Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of injectable plateletrich fibrin(i-PRF)as a scaffold for pulp regeneration surgery in young permanent teeth with pulp necrosis.Methods Sixty young children with permanent tooth pulp necrosis who underwent pulp regeneration surgery in the Department of Stomatology of our hospital from March 2021 to October 2022 were included.The differ-entiation between the i-PRF group(33 cases)and the blood clot group(27 cases)was based on the different scaffold materials used dur-ing the treatment process.Follow up for 1 year,cone beam CT(CBCT)was used to measure the apical foramen diameter,dentin wall thickness,root length,root canal area,and root area of the affected tooth before treatment,at 3,6,9 and 12 months of treatment.The increase in root length,increase in dentin wall thickness,decrease in apical foramen diameter,increase in root area,decrease in root canal area,and clinical data between the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared.The tooth color,pulp vitali-ty,and tooth eruption height of two groups of patients were recorded before and after treatment.Results At 9 and 12 months post sur-gery follow-up,the root length,dentin wall thickness,and root area of the i-PRF group were higher than those of the blood clot group(P＜0.05).According to the results of the last follow-up,it was calculated that the increase in root length,dentin wall thickness,and root area in the i-PRF group were higher than those in the blood clot group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the changes in tooth color,positive pulp vitality,and eruption height between the two groups of patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion The use of blood clots and i-PRF as scaffolds for pulp regeneration in the treatment of young permanent tooth pulp necrosis has been proven to be effective,but the use of i-PRF as a scaffold is more effective in promoting root growth and increasing dentin wall thickness.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of injectable plateletrich fibrin(i-PRF)as a scaffold for pulp regeneration surgery in young permanent teeth with pulp necrosis.Methods Sixty young children with permanent tooth pulp necrosis who underwent pulp regeneration surgery in the Department of Stomatology of our hospital from March 2021 to October 2022 were included.The differ-entiation between the i-PRF group(33 cases)and the blood clot group(27 cases)was based on the different scaffold materials used dur-ing the treatment process.Follow up for 1 year,cone beam CT(CBCT)was used to measure the apical foramen diameter,dentin wall thickness,root length,root canal area,and root area of the affected tooth before treatment,at 3,6,9 and 12 months of treatment.The increase in root length,increase in dentin wall thickness,decrease in apical foramen diameter,increase in root area,decrease in root canal area,and clinical data between the two groups of patients before and after treatment were compared.The tooth color,pulp vitali-ty,and tooth eruption height of two groups of patients were recorded before and after treatment.Results At 9 and 12 months post sur-gery follow-up,the root length,dentin wall thickness,and root area of the i-PRF group were higher than those of the blood clot group(P＜0.05).According to the results of the last follow-up,it was calculated that the increase in root length,dentin wall thickness,and root area in the i-PRF group were higher than those in the blood clot group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the changes in tooth color,positive pulp vitality,and eruption height between the two groups of patients(P＞0.05).Conclusion The use of blood clots and i-PRF as scaffolds for pulp regeneration in the treatment of young permanent tooth pulp necrosis has been proven to be effective,but the use of i-PRF as a scaffold is more effective in promoting root growth and increasing dentin wall thickness.

Objective To investigate the potential caries prevention mechanism of the Xinjiang Mori cortex and to analyze its effect on the main cariogenic bacteria.Methods The active components of the Xinjiang Mori cortex and the main targets were predicted and screened using the TCMSP database.The GeneCards,DisGENET and TTD databas-es were used to obtain caries-related targets.The common targets were derived,and core genes were screened.The en-richment analysis was performed using the DAVID data platform.Molecular docking was performed using AutoDock software.In in vitro antibacterial experiments,first,the 50％minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC50)and the mini-mum bactericidal concentration(MBC)of the Xinjiang Mori Cortex extract against Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus sanguis and Actinomyces viscosus were determined and the growth curves were measured.The effects of the Xinjiang Mo-ri Cortex extract on acid production,polysaccharide production and adhesion ability of Streptococcus mutans,Streptococ-cus sanguis and Actinomyces viscosus in the planktonic state were determined.The 50％minimum biofilm inhibition con-centration(MBIC 50)and 50％minimum biofilm reduction concentration(MBRC50)were determined by crystal violet stain-ing,and biofilm morphology was visualized using scanning electron microscopy(SEM).Results The main active com-ponents of the Xinjiang Mori cortex included quercetin,kaempferol,and β-sitosterol.Tumor necrosis factor(TNF),inter-leukin-6(IL-6),and interleukin-1 beta(IL-1β)could be the most important targets of the Xinjiang Mori cortex for the prevention of dental caries.The enrichment analysis results showed that Mori cortex extract may have effects on the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,IL-17 signaling pathway,and TNF signaling