Objective:To observe any effect of exercise preconditioning on the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the brain tissue of rats after induced cerebral ischemia and reperfusion, and how it might promote angiogenesis.Methods:Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sham-operation group, a model group and an exercise preconditioning group, each of 12. After adaptive running training for 3 days, the exercise preconditioning group ran daily for 30 minutes at 15m/min for 14 days, while the other two groups did not exercise. Middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion were then induced in the model and exercise preconditioning groups using the modified Zea-Longa suture method. Rats in the sham-operation group were only cut open to expose the right carotid artery. Right after the modeling, and again 24 hours later neurological deficit was evaluated using the Zea-Longa score and modified neurological severity scoring (mNSS). Infarct sizes were measured using 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining. Any morphological changes were noted using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and the expression of CD31 protein, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor in the ischemic cerebral cortex were quantified immunohistochemically.Results:Right after the modelling, compared with the sham-operation group, the average Zea-Longa scores of the model and exercise groups had increased significantly, but were not significantly different from each other. Twenty-four hours later the average Zea-Longa score, mNSS score and relative cerebral infarction area of the model group had increased significantly compared with the sham-operation group, while the exercise preconditioning group′s averages had decreased significantly. The HE staining showed that compared with the sham-operation group, pathological changes such as loose tissue, reduced number of nerve cells, nucleolysis, and vacuolization of the cerebral cortex on the ischemic side were found in the model group. Compared with the model group, the pathological changes in the exercise preconditioning group were less serious. The levels of CD31 protein, HIF-1α and VEGF in the ischemic cerebral cortexes of the model group had by then increased significantly. But compared with the model group, those levels had increased more in the exercise preconditioning group.Conclusion:Exercise preconditioning can effectively promote angiogenesis after cerebral ischemia and reduce chronic injury. That may be related to the activation of the HIF-1α and/or VEGF signaling pathways.

Objective:To explore the prognosis efficacy of psycho-cardiological therapy and management on patients with coronary atherosclerosis disease (CAD).Methods:This was a clinical randomized controlled study. This study included inpatients with CAD at the cardiology department in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University from August 2021 to January 2024. The patients enrolled in this study were asked for basic information, and received measurements for depression, anxiety, sleep quality and living quality by the scales of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder scale-7 (GAD-7), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) respectively. The patients were randomly grouped into a regular treatment group and a psycho-cardiological treatment group which included WeChat management or antidepressant/antianxiety medical therapy according to the situation. After the patients discharging from hospital for 2, 4, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 weeks, professional cardiovascular doctors would follow up by telephone, WeChat, and outpatient department, including scales (2-48 weeks), and cardiac events (2-96 weeks). Kaplan-Meier survival curve and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were used for analyzing the association between psycho-cardiological treatment and cardiac events.Results:This study recruited a total of 552 patients with CAD, aged 61.0(54.0, 67.0) years, and 379 (68.7%) were male. There were 279(50.5%) in the regular treatment group and 273(49.5%) in the psycho-cardiological treatment group. After treatment for 4, 12 and 48 weeks, the PHQ-9 score in psycho-cardiological was significantly lower than the regular treatment group; After treatment for 12 weeks, the EQ-5D-5L effective value in psycho-cardiological group was higher than the regular treatment group; After treatment for 2, 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks, the EQ-5D-5L VAS score in psycho-cardiological group was higher than the regular therapy group (all P<0.05). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that, during the different follow-up periods, the rate of cardiac events in psycho-cardiological treatment group was lower than regular treatment group (log-rank P<0.001). The multivariate Cox proportional hazards model adjusted the factor of age, the psycho-cardiological treatment contributed to reducing the cardiac events rate by 80.3% ( HR=0.197, 95% CI: 0.067-0.582, P=0.003). Conclusion:Psycho-cardiological treatment is beneficial for improving psychological stress, living quality, and reducing cardiac events, and helps to improve prognosis and psycho-cardiological rehabilitation in CAD patients.

