BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND:Low temperatures have detrimental effects on the human cardiovascular system,with a higher prevalence of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases,especially among people living in cold climates.Transient receptor potential M8(TRPM8)is often recognized as a physiological sensor of environmental cold,and glutamate receptor-3(GLR-3)/glutamate receptor ionotropic,kainate 2(GluK2)is also cold-sensitive.However,the specific molecular mechanisms of cold-associated TRPM8 and GLR-3/GluK2 in regulating hypertension remain puzzling.OBJECTIVE:Through a review of the literature in this field,to find out the general pattern of TRPM8 and GLR-3/GluK2 in regulating the body's cold response,as well as the specific mechanism of action in hypertension,thereby providing a theoretical basis for subsequent research on the treatment of hypertension based on cold-stimulation-related targets,and further expanding the new ideas and methods for the treatment of hypertension.METHODS:We searched,reviewed and screened the relevant literature on"cold stimulation,TRPM8,GLR-3/GluK2 and hypertension"to lay the theoretical foundation for the analysis of the whole article.Comparative analysis method,through reading and analyzing the obtained literature,comparing the similarities and differences between the literature,was performed to provide reasonable theoretical support for the argument.Through further comparative analysis of the literature,the relationship between the relevant indicators was clarified,and the ideas were clarified for the analysis of the full text.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)TRPM8 can be activated by cold and mainly mediates cool temperature perception in mammals.Its activation can trigger neurogenic inflammatory response and indirectly affect the inflammatory process.Abnormal TRPM8 signal can lead to excessive activation of immune cells,which is significantly associated with the occurrence and development of hypertension.(2)The activation threshold of GLR-3/GluK2 is lower than that of TRPM8,which may preferentially respond to noxious cold stimulation rather than ordinary cool temperature.In cold environment,GLR-3/GluK2 activation enhances sympathetic nerve excitability by regulating interneuron signal transduction and causes peripheral vascular constriction.Long-term effects can lead to increased peripheral vascular resistance.To conclude,TRPM8 and GLR-3/GluK2 are involved in the interaction of the nerve-immune-vascular system by sensing different cold stimuli.Abnormal TRPM8 signaling indirectly promotes the progression of hypertension through inflammation and immune dysregulation,while GLR-3/GluK2 directly exacerbates vascular constriction and resistance by enhancing sympathetic nerve activity.The combination of the two factors may constitute the key molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of hypertension in cold environment,and provide a potential target for the intervention of cold-related cardiovascular diseases.

BACKGROUND:In previous studies,glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by a double sintering method to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials that can maintain high transparency and high flexural strength.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials.METHODS:(1)Glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by double sintering to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia(or 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,3Y-TZP transparent zirconia)was placed in DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum for 12,24 and 72 hours,and the surface area ratio of culture medium to sample was 3 mL/cm2,and the 12-,24-and 72-hour material extracts were obtained.(2)After culturing mouse fibroblast L929 for 24 hours,the original culture medium was discarded and divided into 7 groups for culture:the control group was replaced with DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum by volume,and the other 6 groups were replaced with 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,72-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.After 1,3,and 5 days of culture,cell growth was observed under a microscope,and the cell proliferation rate was obtained by CCK-8 assay to determine cytotoxicity.(3)Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 12-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under the microscope,it could be seen that the number of cells in each group increased with the extension of culture time,and the cell morphology of each experimental group was basically the same as that of the control group.The cytotoxicity grade of the 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia group on the first day of culture was grade 0,and the cytotoxicity grade of the other experimental groups at each time period was grade 1.(2)Neither the material nor the material extract caused obvious hemolytic reaction,and the hemolytic rate was less than 5％.(3)The results showed that 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia had no significant effect on the growth and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts L929,and did not cause hemolytic reaction with human blood,and had good in vitro biocompatibility.

