Objective:To explore the training experiences of palliative care nurses participating in a prognosis disclosure workshop based on Kolb's experiential learning model, and to provide references for future educational programs in palliative care nursing.Methods:Using purposive sampling, 11 nurses were recruited who had participated in the "Palliative Care Competency Training Program for Nurses" in Shanghai between March and May 2025 and selected the Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University as their clinical training site. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.Results:A total of three major themes emerged: a sense of benefit from enhanced competencies; complex emotional experiences; recommendations for course optimisation.Conclusions:Workshops based on Kolb's experiential learning model offer positive value in palliative care education. They effectively improve core competencies such as communication and empathy. However, the emotional experiences of nurses must also be considered, and multifaceted optimizations to the training design are recommended to further enhance training outcomes.

Objective:To study the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) for thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) 4 type thyroid micro-nodules (TN).Methods:A total of 121 TI-RADS 4 TN patients admitted to Zhanjiang Central People's Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects. All patients underwent examinations such as CEUS, FNA, and pathology (as the gold standard). The CEUS manifestations of TI-RADS 4 benign and malignant nodules were observed. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of CEUS and FNA alone and in combination for TI-RADS 4 type TN benign and malignant nodules were calculated and compared.Results:Among the 121 patients, there were 109 females and 12 males, with an age of (48.27 ± 7.76) years. Pathological diagnosis showed 74 cases of malignancy and 47 cases of benign. CEUS diagnosed 64 cases of malignancy and 57 cases of benign, with a diagnostic accuracy of 86.49% (64/74); the CEUS manifestations of benign and malignant nodules were compared in terms of enhancement mode, enhancement level, uniformity, peripheral ring shape, and post enhancement boundary, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.001). FNA diagnosed 62 cases of malignancy and 59 cases of benign, with a diagnostic accuracy of 83.78% (62/74). CEUS combined with FNA diagnosed 72 cases of malignancy and 49 cases of benign, with a diagnostic accuracy rate of 97.30% (72/74). The accuracy of CEUS combined with FNA in diagnosing malignant nodules was higher than that of CEUS and FNA alone ( P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of CEUS combined with FNA in diagnosing malignant nodules were higher than those of CEUS and FNA alone ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The combination of CEUS and FNA has good diagnostic value for TI-RADS 4 type TN, which can improve the accuracy and diagnostic efficiency of malignant nodule diagnosis.

Objective:To explore the training experiences of palliative care nurses participating in a prognosis disclosure workshop based on Kolb's experiential learning model, and to provide references for future educational programs in palliative care nursing.Methods:Using purposive sampling, 11 nurses were recruited who had participated in the "Palliative Care Competency Training Program for Nurses" in Shanghai between March and May 2025 and selected the Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University as their clinical training site. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, and data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method.Results:A total of three major themes emerged: a sense of benefit from enhanced competencies; complex emotional experiences; recommendations for course optimisation.Conclusions:Workshops based on Kolb's experiential learning model offer positive value in palliative care education. They effectively improve core competencies such as communication and empathy. However, the emotional experiences of nurses must also be considered, and multifaceted optimizations to the training design are recommended to further enhance training outcomes.

Objective:To systematically evaluate and synthesize qualitative studies on palliative care nurses' cognition and experiences in disclosing the truth about a cancer diagnosis to patients, and to provide a reference for developing comprehensive and targeted communication strategies.Methods:A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wiley, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang Data, and China Biology Medicine disc for qualitative studies on palliative care nurses' cognition and experience regarding truth-telling to cancer patients. The search covered publications from inception to November 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research (2016) was used for quality appraisal, and meta-synthesis was performed using an aggregative approach.Results:A total of 12 studies were included. From these, 26 themes were extracted, which were categorized into 9 categories and ultimately synthesized into 3 integrated findings: palliative care nurses' understanding of truth-telling to cancer patients; barriers encountered by palliative care nurses in truth-telling; strategies to facilitate effective disclosure.Conclusions:Palliative care nurses recognize the value of truth-telling in cancer care but face multiple barriers in its implementation. Future efforts should focus on enhancing training, promoting interdisciplinary team collaboration, and improving public awareness to advance communication practices regarding truth-telling in palliative care.

