Objective: To investigate the status of condom use and its influencing factors among men who have sex with men (MSM), so as to provide a basis for improving condom utilization rates and AIDS prevention and control in this population. Methods: From May to October 2024, a snowball sampling method was employed to recruit MSM in Songjiang District, Shanghai Municipality. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data on demographic characteristics, AIDS-related knowledge, sexual behaviors, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and condom use in the past six months. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for consistent condom use. Results: A total of 921 MSM were surveyed, with a median age of 29.00 (interquartile range, 9.00) years. Among them, 697 (75.68%) were aware of AIDS-related knowledge, 826 (89.69%) expressed willingness to use PrEP, and 835 (90.66%) were willing to use PEP. Additionally, 787 (85.45%) MSM reported their age at first homosexual intercourse as ≥18 years, while 519 (56.35%) reported consistent condom use in the past six months. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that MSM who were aware of AIDS-related knowledge (OR=0.582, 95% CI: 0.423-0.801), willing to use PrEP (OR =0.611, 95% CI: 0.385-0.969), and whose age at first homosexual intercourse was <18 years (OR=0.480, 95% CI: 0.330-0.700) were less likely to consistent use condoms. Conclusion The proportion of consistent condom use among the MSM remains relatively low, which is primarily associated with AIDS-related knowledge, willingness to use PrEP, and the age at first homosexual intercourse.

Objective To establish a risk prediction model for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in acute cerebral infarction (ACI) based on multimodal computed tomography (CT) parameters. Methods A total of 220 ACI patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy at The People’s Hospital of Bozhou between January 2022 and June 2025 were enrolled. All patients underwent preoperative conventional non-contrast CT, CT perfusion imaging, and multiphase CT angiography. Based on the presence or absence of cerebral edema at 72 hours postoperatively, patients were divided into cerebral edema and non-cerebral edema groups. General data and multimodal CT parameters were compared between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative cerebral edema. A nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the multivariable analysis results, and the efficacy of the model was validated. Results The incidence of postoperative cerebral edema was 23.64% (52/220). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that time from onset to recanalization (OR=1.081, 95%CI=1.017-1.149), cerebral blood flow (OR=0.903, 95%CI=0.828-0.984), time to peak (OR=1.171, 95%CI=1.041-1.317), mean transit time (OR=2.815, 95%CI=1.823-6.178), and collateral circulation score (OR=0.960, 95%CI=0.930-0.990) were influencing factors for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in ACI patients (P<0.05). A nomogram model was constructed based on these factors. The calibration curve indicated good model fit, and the decision curve demonstrated net benefit. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with ACI was 0.961, with a sensitivity of 88.46% and a specificity of 91.07%. The Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed good model fit (χ²=1.766, P=0.962). Conclusion A risk prediction model for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in ACI patients was constructed using multimodal CT parameters. The model demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To establish a risk prediction model for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in acute cerebral infarction (ACI) based on multimodal computed tomography (CT) parameters. Methods A total of 220 ACI patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy at The People’s Hospital of Bozhou between January 2022 and June 2025 were enrolled. All patients underwent preoperative conventional non-contrast CT, CT perfusion imaging, and multiphase CT angiography. Based on the presence or absence of cerebral edema at 72 hours postoperatively, patients were divided into cerebral edema and non-cerebral edema groups. General data and multimodal CT parameters were compared between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative cerebral edema. A nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the multivariable analysis results, and the efficacy of the model was validated. Results The incidence of postoperative cerebral edema was 23.64% (52/220). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that time from onset to recanalization (OR=1.081, 95%CI=1.017-1.149), cerebral blood flow (OR=0.903, 95%CI=0.828-0.984), time to peak (OR=1.171, 95%CI=1.041-1.317), mean transit time (OR=2.815, 95%CI=1.823-6.178), and collateral circulation score (OR=0.960, 95%CI=0.930-0.990) were influencing factors for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in ACI patients (P<0.05). A nomogram model was constructed based on these factors. The calibration curve indicated good model fit, and the decision curve demonstrated net benefit. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with ACI was 0.961, with a sensitivity of 88.46% and a specificity of 91.07%. The Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed good model fit (χ²=1.766, P=0.962). Conclusion A risk prediction model for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in ACI patients was constructed using multimodal CT parameters. The model demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity.