BACKGROUND:Pearl powder is rich in many active ingredients,which can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts,thus promoting wound healing and skin tissue regeneration.However,the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929 has not been reported.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix on the proliferation,migration and apoptosis of mouse fibroblasts L929.METHODS:Passage 6 L929 cells were divided into five groups.The negative control group did not add any material;the positive control group added PBS,and the low,medium and high mass concentration groups of water-soluble matrix were added with 10,25 and 40 μg/mL of nano-pearl powder water-soluble matrix,respectively.The proliferation of L929 cells was detected by MTT assay.The migration ability of L929 cells was detected by Transwell.The apoptosis rate of L929 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,Bcl-2,and Caspase-1 were detected by western blot assay.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The results of MTT assay and Transwell chamber experiment showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could promote the proliferation and migration of L929 cells,and it was concentration dependent.(2)Flow cytometry and western blot assay results showed that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could reduce the apoptosis rate of L929 cells and the protein expression of Bax and Caspase-1,and increase the expression of Bcl-2 protein,and it was concentration dependent.(3)These findings exhibited that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder could inhibit cell apoptosis under high mass concentration treatment.The results show that the water-soluble matrix of nano-pearl powder can promote the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and inhibit the apoptosis of fibroblasts.

BACKGROUND:Low temperatures have detrimental effects on the human cardiovascular system,with a higher prevalence of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases,especially among people living in cold climates.Transient receptor potential M8(TRPM8)is often recognized as a physiological sensor of environmental cold,and glutamate receptor-3(GLR-3)/glutamate receptor ionotropic,kainate 2(GluK2)is also cold-sensitive.However,the specific molecular mechanisms of cold-associated TRPM8 and GLR-3/GluK2 in regulating hypertension remain puzzling.OBJECTIVE:Through a review of the literature in this field,to find out the general pattern of TRPM8 and GLR-3/GluK2 in regulating the body's cold response,as well as the specific mechanism of action in hypertension,thereby providing a theoretical basis for subsequent research on the treatment of hypertension based on cold-stimulation-related targets,and further expanding the new ideas and methods for the treatment of hypertension.METHODS:We searched,reviewed and screened the relevant literature on"cold stimulation,TRPM8,GLR-3/GluK2 and hypertension"to lay the theoretical foundation for the analysis of the whole article.Comparative analysis method,through reading and analyzing the obtained literature,comparing the similarities and differences between the literature,was performed to provide reasonable theoretical support for the argument.Through further comparative analysis of the literature,the relationship between the relevant indicators was clarified,and the ideas were clarified for the analysis of the full text.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)TRPM8 can be activated by cold and mainly mediates cool temperature perception in mammals.Its activation can trigger neurogenic inflammatory response and indirectly affect the inflammatory process.Abnormal TRPM8 signal can lead to excessive activation of immune cells,which is significantly associated with the occurrence and development of hypertension.(2)The activation threshold of GLR-3/GluK2 is lower than that of TRPM8,which may preferentially respond to noxious cold stimulation rather than ordinary cool temperature.In cold environment,GLR-3/GluK2 activation enhances sympathetic nerve excitability by regulating interneuron signal transduction and causes peripheral vascular constriction.Long-term effects can lead to increased peripheral vascular resistance.To conclude,TRPM8 and GLR-3/GluK2 are involved in the interaction of the nerve-immune-vascular system by sensing different cold stimuli.Abnormal TRPM8 signaling indirectly promotes the progression of hypertension through inflammation and immune dysregulation,while GLR-3/GluK2 directly exacerbates vascular constriction and resistance by enhancing sympathetic nerve activity.The combination of the two factors may constitute the key molecular mechanism of the occurrence and development of hypertension in cold environment,and provide a potential target for the intervention of cold-related cardiovascular diseases.

BACKGROUND:In previous studies,glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by a double sintering method to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials that can maintain high transparency and high flexural strength.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia materials.METHODS:(1)Glass materials were infiltrated into 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia by double sintering to prepare 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia(or 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,3Y-TZP transparent zirconia)was placed in DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum for 12,24 and 72 hours,and the surface area ratio of culture medium to sample was 3 mL/cm2,and the 12-,24-and 72-hour material extracts were obtained.(2)After culturing mouse fibroblast L929 for 24 hours,the original culture medium was discarded and divided into 7 groups for culture:the control group was replaced with DMEM culture medium containing 10％fetal bovine serum by volume,and the other 6 groups were replaced with 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,24-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,72-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 72-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia.After 1,3,and 5 days of culture,cell growth was observed under a microscope,and the cell proliferation rate was obtained by CCK-8 assay to determine cytotoxicity.(3)Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.Human anticoagulated blood was mixed with 12-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia,12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ ultra-translucent zirconia,and 12-hour extract of 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia,and the hemolysis rate was detected after 0.5 hours.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Under the microscope,it could be seen that the number of cells in each group increased with the extension of culture time,and the cell morphology of each experimental group was basically the same as that of the control group.The cytotoxicity grade of the 24-hour extract of 3Y-TZP transparent zirconia group on the first day of culture was grade 0,and the cytotoxicity grade of the other experimental groups at each time period was grade 1.(2)Neither the material nor the material extract caused obvious hemolytic reaction,and the hemolytic rate was less than 5％.(3)The results showed that 5Y-PSZ-YGI graded glass infiltrated ultra-translucent zirconia had no significant effect on the growth and proliferation of mouse fibroblasts L929,and did not cause hemolytic reaction with human blood,and had good in vitro biocompatibility.

