ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and possible mechanism of Wei's Huoxue Tongluo Formula （韦氏活血通络方，WHTF） in treating atrophic-stage non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy （NAION） with qi deficiency and blood stasis. MethodsA total of 82 atrophic-stage NAION patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group， with 41 cases in each group. The treatment group was given oral administration of WHTF twice a day plus acupoint injection of distilled water 2 ml at Taiyang （EX-HN5） once daily， while the control group received injection of compound anisodine injection 2 ml at Taiyang （EX-HN5） once daily and oral administration of WHTF placebo twice a day. Both groups received treatment for a course of 14 days. The best-corrected visual acuity （BCVA）， optic disc perfusion density （PD）， flux index （FI）， macular superficial PD， vascular density （VD）， and traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores were compared between groups before treatment and on day 7 and day 14 of treatment. Additionally， mean defect （MD） and mean sensitivity （MS） of visual fields were measured before treatment and on day 14， along with safety evaluation. ResultsAfter treatment， both groups showed significant improvement in BCVA， visual field MD and MS， and TCM syndrome scores （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. On day 14 of treatment， the TCM syndrome score in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P＜0.05）. There was no significant improvement in optic disc PD and FI， and macular superficial PD and VD after treatment in either group （P＞0.05） except that on day 7 the macular superficial foveal PD in the control group was significantly better than that in the treatment group （P＜0.05）. During the treatment period， no serious adverse events occurred in either group. ConclusionWHTF can improve the visual function indicators including visual acuity and visual field， as well as TCM syndrome scores in atrophic-stage NAION patients with qi deficiency and blood stasis. It shows clinical safety， although it does not appear to have a significant effect on optic disc or macular blood flow.

OBJECTIVE To optimize the extraction process of flavonoids from Potentilla discolor .METHODS Deep eutectic solvents （DESs） were used as the extraction solvent to prepare test sample solutions. The contents of rutin， quercitrin， and kaempferol were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography. The analytic hierarchy process combined with the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation weighting method was employed to assign comprehensive weights to the contents of the three flavonoids， and calculate the comprehensive score. The optimal DESs were screened based on the comprehensive score.Mean while， using the comprehensive score as the response variable and the liquid-to-solid ratio， ultrasonic time， and urltrasonic temperature as the influencing factors， the extraction technology of flavonoids from P.discolor was optimized by Box-Behnken response surface methodology and subsequently validated.RESULTS The comprehensive weight coefficients of rutin， quercitrin， and kaempferol were 0.646 7， 0.207 5， and 0.145 8， respectively. The optimal DESs were choline chloride-lactic acid （molar ratio 1∶4） with a water content of 40%. The optimal extraction conditions were determined as follows： liquid-to-solid ratio of 25∶1， ultrasonic time of 40 min， and ultrasonic temperature of 50 ℃. The validation results showed that the average comprehensive score of three batches of samples was 99.28， with an RSD of 0.54% （ n ＝3）.CONCLUSIONS The optimal extraction technology of flavonoids from P. discolor based on DESs obtained in this study was stable and feasible.

Objective:To develop the Sense of Gain from Ideological and Political Elements in Nursing Undergraduate Practice Courses Scale and to examine its reliability and validity.Methods:From December 2023 to March 2025, guided by the theoretical framework of ideological and political education gain, and considering the characteristics of nursing practice courses, the scale was preliminarily developed through literature review, focus group interviews, and expert consultations. From April to May 2025, a convenience sample of 368 nursing undergraduate interns from seven affiliated teaching hospitals of Guangzhou Medical University was surveyed to test the psychometric properties of the scale.Results:The finalized scale contained 4 dimensions and 13 items. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the four factors explained 76.359% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated good model fit indices. The scale-level content validity index ( S- CVI) was 0.964, and the item-level content validity index ( I- CVI) ranged from 0.875 to 1.000. The total Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.855, and the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.717. Conclusions:The Sense of Gain from Ideological and Political Elements in Nursing Undergraduate Practice Courses Scale demonstrates good reliability and validity. It can serve as a valid and reliable instrument for nursing educators and administrators to evaluate and monitor the quality of ideological and political education in nursing practice courses.