Objective To establish a risk prediction model for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in acute cerebral infarction (ACI) based on multimodal computed tomography (CT) parameters. Methods A total of 220 ACI patients who underwent mechanical thrombectomy at The People’s Hospital of Bozhou between January 2022 and June 2025 were enrolled. All patients underwent preoperative conventional non-contrast CT, CT perfusion imaging, and multiphase CT angiography. Based on the presence or absence of cerebral edema at 72 hours postoperatively, patients were divided into cerebral edema and non-cerebral edema groups. General data and multimodal CT parameters were compared between the two groups. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative cerebral edema. A nomogram prediction model was constructed based on the multivariable analysis results, and the efficacy of the model was validated. Results The incidence of postoperative cerebral edema was 23.64% (52/220). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that time from onset to recanalization (OR=1.081, 95%CI=1.017-1.149), cerebral blood flow (OR=0.903, 95%CI=0.828-0.984), time to peak (OR=1.171, 95%CI=1.041-1.317), mean transit time (OR=2.815, 95%CI=1.823-6.178), and collateral circulation score (OR=0.960, 95%CI=0.930-0.990) were influencing factors for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in ACI patients (P<0.05). A nomogram model was constructed based on these factors. The calibration curve indicated good model fit, and the decision curve demonstrated net benefit. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in patients with ACI was 0.961, with a sensitivity of 88.46% and a specificity of 91.07%. The Hosmer–Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test showed good model fit (χ²=1.766, P=0.962). Conclusion A risk prediction model for cerebral edema after mechanical thrombectomy in ACI patients was constructed using multimodal CT parameters. The model demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of new nasopharyngeal airway and laryngeal mask airway for airway management in the patients undergoing non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS).Methods:In this randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial, 60 American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification I or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 18-79 yr, scheduled for elective NIVATS from December 2021 to December 2023 at Jining No.1 People′s Hospital, were divided into 2 groups ( n=30 each) using a computer-generated random code in a 1∶1 ratio: new type nasopharyngeal airway group (group N) and laryngeal mask airway group (group L). After anesthesia induction, a new nasopharyngeal airway was inserted in group N, and a laryngeal mask airway was inserted in group L. Spontaneous ventilation was maintained during the NIVATS. Ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block was performed on the affected side before anesthesia induction. Anesthesia was maintained with propofol and remifentanil. The primary outcome measure was the rate of intraoperative airway intervention, the airway interventions included repositioning of the airway tools, manual assisted ventilation, jaw-thrust maneuver, and conversion to endotracheal intubation. The secondary outcome measures included the first-attempt success rate of airway device placement, time for establishing a patent airway, the minimum value of SpO 2, the maximum value of P ETCO 2, and incidence of complications such as postoperative sore throat. Results:The rate of intraoperative airway intervention was 27% in group L and 47% in group N ( χ2=2.58, P=0.108). The difference in the rate of intraoperative airway intervention between the two groups was 0.20 (95% confidence interval 0.15-0.25), with a 95% confidence interval upper limit higher than the non-inferiority boundary (10%), indicating that this non-inferiority hypothesis was not established. In comparison to group L, the rate of intraoperative jaw-thrust maneuver intervention was significantly increased, the time to establish a patent airway was shortened, and the incidence of postoperative sore throat was decreased in group N ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the laryngeal mask airway, the new nasopharyngeal airway can reduce the development of postoperative throat pain, however, it is less effective in maintaining a patent airway. It requires careful consideration of risks and benefits when used for NIVATS.