Objective:To study the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) combined with fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) for thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) 4 type thyroid micro-nodules (TN).Methods:A total of 121 TI-RADS 4 TN patients admitted to Zhanjiang Central People's Hospital from June 2020 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects. All patients underwent examinations such as CEUS, FNA, and pathology (as the gold standard). The CEUS manifestations of TI-RADS 4 benign and malignant nodules were observed. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of CEUS and FNA alone and in combination for TI-RADS 4 type TN benign and malignant nodules were calculated and compared.Results:Among the 121 patients, there were 109 females and 12 males, with an age of (48.27 ± 7.76) years. Pathological diagnosis showed 74 cases of malignancy and 47 cases of benign. CEUS diagnosed 64 cases of malignancy and 57 cases of benign, with a diagnostic accuracy of 86.49% (64/74); the CEUS manifestations of benign and malignant nodules were compared in terms of enhancement mode, enhancement level, uniformity, peripheral ring shape, and post enhancement boundary, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.001). FNA diagnosed 62 cases of malignancy and 59 cases of benign, with a diagnostic accuracy of 83.78% (62/74). CEUS combined with FNA diagnosed 72 cases of malignancy and 49 cases of benign, with a diagnostic accuracy rate of 97.30% (72/74). The accuracy of CEUS combined with FNA in diagnosing malignant nodules was higher than that of CEUS and FNA alone ( P < 0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of CEUS combined with FNA in diagnosing malignant nodules were higher than those of CEUS and FNA alone ( P < 0.05). Conclusion:The combination of CEUS and FNA has good diagnostic value for TI-RADS 4 type TN, which can improve the accuracy and diagnostic efficiency of malignant nodule diagnosis.

Objective:To systematically evaluate and synthesize qualitative studies on palliative care nurses' cognition and experiences in disclosing the truth about a cancer diagnosis to patients, and to provide a reference for developing comprehensive and targeted communication strategies.Methods:A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Wiley, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, Wanfang Data, and China Biology Medicine disc for qualitative studies on palliative care nurses' cognition and experience regarding truth-telling to cancer patients. The search covered publications from inception to November 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research (2016) was used for quality appraisal, and meta-synthesis was performed using an aggregative approach.Results:A total of 12 studies were included. From these, 26 themes were extracted, which were categorized into 9 categories and ultimately synthesized into 3 integrated findings: palliative care nurses' understanding of truth-telling to cancer patients; barriers encountered by palliative care nurses in truth-telling; strategies to facilitate effective disclosure.Conclusions:Palliative care nurses recognize the value of truth-telling in cancer care but face multiple barriers in its implementation. Future efforts should focus on enhancing training, promoting interdisciplinary team collaboration, and improving public awareness to advance communication practices regarding truth-telling in palliative care.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope in the treatment of parapelvic cysts.Methods:The clinical data of 21 patients with parapelvic cysts in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from January 2018 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 10 males and 11 females. The average age was (62.86±5.38) years, and median age was 63.0 years, aged from 36-72 years. The maximum diameter of the cyst was 33-71 mm, with an average of (53.46±9.68) mm. There were 15 cases with homolateral hydronephrosis and 6 cases with homolateral renal calculus. The patients included in the study were treated with incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope. The double J ureteral catheter was removed and the urinary system ultrasound was repeated one month after surgery. CT on bilateral kidney was repeated every 6 months until 12 months after surgery. Subsequently, ultrasound on bilateral kidney was reviewed regularly every year. Prognostic indexes sunch as operation time, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative time of getting out of bed, intraoperative blood loss, recurrence and shrinkage of renal cysts were recorded.Results:Of the 21 patients who underwent incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope, 9 cases (42.9%) underwent the one-stage operation and 12 cases (57.1%) underwent the two-stage operation. The mean operative time was (41.57±10.86) min, the mean postoperative hospitalization time was (2.90±1.06) d, the mean time of getting out of bed was (0.53±0.30) d, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was (6.52±2.15) mL. No significant recurrence of cysts was observed in all patients after 6-60 months of follow-up, and the cysts disappeared completely or shrank significantly.Conclusion:Incision and drainage with Holmium laser under flexible ureteroscope is safe and reliable in patients with parapelvic cysts, with short operation time, minor blood loss, rapid postoperative recovery and low recurrence rate, which is one of the ideal treatment options for parapelvic cysts.

