OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens causing the abdominal(pelvic)soft tissue infections in secondary or above medical institutions of Suzhou so as to provide bases for pre-vention and control of the infections.METHODS The surveillance data of abdominal(pelvic)soft tissue infections that were reported regularly from 58 member institutions of Suzhou from Jan.2020 to Dec.2023 were collected from the regional nosocomial infection surveillance platform by Suzhou nosocomial infection management and qual-ity control center.Totally 26 tertiary hospitals and 32 secondary hospitals were involved.RESULTS Most of the 1178 strains of pathogens were isolated from the tertiary hospitals,the proportion of gram-negative bacteria was the highest;Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecium ranked the top 3 species.The constituent ratio of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)strains the was highest among the mul-tidrug-resistant organisms.The K.pneumoniae and CRKP strains were sensitive to tigecycline;the E.coli strains were highly sensitive to carbapenems,minocycline and piperacillin-tazobactam;Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains were highly resistant to most of the antibiotics;Enterobacter cloacae strains were highly resistant to ampi-cillin-sulbactam but were highly sensitive to carbapenems;the drug resistance rate of the A.baumannii strains to tigecycline was less than 5％;the drug resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid was highest.CONCLUSIONS The abdominal(pelvic)soft tissue infection is always mixed infections.The pathogens show severe drug resistance.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of etiological spectrum and drug resistance and conduct targeted guidance for clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of anonymous online dating and related factors of not being tested for HIV among men who have sex with men and to provide the basis for developing targeted HIV prevention strategies and intervention measures.Methods:Using a cross-sectional study design, respondents were recruited with the assistance of MSM social organizations from April to July 2023 in eight cities in Shandong Province. Snowball sampling, activity venues, and networks were employed, targeting a sample size of 400 people per city. A face-to-face questionnaire survey collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, drug use, sexual intercourse, and online informed dating. Blood samples were also collected for HIV and syphilis antibody testing.Results:In the past six months, 2 787 MSM sought homosexual partners through the Internet, and 78.26% (2 181/2 787) chose to make anonymous online dating. Before having homosexual sex with online sexual partners, 10.41% (290/2 787) of them did not ask each other about HIV infection status and 33.37% (930/2 787) of them not being tested for HIV. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of age, marital status, household registration, education level, sexual orientation, ways to find male sexual partners, not asking online sexual partners about their HIV status before sexual intercourse, no mutual HIV testing with online sexual partners before sexual intercourse, and syphilis antibody between anonymous and non-anonymous online dating persons (all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that <25 years old (a OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.15-1.77) and ≥35 years old age group (a OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.29-2.01), people with no AIDS knowledge (a OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.25-4.49), drug users (a OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.17-1.63), online dating anonymous (a OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.76-2.73), HIV antibody positive (a OR=3.61, 95% CI: 2.22-5.88) and no intervention services in the last 1 year (a OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.05-2.38) were the related factors of MSM not being tested for HIV before having sexual intercourse through online dating. Conclusions:The phenomenon of anonymous online dating was common among MSM in Shandong Province, and the proportion of MSM not being tested for HIV before having sexual intercourse through anonymous online dating was relatively high. It is necessary to strengthen health publicity and promote informed dating in MSM.

Purpose To explore the clinical value of screening for partial agenesis of the corpus callosum(PACC)via measuring the distance from the end of the fetal corpus callosum to the occipital bone.Materials and Methods A Prospective study were performed from October 2017 to April 2023 in Ji’an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital.A total of 33 PACC fetuses(abnormal group)and 396 normal fetuses(normal group)were selected as the research subjects.The distance(Z value)from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was measured,Z value was calculated and compared between groups.The truncation value and related diagnostic efficiency indexes were calculated by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis,and the positive rate of Z value of abnormal group was compared with that of indirect signs.Results The distance from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was positively correlated with the gestational age(r=0.913,P<0.001).The best regression equation was that the distance from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was 3.879+1.115×gestational age,and the standard deviation was 1.670.The results of mean comparison showed that the Z value of the abnormal group was significantly higher than that of the normal group(t=11.223 9,P<0.001).When Z value 2.199 7 was used as the cut-off value for the diagnosis of PACC,the area under the curve was 0.9981,the Yoden index was 0.959 6,and the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values were 96.97%,98.99%,88.89%and 99.75%,respectively.The positive rate of Z value in abnormal group was significantly higher than that of indirect signs(96.97%vs.63.64%,χ2=7.692 3,P<0.01).Conclusion The distance from the terminal posterior edge of corpus callosum to the occipital bone of PACC fetus is larger than that of normal fetus.The increase of Z value indicates that the end of corpus callosum moves forward,which can be used as one of the basis for screening PACC,and it has high clinical value when Z value 2.199 7 is used as the cut-off value for PACC screening.