Intestinal radiosensitivity makes radiation-induced intestinal injury (RIII) as a common complication among individuals exposed to accidental radiation and patients with abdominal or pelvic malignancies receiving radiotherapy. At present, there are no effective measures for the prevention and treatment of RIII. Developing novel prevention and treatment strategies is of great significance for improving the prognosis and quality of life for both individuals exposed to accidental radiation and cancer patients. Lactobacillus, a Gram-positive bacterium, is widely observed in humans and animals. It exhibits notable probiotic functions, including maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis, preserving intestinal barrier, and modulating immune responses. Substantial studies have demonstrated that Lactobacillus has remarkable protective and therapeutic effects against radiation-induced injury, specifically significantly alleviating RIII. These probiotic functions of Lactobacillus make it have high priority to become the chassis of genetically engineered strains. However, multiple factors influence the construction of a genetically engineered strain, limiting the application of Lactobacillus as a chassis. This review focuses on the probiotic functions of Lactobacillus, highlighting advances in research on Lactobacillus and its engineered probiotics in radiation protection and treatment. Furthermore, it summarizes key factors influencing the construction of genetically engineered strains based on the Lactobacillus chassis. It aims to provide insights for developing genetically engineered strains with radioprotective and therapeutic effects using Lactobacillus as the chassis.

Health behavior motivation significantly affects the quality of life of patients with cardiovascular diseases.Assessing the level of health behavior motivation can measure the health behavior of individuals,help to promote the participation rate of cardiac rehabilitation,reduce the readmission rate of patients,and promote patients'healthy lifestyles.This article reviews the content,characteristics and application of assessment tools for health behavior motivation of patients with cardiovascular diseases at home and abroad,with the aim of providing references for the development and application of such tools in China,and offering a basis for scientifically assessing their health behavior motivation level and formulating effective strategies to promote health behavior motivation.

The number of patients with chronic diseases in China has been increasing year by year,followed by the increase of treatment burden.It is particularly important to effectively evaluate the treatment burden of patients with chronic diseases.This paper reviews the main contents,application scope,advantages and disadvantages of the assessment tools for the treatment burden of patients with chronic diseases at home and abroad,so as to provide references and basis for medical staff to reasonably select assessment tools and conduct relevant clinical research.