Objective To observe the anesthetic effect of laryngeal mask general anesthesia combined with abdominal"loop anesthesia"block in laparoscopic resection of colon cancer.Methods A total of 60 patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of colon cancer in the Third Hospital of Xiamen from January 2022 to March 2023 were selected.According to random number table method,they were divided into L group(laryngeal mask general anesthesia,30 cases)and U group(laryngeal mask general anesthesia combined with abdominal"loop anesthesia"block,30 cases).The dosage of propofol and remifentanil for anesthesia maintenance,time to completion of surgery,visual analogue scale(VAS)score after consciousness and sufentanil dosage were recorded and compared between two groups.The satisfaction of analgesia 12h after surgery was compared between two groups.Results There were no significant differences in gender,age,body mass,height and operation time between two groups(P>0.05).The total dosage of remifentanil and propofol in U group was significantly lower than that in L group(P<0.001).The VAS score in the anesthesia recovery room of U group was significantly lower than that of L group,and the dosage of sufentanil was significantly lower than that of L group(P<0.001).The satisfaction of analgesia in U group was significantly higher than that in L group(χ2=6.772,P=0.031).Conclusion Compared with laryngeal mask general anesthesia,laryngeal mask general anesthesia combined with abdominal"loop anesthesia"block can reduce the amount of anesthesia maintenance drugs in laparoscopic colon cancer resection,reduce the amount of sufentanil in the anesthesia recovery room,and improve the satisfaction of postoperative analgesia.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of en-bloc Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) with an early apical mucosa dissection technique for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).Methods:The clinical data of 215 patients treated with HoLEP for BPH from January 2020 to January 2023 in the Department of Urology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. According to different treatment methods, the patients were divided into study group ( n=112) and control group ( n=103). Patients in the study group were treated by the en-bloc HoLEP with an early apical mucosa dissection technique, while patients in the control group were treated by the classical two or three-lobes HoLEP. The primary endpoints included the rates of urinary incontinence at 1-month, 3-month, and 6-month after surgery in two groups of patients. The secondary endpoints included operative time, hemoglobin decrease, dissected prostate weight, postoperative indwelling catheter time, postoperative hospital stay, and international prostate symptom score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), Qmax, and postvoid residual urine (PVR) at 3-month and 6-month after surgery. The measurement data were tested by Shapiro-Wilk normality test. The normal distribution of the measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and independent sample t-test was used for comparison between two groups. Measurement data of skewness distribution were expressed as median (interquartile distance) [ M( Q1, Q3)], and Wilcoxon or Mann-Whitney U test were used for comparison between two groups. The count data in the two groups were compared by the Chi-square test. Results:The incidence of urinary incontinence in the study group was 9.0% (10/112) and 3.6% (4/112) at 1-month and 3-month after surgery, which was significantly lower than those in the control group [18.5% (19/103) and 11.7% (12/103)], and the differences were statistically significant ( P< 0.05). Urinary incontinence in two groups recovered completely 6-month after surgery. The operation time of the study group was (68.74±23.71) min, which was lower than that of the control group [(88.04±25.43) min], and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in hemoglobin decrease, dissected prostate weight, postoperative indwelling catheter time, postoperative hospital stay in the two groups ( P> 0.05). The IPSS, QoL, Qmax and PVR of the two groups were significantly improved at 3-month and 6-month after surgery ( P< 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P> 0.05). Conclusion:En-bloc HoLEP with an early apical mucosa dissection technique is safe and reliable in treating BPH, and has advantages over classic HoLEP in terms of short-term urinary continence rates, shortening operation time.

Objective:To compare the specific mechanism and effects between christina loosestrife and snowbellleaf tickclover herb on kidney calcium oxalate calculi in rats.Methods:A total of 54 SPF grade SD male rats were fed adaptically for 1 week to 180-200 g, the models of rats with kidney calcium oxalate calculi were established by intragastric administration with glycol, and divided into nine groups according to random number table method and controlled, which were healthy control group (group A), positive control group (model group, group B), low, medium and high doses of christina loosestrife groups (C1, C2, C3, 3 groups), low, medium and high doses of snowbellleaf tickclover herb groups (D1, D2, D3, 3 groups), therapeutic control group (potassium sodium hydrogen citrate group, group E), 6 rats in each group. After 4 weeks, samples were collected to determine the urine and serum biochemical indexes of each group, and Von Kossa staining was used to detect kidney calcium oxalate crystals. Calcium oxalate crystal deposition in kidney tissues of rats was observed under polarization microscope, and the difference of efficacy between the two drug effects was determined by the percentage of positive area in photos and the urine and serum biochemical indexes. The measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between groups, and SNK- q test was used for comparison between two groups. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare crystal formation between groups. Results:Compared with the positive control group and christina loosestrife groups, high dose of snowbellleaf tickclover herb could significantly reduce serum creatinine level ( P<0.01), the mean serum creatinine of rats with christina loosestrife was (86.70±11.49) μmol/L, that of rats with snowbellleaf tickclover herb was (70.72±9.08) μmol/L, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). High dose of christina loosestrife and snowbellleaf tickclover herb could significantly increase urinary magnesium and decrease serum urea levels, and there was no statistical significance between them ( P>0.05). Compared with the positive control group, high dose of christina loosestrife ( P<0.000 1) and snowbellleaf tickclover herb ( P<0.000 1) could both inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate crystals and protect the kidney of rats, and there was no statistical significance between the two effects ( P>0.05). The levels of urine pH value could not be increased, while the levels of urinary calcium urinary oxalic acid and 24 h urine volume, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, serum magnesium, blood uric acid and content of kidney oxalate could not be decreased significantly after using these two drugs. Conclusion:Snowbellleaf tickclover herb is better than christina loosestrife in preventing recurrence of kidney calcium oxalate calculi and protecting renal function.