Objective:To explore the molecular cytogenetic characteristics of three fetuses with psu idic(Y)(q11.22) using a combination of multiple methods.Methods:A total of 11 000 pregnant women who underwent prenatal diagnosis at the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Taizhou City from January 2019 to October 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Chromosome karyotype analysis (G-banding) and copy number variation analysis based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed on the amniotic fluid/cord blood samples of the 11 000 fetuses. For cases suspected of Y chromosome abnormalities, C-banding and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and AZF microdeletion testing were additionally conducted. This study has been reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang Province (Ethics No. KL20240860). Results:① Among the 11, 000 prenatal samples undergoing concurrent karyotype and copy number variation analysis, two fetuses with 45, X/46, X, psu idic(Y)(q11.22) mosaicism and one fetus with 46, X, psu idic(Y)(q11.22) were detected. ② FISH detection indicated that approximately 66.7% of the cells in fetus 2 exhibited a dicentric Y chromosome, and the metaphase karyotype supported the presence of a pseudodicentric chromosome. ③ AZF testing revealed complete deletion of the AZFb+ AZFc regions in fetus 2 and fetus 3. Conclusion:Conventional G-banding karyotype analysis for psu idic(Y)(q11.22) is prone to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. The combined application of chromosome karyotype analysis (G+ C banding), copy number variation analysis, and FISH detection in clinical practice can accurately diagnose fetuses with psu idic(Y).

OBJECTIVE: To explore the molecular cytogenetic characteristics of three fetuses with psu idic(Y)(q11.22) using a combination of multiple methods. METHODS: A total of 11 000 pregnant women who underwent prenatal diagnosis at the Prenatal Diagnosis Center of Taizhou City from January 2019 to October 2024 were selected as the study subjects. Chromosome karyotype analysis (G-banding) and copy number variation analysis based on next-generation sequencing (NGS) were performed on the amniotic fluid/cord blood samples of the 11 000 fetuses. For cases suspected of Y chromosome abnormalities, C-banding and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and AZF microdeletion testing were additionally conducted. This study has been reviewed and approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang Province (Ethics No. KL20240860). RESULTS: Among the 11,000 prenatal samples undergoing concurrent karyotype and copy number variation analysis, two fetuses with 45,X/46,X,psu idic(Y)(q11.22) mosaicism and one fetus with 46,X,psu idic(Y)(q11.22) were detected. FISH detection indicated that approximately 66.7% of the cells in fetus 2 exhibited a dicentric Y chromosome, and the metaphase karyotype supported the presence of a pseudodicentric chromosome. AZF testing revealed complete deletion of the AZFb+AZFc regions in fetus 2 and fetus 3. CONCLUSION Conventional G-banding karyotype analysis for psu idic(Y)(q11.22) is prone to misdiagnosis or missed diagnosis. The combined application of chromosome karyotype analysis (G+C banding), copy number variation analysis, and FISH detection in clinical practice can accurately diagnose fetuses with psu idic(Y).
Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis/methods* ; DNA Copy Number Variations/genetics* ; Adult ; Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics* ; Karyotyping ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Cytogenetic Analysis/methods* ; Fetus ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Male

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and differences in antimicrobial resistance be-tween catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI)and non-CAUTI of healthcare-associated infection(HAI),and provide scientific basis for precise clinical prevention and control.Methods Based on the regional HAI surveillance platform in Suzhou City,urinary tract infection(UTI)surveillance data reported by 61 member units from January 2020 to December 2024 were analyzed retrospectively.Pathogen distribution,detection rate of multi-drug-resistant organisms(MDROs),and antimicrobial resistance spectrum characteristics of patients in the CAUTI group and non-CAUTI group were compared.Results The incidence of CAUTI in patients in CAUTI group was 0.99‰,the incidence of healthcare-associated UTI in patients in non-CAUTI group was 0.14％.There was statis-tically significant difference in the distribution of UTI pathogens between the two groups(P＜0.05).The patho-gens of the CAUTI group were mainly Gram-negative bacteria(56.1％),with high proportions of Escherichia coli(19.6％)and Klebsiella pneumoniae(15.0％).In the non-CAUTI group,the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was higher(64.7％).Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results showed that the resistance rates of Escherichia co-li to tobramycin,cephalosporins,and carbapenems in the CAUTI group were all higher than those in the non-CAU-TI group(all P＜0.05).Except for tigecycline,the resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to other antimicrobial agents in the CAUTI group were all significantly different from the non-CAUTI group(all P＜0.05).The resis-tance rates of Acinetobacterbaumannii to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid,quinolones,most cephalosporins,carbapenems,and aminoglycosides in the CAUTI group were higher than those of the non-CAUTI group(all P＜0.05).The de-tection rates of MDROs were higher in the CAUTI group,especially that of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneu-moniae,accounting for 57.8％.Conclusion There are significant differences in pathogen distribution and antimi-crobial resistance of UTI between the CAUTI group and the non-CAUTI group.It is necessary to establish a re-gional antimicrobial resistance surveillance system for pathogens in UTI,and provide basis for the rational use of an-timicrobial agents in clinical practice.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of anonymous online dating and related factors of not being tested for HIV among men who have sex with men and to provide the basis for developing targeted HIV prevention strategies and intervention measures.Methods:Using a cross-sectional study design, respondents were recruited with the assistance of MSM social organizations from April to July 2023 in eight cities in Shandong Province. Snowball sampling, activity venues, and networks were employed, targeting a sample size of 400 people per city. A face-to-face questionnaire survey collected data on sociodemographic characteristics, drug use, sexual intercourse, and online informed dating. Blood samples were also collected for HIV and syphilis antibody testing.Results:In the past six months, 2 787 MSM sought homosexual partners through the Internet, and 78.26% (2 181/2 787) chose to make anonymous online dating. Before having homosexual sex with online sexual partners, 10.41% (290/2 787) of them did not ask each other about HIV infection status and 33.37% (930/2 787) of them not being tested for HIV. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of age, marital status, household registration, education level, sexual orientation, ways to find male sexual partners, not asking online sexual partners about their HIV status before sexual intercourse, no mutual HIV testing with online sexual partners before sexual intercourse, and syphilis antibody between anonymous and non-anonymous online dating persons (all P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that <25 years old (a OR=1.43, 95% CI: 1.15-1.77) and ≥35 years old age group (a OR=1.61, 95% CI: 1.29-2.01), people with no AIDS knowledge (a OR=2.37, 95% CI: 1.25-4.49), drug users (a OR=1.38, 95% CI: 1.17-1.63), online dating anonymous (a OR=2.19, 95% CI: 1.76-2.73), HIV antibody positive (a OR=3.61, 95% CI: 2.22-5.88) and no intervention services in the last 1 year (a OR=1.58, 95% CI: 1.05-2.38) were the related factors of MSM not being tested for HIV before having sexual intercourse through online dating. Conclusions:The phenomenon of anonymous online dating was common among MSM in Shandong Province, and the proportion of MSM not being tested for HIV before having sexual intercourse through anonymous online dating was relatively high. It is necessary to strengthen health publicity and promote informed dating in MSM.