Purpose To explore the ultrasound characteristics of female breast cancer patients with different molecular types,and improve the diagnostic value of ultrasound.Materials and Methods The ultrasound diagnostic data of breast cancer patients in Xijing Hospital,the Air Force Medical University from January 2021 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and the ultrasound diagnosis of breast cancer patients from the aspects of molecular typing and related human epidermal growth factor receptor-2(HER-2)expression and Ki-67 expression were analyzed.Results A total of 1 405 patients were included in this study,including 240 patients with Luminal A type,631 patients with Luminal B type,162 patients with HER-2+hormone receptor(HR)-type,207 patients with HER-2+HR+type and 165 patients with triple-negative breast cancer.Among the ultrasound characteristics of female breast cancer with different molecular classifications,there were statistical differences in breast imaging reporting and data system classification,edge angulation,spiculation,posterior echo and calcification(χ2=13.652-143.178,all P<0.05).According to the analysis of different degrees of invasion,there were statistical differences in breast imaging reporting and data system classification,edge angulation,spiculation,posterior echo and calcification from the Lumina group(Luminal A,Luminal B)and the aggressive group(HER-2+HR-,HER-2+HR+and triple-negative)(χ2=4.702-17.587,all P<0.05).The HER-2-negative and HER-2-positive groups of patients had significant differences in shape,edge angulation,spiculation and calcification,with statistical differences(χ2=3.947-7.944,all P<0.05).According to the Ki-67 level analysis,it was found that edge angulation,spiculation and posterior echo were influencing factors,with statistical differences(χ2=9.309-56.380,all P<0.05).Conclusion Breast cancer with different molecular expression has its own ultrasound characteristics.Preoperative ultrasound can provide a certain reference basis for the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis assessment of breast cancer.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) viral load for the cervical cancer screening and triage of high-risk HPV positive populations without additional tests.Methods:(1) This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 29 720 women aged 35-64 years who received cervical cancer screening in Quanzhou, China, in 2021. Fourteen high-risk HPV types (including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68) were detected for cervical cancer primary screening using hybrid capture-chemiluminescence method. High-risk HPV positive samples were further subjected to HPV 16/18 genotyping using hybrid capture-chemiluminescence method. Among them, HPV 16/18 positive women were directly referred to colposcopy, while the other 12 high-risk HPV positive samples were further subjected to liquid based cytology test. Those with abnormal or suspicious cytology were referred to colposcopy. Biopsies were taken for histopathological examination of suspicious or abnormal individuals under colposcopy. (2) Ten cases of colposcopy loss or refusal to undergo examination were excluded, and the data from the 29 710 cases were analyzed. The HPV viral loads of the other 12 high-risk HPV positive populations were focused and evaluated their HPV viral loads for further cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱ and above lesions (CINⅡ +) triage in cervical cancer screening. Results:(1) Among 29 720 women, 2 487 women (8.37%, 2 487/29 720) were positive for high-risk HPV, including 807 women (2.72%, 807/29 720) were positive for HPV 16/18 and 1 680 patients (5.65%, 1 680/29 720) were positive for the other 12 high-risk HPV types. Among 1 680 women who tested positive for the other 12 high-risk HPV types, 573 patients were atypical squamous cell carcinoma of unclear significance or above, 346 patients were CIN Ⅰ, 122 patients were CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ, 9 patients were squamous cell carcinoma patients, and 4 patients were adenocarcinoma in situ. The immediate risk of CIN Ⅱ + in HPV 16/18 positive women (11.13%) was approximately four times higher than that of other 12 high-risk HPV positive women (2.74%). (2) Through the viral load analysis of the other 12 high-risk HPV types, we found that the viral load of the other 12 high-risk HPV provide a good value for the pathological results, with a clinical cutoff (CO) value of 11.21 relative light unit/CO (RLU/CO) for the CINⅡ + detection. Except for HPV 16/18 positive patients, when the viral load values of the other 12 high-risk HPV types were greater than 10 RLU/CO, these patients had a higher risk of CINⅡ +, with a positive predictive value of 31.29%. CINⅡ + was not found in any of the other 12 high-risk HPV positive with viral load values less than or equal to 10 RLU/CO. Conclusions:Using hybrid capture-chemiluminescence HPV tests for HPV 16/18 genotyping, combined with the viral loads (>10 RLU/CO) of the other 12 high-risk HPV analysis, one could triage HPV positive population without additional tests. Such triage strategy could promote the coverage of cervical cancer screening, particularly where cytology pathologists or economic resources are limited.