Objective: To evaluate the intervention effect of school based salt reduction health education, so as to provide a scientific basis for constructing a more effective and sustainable salt reduction intervention model for children. Methods: According to a randomized controlled trial design, in June 2022, probability proportional to size sampling was used to select 501 second grade students (248 in the control group and 253 in the intervention group) from 10 primary schools in Zhenjiang (intervention group) and 10 primary schools in Yangzhou (control group), Jiangsu Province. An one year school based salt reduction health education intervention was implemented. This included 20 online and 8 offline health education sessions, monitoring of salt consumption in the canteen, and the establishment of a salt reduction environment on campus. The control group received no additional salt reduction interventions. A questionnaire survey and 24 hour urinary sodium test were conducted before and after the intervention. The difference in differences method was used to evaluate the intervention effect. Results: After the intervention, the intervention group showed significant net intervention effects in knowledge aspects, including knowing that primary school students consume less salt than adults ( OR=3.55,95%CI =1.69-7.47), daily salt intake of primary school students ( OR=6.64,95%CI =3.71-11.87), long term high salt intake leading to hypertension ( OR=6.83,95%CI =3.93-11.91), low salt intake not causing hair graying ( OR= 1.66 ,95%CI =1.00-2.75), salt content in food labels ( OR=4.56,95%CI =2.63-7.91), and common high salt foods ( OR=3.39,95%CI =1.87-6.14) (all P <0.05). In terms of attitude, the net intervention effect for having a positive attitude toward using less salt in home cooking was significantly increased ( OR=1.88,95%CI =1.13-3.12, P <0.05). There were no statistically significant net intervention effects for salt reduction related behaviors (all P >0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the changes of 24 hour urinary sodium between the intervention group and the control group before and after intervention ( P >0.05). Conclusions School based salt reduction health education effectively improves students salt reduction knowledge and attitudes but has a limited effect on behavior change. The home-school collaboration should be strengthened, and the dietary environment should be optimized simultaneously.

This paper summarizes Professor WANG Xixing's clinical experience in treating immune checkpoint inhibitor-related pneumonitis （CIP） based on the theory of "cough attributed to the five zang （脏） organs". Cough is a common predominant symptom of CIP. According to the theory of "cough attributed to the five zang organs"， drug toxicity triggers cancer toxin， leading to disharmony among the five zang organs， and then lung failing to diffuse and govern descent as the core pathogenesis. Therefore， treatment should focus on harmonizing the five zang organs to restore the normal function of lung qi to diffuse and govern descent. In clinical practice， CIP can be classified into four syndrome patterns， including lung yin depletion， deficiency of both the lung and the spleen with phlegm-dampness， liver fire harassing the lung， and lung-kidney yin deficiency. Correspondingly， Chaimai Jinluo Runfei Decoction （柴麦金络润肺汤） is used to nourish yin and moisten the lung； Qigui Peitu Huayin Decoction （芪桂培土化饮汤） is used to fortify the spleen and tonify the lung， resolve dampness and dispel phlegm； Chaidan Shuyu Runjin Decoction （柴丹疏郁润金汤） is used to drain liver and clear the lung； and Dimai Jinshui Xiangsheng Decoction （地脉金水相生汤） is used to nourish the kidney and moisten the lung.