OBJECTIVE To explore the distribution and drug resistance of the pathogens causing the abdominal(pelvic)soft tissue infections in secondary or above medical institutions of Suzhou so as to provide bases for pre-vention and control of the infections.METHODS The surveillance data of abdominal(pelvic)soft tissue infections that were reported regularly from 58 member institutions of Suzhou from Jan.2020 to Dec.2023 were collected from the regional nosocomial infection surveillance platform by Suzhou nosocomial infection management and qual-ity control center.Totally 26 tertiary hospitals and 32 secondary hospitals were involved.RESULTS Most of the 1178 strains of pathogens were isolated from the tertiary hospitals,the proportion of gram-negative bacteria was the highest;Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecium ranked the top 3 species.The constituent ratio of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae(CRKP)strains the was highest among the mul-tidrug-resistant organisms.The K.pneumoniae and CRKP strains were sensitive to tigecycline;the E.coli strains were highly sensitive to carbapenems,minocycline and piperacillin-tazobactam;Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains were highly resistant to most of the antibiotics;Enterobacter cloacae strains were highly resistant to ampi-cillin-sulbactam but were highly sensitive to carbapenems;the drug resistance rate of the A.baumannii strains to tigecycline was less than 5％;the drug resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to ticarcillin-clavulanic acid was highest.CONCLUSIONS The abdominal(pelvic)soft tissue infection is always mixed infections.The pathogens show severe drug resistance.It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of etiological spectrum and drug resistance and conduct targeted guidance for clinical practice of diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and differences in antimicrobial resistance be-tween catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI)and non-CAUTI of healthcare-associated infection(HAI),and provide scientific basis for precise clinical prevention and control.Methods Based on the regional HAI surveillance platform in Suzhou City,urinary tract infection(UTI)surveillance data reported by 61 member units from January 2020 to December 2024 were analyzed retrospectively.Pathogen distribution,detection rate of multi-drug-resistant organisms(MDROs),and antimicrobial resistance spectrum characteristics of patients in the CAUTI group and non-CAUTI group were compared.Results The incidence of CAUTI in patients in CAUTI group was 0.99‰,the incidence of healthcare-associated UTI in patients in non-CAUTI group was 0.14％.There was statis-tically significant difference in the distribution of UTI pathogens between the two groups(P＜0.05).The patho-gens of the CAUTI group were mainly Gram-negative bacteria(56.1％),with high proportions of Escherichia coli(19.6％)and Klebsiella pneumoniae(15.0％).In the non-CAUTI group,the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria was higher(64.7％).Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results showed that the resistance rates of Escherichia co-li to tobramycin,cephalosporins,and carbapenems in the CAUTI group were all higher than those in the non-CAU-TI group(all P＜0.05).Except for tigecycline,the resistance rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae to other antimicrobial agents in the CAUTI group were all significantly different from the non-CAUTI group(all P＜0.05).The resis-tance rates of Acinetobacterbaumannii to ticarcillin/clavulanic acid,quinolones,most cephalosporins,carbapenems,and aminoglycosides in the CAUTI group were higher than those of the non-CAUTI group(all P＜0.05).The de-tection rates of MDROs were higher in the CAUTI group,especially that of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneu-moniae,accounting for 57.8％.Conclusion There are significant differences in pathogen distribution and antimi-crobial resistance of UTI between the CAUTI group and the non-CAUTI group.It is necessary to establish a re-gional antimicrobial resistance surveillance system for pathogens in UTI,and provide basis for the rational use of an-timicrobial agents in clinical practice.

Purpose To explore the clinical value of screening for partial agenesis of the corpus callosum(PACC)via measuring the distance from the end of the fetal corpus callosum to the occipital bone.Materials and Methods A Prospective study were performed from October 2017 to April 2023 in Ji’an Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital and Jiangxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital.A total of 33 PACC fetuses(abnormal group)and 396 normal fetuses(normal group)were selected as the research subjects.The distance(Z value)from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was measured,Z value was calculated and compared between groups.The truncation value and related diagnostic efficiency indexes were calculated by receiver operator characteristic curve analysis,and the positive rate of Z value of abnormal group was compared with that of indirect signs.Results The distance from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was positively correlated with the gestational age(r=0.913,P<0.001).The best regression equation was that the distance from the terminal posterior edge of the corpus callosum to the occipital bone was 3.879+1.115×gestational age,and the standard deviation was 1.670.The results of mean comparison showed that the Z value of the abnormal group was significantly higher than that of the normal group(t=11.223 9,P<0.001).When Z value 2.199 7 was used as the cut-off value for the diagnosis of PACC,the area under the curve was 0.9981,the Yoden index was 0.959 6,and the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive values were 96.97%,98.99%,88.89%and 99.75%,respectively.The positive rate of Z value in abnormal group was significantly higher than that of indirect signs(96.97%vs.63.64%,χ2=7.692 3,P<0.01).Conclusion The distance from the terminal posterior edge of corpus callosum to the occipital bone of PACC fetus is larger than that of normal fetus.The increase of Z value indicates that the end of corpus callosum moves forward,which can be used as one of the basis for screening PACC,and it has high clinical value when Z value 2.199 7 is used as the cut-off value for PACC screening.