Objective To observe the effect of ultrasound-guided intercostal nerve block(ICNB)on stress response and postoperative pain in patients with transaxillay gasless endoscopic thyroidectomy(TGET).Methods A total of 60 patients who underwent TGET at Ganzhou People's Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were enrolled as subjects,they were divided into ICNB group(n=30)and control group(n=30),by using a random number table method.Intraoperative anesthetic dosage,pain scores within 24 hours postoperatively,levels of prostaglandin E2,norepinephrine,and cortisol,as well as the incidence rates of postoperative adverse reactions including nausea and drowsiness were compared between two groups.Results The dosage of propofol and remifentanil in ICNB group during the operation was lower than that in control group.Prince-Henry score 24h after the operation in ICNB group was lower than that in control group.Levels of prostaglandin E2,norepinephrine and cortisol in ICNB group were all lower than those in control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The incidences of postoperative nausea and drowsiness in ICNB group were lower than those in control group.Conclusion Ultrasound-guided ICNB for TGET can reduce the use of anesthetic drugs during the operation,alleviate patient's stress response and postoperative pain,and lower the incidence of postoperative adverse reactions.

Objective To synthesize qualitative studies on the experiences of postoperative lung cancer patients participating in pulmonary rehabilitation,aiming to comprehensively understand the barriers and facilitators influencing their engagement and to provide evidence-based insights for improving rehabilitation adherence.Methods Qualitative studies were retrieved from databases including Web of Science,PubMed,Cochrane Library,Embase,CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIPand Sinomed,with a search period spanning from database inception to January,2025.The methodological quality of eligible studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for Qualitative Research.Extracted findings were mapped and synthesized using the Theoretical Domains Framework(TDF)and the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behavior mode(COM-B).Results Ultimately,a total of 11 studies were included,yielding 48 findings.Using the Theoretical Domains Framework(TDF)and COM-B model,facilitators and barriers to pulmonary rehabilitation in postoperative lung cancer patients were mapped and consolidated into 14 categories,culminating in 2 synthesized findings.Conclusion Participation in pulmonary rehabilitation among postoperative lung cancer patients is influenced by multiple factors.Clinicians should develop patient-centered pulmonary rehabilitation plans by considering these factors and incorporating patients' attitudes and perspectives.

Objective:To construct an evaluation index system for the effectiveness of ideological and political education in the curriculum of professional master's degree nursing programs, providing an evaluation tool for objectively assessing the teaching quality of ideological and political education in these programs.Methods:The initial draft of the index system was designed based on a review of domestic and international literature. From October 2022 to January 2023, 15 experts were selected using convenience sampling for three rounds of Delphi expert consultation, and the analytic hierarchy process was used to determine the weight of the indicators.Results:The positive response rate from the 15 experts in all three rounds of consultation was 100% (15/15), and the expert authority coefficient was 0.813. The Kendall's coefficient of concordance for the overall indicators in the third round was 0.116 ( P<0.01). The constructed evaluation index system includes 5 first-level indicators (goal and concept, faculty, course resources, teaching implementation, teaching effectiveness), 12 second-level indicators, and 49 third-level indicators. Conclusions:The evaluation index system for the effectiveness of ideological and political education in the curriculum of professional master's degree nursing programs demonstrates good scientific validity and reliability. It can provide objective and quantitative evaluation criteria for the development of ideological and political education in these programs.