Objective:To investigate the association between homocysteine (Hcy) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), as well as its impact on clinical pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET). Methods:This retrospective cohort study collected clinical data from patients undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET at the Reproductive Health Hospital of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between December 2020 and March 2024. Patients were divided into no history of pregnancy loss group (named control group, n=1 027) and RPL group ( n=743) based on history of pregnancy loss. Peripheral blood Hcy levels were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to adjust for confounding factors and determine whether Hcy is an independent risk factor for RPL. RPL patients were divided into four subgroups based on Hcy quartiles, named Q1 subgroup (Hcy<7.03 μmol/L), Q2 subgroup (7.03 μmol/L≤Hcy<8.63 μmol/L), Q3 subgroup (8.63 μmol/L≤Hcy<10.44 μmol/L), and Q4 subgroup (Hcy≥10.44 μmol/L), to further analyze the impact of Hcy level on pregnancy outcomes after IVF/ICSI-ET in these patients. Results:1) Baseline characteristics between control and RPL groups: statistically significant differences were observed in female age, male age, female body mass index (BMI), duration of infertility, cause of infertility, and peripheral blood Hcy levels (all P<0.05). 2) After adjusting for female age, male age, female BMI, duration of infertility, and cause of infertility via multivariate logistic regression, elevated Hcy levels was identified as an independent risk factor for RPL (a OR=1.366, 95% CI: 1.298-1.438, P<0.001). 3) Baseline characteristics of the four RPL subgroups: antral follicle count (AFC) differed significantly among Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 subgroups [17.00 (11.00, 24.00), 15.00 (10.00, 24.00), 14.00 (7.00, 22.25), 15.50 (8.00, 22.00), P=0.043]. No statistically significant differences were observed in other baseline characteristics (all P>0.05). 4) Pregnancy outcomes across the four RPL subgroups: miscarriage rates in the Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 subgroups were 18.18% (18/99), 30.61% (30/98), 33.70% (31/92), and 35.96% (32/89), respectively, live birth rates were 44.26% (81/183), 36.17% (68/188), 32.80% (61/186), and 30.65% (57/186), respectively. Intergroup differences in miscarriage rate and live birth rate were statistically significant ( P=0.033, P=0.036). Specifically, miscarriage rate in the Q3 and Q4 subgroups, and live birth rate in the Q4 subgroup were significantly higher than those in the Q1 subgroup (all q<0.05). However, no significant differences were observed in clinical pregnancy rate or early miscarriage rate among the four groups (all P>0.05). After adjusting for confounding factors using multivariate logistic regression, taking the Q1 subgroup as the control, there were no statistically significant differences in the clinical pregnancy rate between the remaining groups and the Q1 subgroup (all P>0.05). The early miscarriage rate in the Q3 subgroup (a OR=2.184, 95% CI: 1.077-4.426, P=0.030) and the early miscarriage rate in the Q4 subgroup (a OR=2.290, 95% CI: 1.116-4.697, P=0.024) were significantly higher than those in the Q1 subgroup; the miscarriage rate in the Q3 subgroup (a OR=2.207, 95% CI: 1.125-4.330, P=0.021) and the miscarriage rate in the Q4 subgroup (a OR=2.377, 95% CI: 1.209-4.674, P=0.012) were significantly higher than those in the Q1 subgroup; the live birth rate in the Q3 subgroup (a OR=0.615, 95% CI: 0.401-0.944, P=0.026) and the live birth rate in the Q4 subgroup (a OR=0.560, 95% CI: 0.364-0.863, P=0.009) were significantly lower than those in the Q1 subgroup. Conclusion:Elevated Hcy is a high-risk factor for RPL in IVF/ICSI-ET patients and may adversely affect pregnancy outcomes.

Objective:To compare the efficacy of new nasopharyngeal airway and laryngeal mask airway for airway management in the patients undergoing non-intubated video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NIVATS).Methods:In this randomised, controlled, non-inferiority trial, 60 American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status classification I or Ⅱ patients of both sexes, aged 18-79 yr, scheduled for elective NIVATS from December 2021 to December 2023 at Jining No.1 People′s Hospital, were divided into 2 groups ( n=30 each) using a computer-generated random code in a 1∶1 ratio: new type nasopharyngeal airway group (group N) and laryngeal mask airway group (group L). After anesthesia induction, a new nasopharyngeal airway was inserted in group N, and a laryngeal mask airway was inserted in group L. Spontaneous ventilation was maintained during the NIVATS. Ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block was performed on the affected side before anesthesia induction. Anesthesia was maintained with propofol and remifentanil. The primary outcome measure was the rate of intraoperative airway intervention, the airway interventions included repositioning of the airway tools, manual assisted ventilation, jaw-thrust maneuver, and conversion to endotracheal intubation. The secondary outcome measures included the first-attempt success rate of airway device placement, time for establishing a patent airway, the minimum value of SpO 2, the maximum value of P ETCO 2, and incidence of complications such as postoperative sore throat. Results:The rate of intraoperative airway intervention was 27% in group L and 47% in group N ( χ2=2.58, P=0.108). The difference in the rate of intraoperative airway intervention between the two groups was 0.20 (95% confidence interval 0.15-0.25), with a 95% confidence interval upper limit higher than the non-inferiority boundary (10%), indicating that this non-inferiority hypothesis was not established. In comparison to group L, the rate of intraoperative jaw-thrust maneuver intervention was significantly increased, the time to establish a patent airway was shortened, and the incidence of postoperative sore throat was decreased in group N ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with the laryngeal mask airway, the new nasopharyngeal airway can reduce the development of postoperative throat pain, however, it is less effective in maintaining a patent airway. It requires careful consideration of risks and benefits when used for NIVATS.