Objective To construct a rehabilitation nursing program for stroke patients based on the international classification of functioning, disability and health (ICF). Methods The relevant domestic and foreign literatures were systematically searched, and a draft of the rehabilitation nursing program for stroke patients based on the 17 functional items in the four dimensions of ICF functional evaluation was constructed. The Delphi method was used to consult experts to further improve the program. Results A total of 16 experts completed two rounds of expert consultation. The expert authority coefficients of the first and second rounds of consultation were 0.897 and 0.897, respectively, with coefficient of variations ranging from 0.05 to 0.27 and 0.05 to 0.19, respectively. The Kendall's W coefficients were 0.384 and 0.452 (χ²=104.375, 122.831, P < 0.001), respectively. In the final rehabilitation nursing program for stroke patients, there were four first-level indicators (functional domains), 17 second-level indicators (intervention contents), and 73 third-level indicators (specific measures). Conclusion The rehabilitation nursing program for stroke patients based on ICF is scientific and reliable, and may provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the rehabilitation nursing of clinical stroke patients.

Objective To isolate the secondary metabolites of endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. J218 from Anectochilus roxburhii. Methods Different chromatographic methods, including Sephadex LH-20 and silica gel chromatography as well as HPLC, were used to isolate compounds from the EtOAc fraction of the solid fermentation of J218, and their structures were identified by spectral methods. Results Ten compounds were isolated from the fermentation of J218 and their structures were individually identified as kotanin（1）, flavasperone（2）, aurasperone B（3）, fonsecinone B（4）, fonsecinone D（5）, ensidol A（6）, fonsecinone A（7）, fonsecinone C（8）, aurasperone A（9）, and fonsecinone F（10）. Conclusion Most compounds isolated from endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. J218 in Anectochilus roxburhii were identified as dimeric naphthopyrones. These results suggest that this strain contains rich dimerization synthase, which could provide clues for the further exploration of the rational biosynthesis pathway of dimeric naphthopyrones in this strain.

Objective: To analyze HIV/AIDS surveillance data in men who have sex with men (MSM) aged from 15 to 24 years in Fuzhou and understand the HIV infection status in MSM and related factors. Methods: From 2016 to 2021, MSM aged 15-24 years who had oral or anal sex with men in the past 6 months were recruited through internet, and their demographic and behavioral characteristics, HIV antibody positive rate and risk factors were analyzed. Results: From 2016 to 2021, a total of 4 234 MSM aged 15-24 years were surveyed. The proportion of MSM from other provinces increased from 13.00% (85/654) to 23.42% (163/696) (trend χ²=60.23, P<0.001); and the proportion of MSM seeking male partners through internet increased from 93.27% (610/654) to 99.71% (694/696) (trend χ²=65.20, P<0.001); In the last anal sex in the past 6 months, the proportion of MSM using condom decreased from 88.16% (484/549) to 74.11% (415/560) (trend χ²=32.32, P<0.001); and in the past 6 months, the proportion of MSM using condom at each anal sex decreased from 65.76% (361/549) to 55.54% (311/560) (trend χ² =6.82, P<0.001); The proportion of MSM with HIV antibody testing increased from 5.66% (37/654) to 25.29% (176/696) (trend χ²=98.51, P<0.001). The cumulative HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM was 3.64% (154/4 234), and there was no significant difference in annual HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM (trend χ²=0.50, P=0.453). The HIV antibody positive rate in the MSM with education level of junior high school or below and the MSM living in Fuzhou for 1-2 years showed an upward trend (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk for HIV infection in the MSM with education level of high school or technical secondary school was 0.54 times higher than that in those with education level of junior high school or below (95%CI: 0.30-0.99), and the risk for HIV infection in the MSM with education level of junior college or below was 0.29 times higher than that in those with education level of junior high school or below (95%CI: 0.17-0.51). The risk for HIV infection in the MSM who lived in Fuzhou for 1-2 years was 0.35 times higher than that in those who lived in Fuzhou for less than 1 year (95%CI: 0.16-0.74), the risk for HIV infection in the MSM who lived in Fuzhou for more than two years was 0.58 times higher than that in those who lived in Fuzhou for less than 1 year (95%CI: 0.37-0.91). The number of MSM using condoms at each anal sex was 0.18 times higher than that in the those never using condoms (95%CI: 0.08-0.42), and the number of the MSM who didn't suffered from sexually transmitted diseases was 0.25 times higher than that in those who suffered from sexually transmitted diseases (95%CI: 0.13-0.50). Conclusions: The MSM aged 15-24 years in Fuzhou have higher risk for HIV infection, and internet based intervention should be strengthened in adolescent MSM without permanent residence and with low education level.
Adolescent ; Male ; Humans ; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/epidemiology* ; HIV Infections/epidemiology* ; Homosexuality, Male ; Sexual and Gender Minorities ; Internet