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical value of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) viral load for the cervical cancer screening and triage of high-risk HPV positive populations without additional tests.Methods:(1) This study conducted a retrospective analysis of 29 720 women aged 35-64 years who received cervical cancer screening in Quanzhou, China, in 2021. Fourteen high-risk HPV types (including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68) were detected for cervical cancer primary screening using hybrid capture-chemiluminescence method. High-risk HPV positive samples were further subjected to HPV 16/18 genotyping using hybrid capture-chemiluminescence method. Among them, HPV 16/18 positive women were directly referred to colposcopy, while the other 12 high-risk HPV positive samples were further subjected to liquid based cytology test. Those with abnormal or suspicious cytology were referred to colposcopy. Biopsies were taken for histopathological examination of suspicious or abnormal individuals under colposcopy. (2) Ten cases of colposcopy loss or refusal to undergo examination were excluded, and the data from the 29 710 cases were analyzed. The HPV viral loads of the other 12 high-risk HPV positive populations were focused and evaluated their HPV viral loads for further cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱ and above lesions (CINⅡ +) triage in cervical cancer screening. Results:(1) Among 29 720 women, 2 487 women (8.37%, 2 487/29 720) were positive for high-risk HPV, including 807 women (2.72%, 807/29 720) were positive for HPV 16/18 and 1 680 patients (5.65%, 1 680/29 720) were positive for the other 12 high-risk HPV types. Among 1 680 women who tested positive for the other 12 high-risk HPV types, 573 patients were atypical squamous cell carcinoma of unclear significance or above, 346 patients were CIN Ⅰ, 122 patients were CIN Ⅱ-Ⅲ, 9 patients were squamous cell carcinoma patients, and 4 patients were adenocarcinoma in situ. The immediate risk of CIN Ⅱ + in HPV 16/18 positive women (11.13%) was approximately four times higher than that of other 12 high-risk HPV positive women (2.74%). (2) Through the viral load analysis of the other 12 high-risk HPV types, we found that the viral load of the other 12 high-risk HPV provide a good value for the pathological results, with a clinical cutoff (CO) value of 11.21 relative light unit/CO (RLU/CO) for the CINⅡ + detection. Except for HPV 16/18 positive patients, when the viral load values of the other 12 high-risk HPV types were greater than 10 RLU/CO, these patients had a higher risk of CINⅡ +, with a positive predictive value of 31.29%. CINⅡ + was not found in any of the other 12 high-risk HPV positive with viral load values less than or equal to 10 RLU/CO. Conclusions:Using hybrid capture-chemiluminescence HPV tests for HPV 16/18 genotyping, combined with the viral loads (>10 RLU/CO) of the other 12 high-risk HPV analysis, one could triage HPV positive population without additional tests. Such triage strategy could promote the coverage of cervical cancer screening, particularly where cytology pathologists or economic resources are limited.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of pediatric, adolescent, and young adult thyroid cancer patients treated from Jan 2012 to Jul 2022.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the pathological and ultrasound features, treatment methods, and survival outcomes of thyroid cancer in three groups: the pediatric group (0-14 years), the adolescent group (15-19 years), and the young adult group (20-39 years).Results:The number of pediatric and adolescent patients showed a relatively stable growth trend, while the proportion of microcarcinomas was significantly higher in the young adult group. Significant differences were observed among the groups in T stage, N stage, M stage, extrathyroidal extension, local invasion, lymph node metastasis, number of metastatic lymph nodes, and tumor hypoechogenicity (all P<0.05). Preoperative thyroid function tests revealed differences in free triiodothyronine (FT3), triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroglobulin (Tg) levels (all P<0.05). All patients underwent thyroidectomy or lobectomy, with significant differences in contralateral neck lymph node dissection rates ( χ2=30.089, P<0.001). Postoperative lymphatic leakage incidence varied ( χ2=8.376, P=0.015), and the proportion of patients receiving postoperative 131I therapy differed significantly ( P<0.001). Significant differences were observed in postoperative recurrence and secondary surgery rates. Multivariate analysis identified FT3, T3, and pathological type as risk factors for recurrence. The three groups showed significant differences in postoperative calcium supplementation upon discharge, with insufficient attention given to bone health and cardiovascular risks. Conclusion:Pediatric, adolescent, and young adult thyroid cancer patients exhibit differences in incidence and pathological characteristics, but no significant difference was found in overall survival.