ObjectiveTo compare the clinical efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） manipulative reduction combined with small splint fixation versus surgical treatment for type A distal radius fracture （DRF） and to explore the factors influencing the choice of treatment. MethodsA multi-center retrospective study was conducted， collecting data from 1237 type A DRF patients treated in 11 hospitals in Jiangsu province from September， 2023 to April， 2025. Among them， 851 patients in the TCM group received manipulative reduction combined with small splint fixation， and 386 patients in the surgical group underwent open reduction and internal fixation. Visual analog scale （VAS） scores for pain and radiographic indicators including palmar tilt， ulnar deviation， and radial height were compared before treatment， 5-7 days after treatment， and 4-6 weeks after treatment. The wrist joint function scores including Dienst and Gartland-Werley scores at 12 weeks after treatment were recorded. Subgroup analysis was conducted for the excellent rate of Dienst and Gartland-Werley scores， stratified by age （＜50， 50-59， 60-69， ≥70 years old） and AO subtypes （A1， A2， A3）. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify independent factors influencing treatment choice. ResultsOn 5-7 days after treatment， the surgical group had lower VAS scores than the TCM group， while 4-6 weeks after treatment， the TCM group showed lower VAS scores than the surgical group （P＜0.01）. In terms of radiographic indicators， except for the palmar tilt before treatment being higher in the surgical group than in the TCM group （P＜0.01）， there were no significant differences in palmar tilt， ulnar deviation， and radial height at other timepoints （P＞0.05）. Twelve weeks after treatment， the surgical group had a higher average Gartland-Werley score and the excellent rate than the TCM group （P＜0.01）. Subgroup analysis showed that in patients with A2 type DRF aged 50-59 and 60-69 years old， the excellent rates of Dienst and Gartland-Werley scores in the TCM group were higher than those in the surgical group （P＜0.05）. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that age， palmar tilt， ulnar deviation， and the degree of swelling on the affected side were independent factors influencing the choice of treatment （P＜0.05）. ConclusionBoth TCM manipulative reduction combined with small splint fixation and surgical treatment for type A DRF can achieve good therapeutic effects. TCM manipulative reduction combined with small splint fixation has certain advantages in medium- and long-term pain relief， especially in elderly patients， where wrist joint function recovery is more stable. Age， palmar tilt， ulnar deviation， and swelling degree are the main factors influencing the treatment choice.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy and radiographic outcomes of manipulative reduction combined with small splint fixation in the treatment of distal radius fractures. MethodsThe clinical data of 1051 patients with distal radius fractures were retrospectively collected from five hospitals included in the Jiangsu Diagnosis and Treatment Data Platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM） Dominant Diseases. Propensity score matching at a 1∶4 ratio was applied， resulting in 580 cases selected for final analysis， which comprised 448 patients in the TCM group（manipulative reduction plus small splint fixation） and 132 in the surgical treatment group（open reduction and internal fixation）. Each group was further stratified into type A， B， and C subgroups based on AO fracture classification. Radiographic indicators including palmar tilt， radial inclination， and radial height were compared between groups before treatment and 1 day， 1 week， and 4-6 weeks after treatment， and pain visual analog scale（VAS） scores before treatment and 1 week and 4-6 weeks after treatment were also compared. Wrist joint function was assessed 12 weeks after treatment， using the Dienst wrist function score and the Gartland and Werley（G-W） wrist function score. Additionally， the radiographic indicators at different timepoints and the 12-week wrist function levels were compared between groups across different fracture types. ResultsNo statistically significant difference was observed in radiographic indicators and VAS scores at all timepoints before and after treatment， as well as wrist joint function grades assessed by the Dienst score and the G-W score at 12 weeks after treatment （P＞0.05）. Compared to those before treatment， both groups showed increased palmar tilt， radial inclination， and radial height 1 week and 4-6 weeks after treatment， and decreased VAS scores （P＜0.05）. Compared to those 1 week after treatment， both groups showed a decrease in palmar tilt， an increase in radial inclination and radial height， and a reduction in VAS score 4-6 weeks after treatment（P＜0.05）. In type A and B subgroups， the surgical treatment group had a higher radial inclination than the TCM group 4-6 weeks after treatment， while in the type C subgroup， a higher radial height was shown in the surgical treatment group than in the TCM group 4-6 weeks after treatment（P＜0.05）. In type C subgroup， there was significant difference between groups in the wrist joint function by G-W scores 12 weeks after treatment（P＜0.05）. ConclusionManipulative reduction combined with small splint fixation can maintain fracture alignment and alleviate pain in treating distal radius fractures， which achieves therapeutic outcomes comparable to surgical treatment. It is particularly suitable for type A and B fractures and can be considered an effective treatment option for distal radius fractures.