Objective:To explore the gap between the clinical nursing status and practice guidelines of elderly functional constipation, propose corresponding action strategies, and provide reference for the clinical transformation of the guidelines.Methods:From July to October 2019, totally 330 clinical nurses and nursing managers of elderly patients with functional constipation admitted into the general hospitals, hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine, and hospitals of traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine in Beijing were selected by convenient sampling and investigated with self-made questionnaires. The standard and algorithm of recommendations were formulated, and Excel software was used to calculate the compliance rate, partial compliance rate, and non-compliant rate of recommendations. A total of 330 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 330 questionnaires were recovered, with a recovery rate of 100.0% (330/330) . After excluding invalid questionnaires such as items with missing values greater than 10% and all items having the same answers, there were 317 valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 96.1% (317/330) .Results:Among the recommendations of the 12 guidelines, the 3 items with the highest compliance rate were health education related to toileting patterns, health education related to activities and sports, satisfaction and effect evaluation, while the 4 items with the highest non-compliance rates were building interdisciplinary teams, comprehensive education and program promotion, health assessment, and physical examination of medication history. There was a statistically significant difference in the clinical practice status between nurses who had and had not received relevant training ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:Most nurses can provide comprehensive care for elderly patients with functional constipation, but there is a big gap between the practice and the guidelines. Measures such as strengthening nurse training and talent training and standardizing the nursing process of constipation can help promote the clinical translation of evidence.

Inflammatory caspase-11 senses and is activated by intracellular lipopolysaccharide (LPS) leading to pyroptosis that has critical role in defensing against bacterial infection, whereas its excess activation under pathogenic circumstances may cause various inflammatory diseases. However, there are few known drugs that can control caspase-11 activation. We report here that scutellarin, a flavonoid from Erigeron breviscapus, acted as an inhibitor for caspase-11 activation in macrophages. Scutellarin dose-dependently inhibited intracellular LPS-induced release of caspase-11p26 (indicative of caspase-11 activation) and generation of N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D (GSDMD-NT), leading to reduced pyroptosis. It also suppressed the activation of non-canonical nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome as evidenced by reduced apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) speck formation and decreased interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and caspase-1p10 secretion, whereas the NLRP3-specific inhibitor MCC950 only inhibited IL-1β and caspase-1p10 release and ASC speck formation but not pyroptosis. Scutellarin also suppressed LPS-induced caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in RAW 264.7 cells lacking ASC expression. Moreover, scutellarin treatment increased Ser/Thr phosphorylation of caspase-11 at protein kinase A (PKA)-specific sites, and its inhibitory action on caspase-11 activation was largely abrogated by PKA inhibitor H89 or by adenylyl cyclase inhibitor MDL12330A. Collectively, our data indicate that scutellarin inhibited caspase-11 activation and pyroptosis in macrophages at least partly via regulating the PKA signaling pathway.

Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of methimazole combined with selenium therapy in the treatment of hyperthyroidism .Methods 130 cases with hyperthyroidism were selected , and according to the digital table they were randomly divided into methimazole plus selenium treatment group ( ATD +Se group ) and methimazole treatment group(ATD group),65 cases in each group.The patients were followed up for 3 months.The thyroid function index and thyroid antibody index were observed before and after treatment .The adverse reactions were observed,too.Results After treatment,the serum levels of FT3,FT4,TSH in the ATD +Se group were (3.32 ± 0.53)pg/mL,(1.02 ±0.17)ng/dL,(2.72 ±0.32)mIU/L,respectively,which in the ATD group were (4.82 ± 0.75)pg/mL,(2.41 ±0.32)ng/dL,(2.72 ±0.32)mIU/L,respectively.The change ranges of the ATD +Se group were better than those of the ATD group ,the differences were statistically significant (t=4.591,3.814,3.567,all P<0.05).The TPOAb,TGAb,TRAb in the ATD+Se group were (120.3 ±23.1) IU/mL,(123.3 ±26.5) IU/mL, (1.72 ±0.89)IU/mL,respectively,which in the ATD group were (132.8 ±21.1)IU/mL,(134.8 ±21.3)IU/mL, (3.68 ±1.06)IU/mL,respectively.The changes of the ATD+Se group were more significant than those of the ATD group,the differences were statistically significant (t=4.291,3.514,3.767,all P<0.05 ).The total effective rate of the ATD+Se group was higher than that of the ATD group (90.77％vs.76.92％χ2 =13.147,P<0.05 ).The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the ATD +Se group was lower than that in the ATD group (12.31％vs.27.69％χ2 =18.685,P<0.05 ).Conclusion The results suggest that methimazole combined with selenium treatment is effective and safe for hyperthyroidism .

Objective To evaluate the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on index of microvascular resistance (IMR)and coronary flow reserve (CFR) and to explore the characteristics of IMR and CFR and the relationship between IMR and angiographic features in patients with intermediate coronary stenosis and chest pain.Methods Fractional flow reserve (FFR),CFR,and IMR were measured in patients who underwent invasive coronary angiography with 40％-70％ stenosis by visual assessment.All patients with FFR＞0.75 were enrolled and grouped with the cut-off points of IMR≥25 and CFR≤2.0.Patients with IMR≥25 were group H,including two sub-groups (high IMR-low CFR,group H1 and high IMR-high CFR,group H2),while those with IMR＜25 were group N.The thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) frame were counted.Results A total of 34 patients with FFR＞0.75 were enrolled with 61.8％(21 cases) of males and 38.2％ (13 cases) of females.The mean age was (57.3±8.1) years old.High IMR accounted for 47.1％ of all cases.There was significant difference between group H and N in TIMI frame (33.0 vs.20.8,P=0.031).There were significant differences between group H1 and H2 in homocysteine (17.8 μmol/L vs.12.0 μmol/L,P=0.005) and IMRcorr (58.0 vs.36.1,P=0.002).IMRcorrwas correlated to TIMI frame (r=0.40,P=0.012) for all cases.The sensitivity and specificity of inferring IMR≥35.3 by TIMI frame were 0.75 and 0.65 (P=0.049) with TIMI frame over 40.5.Conclusions High IMR may be one of the reasons for chest pain in patients with intermediate coronary stenosis.There is no correlation between vascular risk factors and IMR or CFR,while there is positive correlation between TIMI frame and IMR.The specificity is 65％ for inferring IMR rise with TIMI frame over 40.5.

Objectives Exploring the association between depression/anxiety and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods A total of 178 subjects was enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criterion with 88 men and 90 women at age of (54±12)years. The subjects were divided into four groups including CAD with depression/anxiety, CAD without depression/anxiety, depression/anxiety without CAD, and control group based on the state of coronary artery, the scores of Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item(GAD-7). MSIMI was diagnosed by echocardiography. Data were analyzed by SPSS19.0. Results The incidence of MSIMI in all CAD patients was 17.24%. Within each group, 35.00% patients were MSIMI in CAD with depression/anxiety, 2.13% were in CAD without depression/anxiety, 14.29% were in depression/anxiety without CAD, and 2.38% were in control group. The risks of MSIMI in depression/anxiety without CAD and with CAD groups were 6.83 (P>0.05) and 22.08 times (P<0.05) higher than that in control group, respectively. Logistic regression showed that a 1-point increment in the GAD-7 score, but not PHQ-9 score [ OR=0.95, 95% CI (0.77-1.17), P=0.63], was associated with 1.22-fold increase in the likehood of MSIMI [95% CI (1.07-1.38), P=0.00]. Conclusions The MSIMI rate is much higher in patients with CAD comorbid depression/ anxiety compared with CAD without depression/anxiety. Anxiety, but not depression, is an independent risk factor of MSIMI in CAD patients.