suitability,imrecoxib has good suitability in both drug use and drug technology characteristics;In terms of accessibility,the price level of imrecoxib is relatively low,and its affordability,accessibility,and patient acceptability are good.Conclusions This study comprehensively evaluated the suitability and accessibility of the national Class 1.1 new drug imrecoxib,provided a reference basis for clinical rational use and regulatory decision-making.