pathway.The antibacterial experiment re-sults showed that the MIC50 values of Xinjiang Mori Cortex extract against Streptococcus mutans,Streptococcus sanguis and Actinomyces viscosus were 0.5,0.5 and 0.25 mg/mL,respectively,and the MBCs were 4.0,2.0 and 1.0 mg/mL,re-spectively.The inhibitory effect of Xinjiang Mori Cortex extract on the acid production,polysaccharide production and adhesion ability of three major cariogenic bacteria in the planktonic state was stronger than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).The MBIC50 was 1.0,1.0,and 0.5 mg/mL,and the MBRC50 was 4.0,4.0,and 2.0 mg/mL.SEM observation showed that the amount of biofilm formation decreased with the drug concen-tration compared with the control group.Conclusion Xinjiang Mori cortex extract can prevent caries through querce-tin,kaempferol,and β-sitosterol active ingredients,TNF、IL-6、IL-1 β key targets and multiple pathways and inhibit the growth,acid production,polysaccharide production,and adhesion ability of three major cariogenic bacteria in the plank-tonic state and has some inhibitory effect on corticogenic biofilm formation.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between human papilloma virus (HPV)16 E6/7-specific T cell immune response in the periphral blood and clinical features and prognosis of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC).Methods:Seventy-two patients pathologically diagnosed with CSCC admitted to Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from June 2013 to October 2015, and 75 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The special responses of peripheral blood T cells to E6 and E7 overlapping peptides before treatment were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The differences of frequency and intensity expression of specific immune responses between two groups were analyzed by chi-square χ2 test and nonparametric test. The correlation between antigen-specific immune response and T cell subsets was analyzed by Spearman test. Log-rank test and Cox’s regression model were employed for univariate and multivariate prognostic analyses. Results:The frequencies of HPV16 E6-ad E7-specific T cell responses in CSCC patients were significantly higher than those in healthy controls (51.39% vs. 29.33%, P=0.006 and 45.83% vs.25.33%, P=0.009), and the mean intensities were also considerably higher than those in healthy controls (20.00 SFC/10 6vs.10.76 SFC/10 6, P<0.001 and 16.17 SFC/10 6vs.10.72 SFC/10 6, P=0.017). The intensity of HPV16 E6-specific T cell immune response was positively correlated with the CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio in the peripheral blood of CSCC patients ( r=0.279, P=0.018). And a strong correlation was noted between E7-specific T cell immune response intensity and increasing proportion of NK+ cells ( r=0.274, P=0.020). Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that therapeutic mode (radiotherapy vs. concurrent chemoradiotherapy, HR=2.918, 95% CI 1.454-5.854, P=0.003) and E6-specific T cell response (response group vs. no response group, HR=0.491, 95% CI 0.243-0.99, P=0.047) were the independent prognostic factors influencing the clinical prognosis. The 5-year overall survival in patients with HPV16 E6-specific T cell responses was significantly higher than that in the no response group (64% vs.41%, P=0.041). Conclusions:The intensity of HPV16 E6-specific T cell immune response is positively correlated with the CD 4+/CD 8+ ratio. No HPV16 E6-specific T cell response and radiotherapy alone are more likely to cause poor prognosis of CSCC patients.

Background: Handan Eye Study (HES), a large population-based cohort study in rural area of northern China, was one of the few studies focusing on the major eye diseases of rural Chinese population. The aim of this study was to introduce the design, methodology and to assess the data quality of the follow-up phase of HES. Methods: All participants were recruited in Yongnian county of Handan city between 2012 and 2013. Main outcomes were measured by visual quality scales and ocular examinations. We performed the Chi-square test to make comparison of categorical data among groups, One-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis test was applied to make comparison of continuous data among groups, a post-hoc test was done to make further pairwise comparison. Inter-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Kappa coefficients were used to evaluate the consistency between different operators. Logistic regression was used to explore the influence factors of death, odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to estimate the effect size of each influence factor. Results: The follow-up rate was 85.3%. Subjects were classified into three groups: the follow-up group (n = 5394), the loss to follow-up group (n = 929), and the dead group (n = 507), comparison of their baseline information was done. Compared with the other two groups, age of the dead group (66.52 ± 10.31 years) was the oldest (Z = 651.293, P < 0.001), male proportion was the highest (59.0%) (χ² = 42.351, P < 0.001), only 65.9% of the dead finished middle school education (Z = 205.354, P < 0.001). The marriage percentage, body mass index (BMI), best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and intra-ocular pressure of the dead group was the lowest either. Spherical equivalent error (SER) of the dead group was the highest. Besides, history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease were more common in the dead group. Multivariate analysis showed that age (OR = 1.901, 95% CI: 1.074–1.108), gender (OR = 0.317, 95% CI: 0.224–0.448), and BCVA (OR = 0.282, 95% CI: 0.158–0.503) were associated with death. While between the follow-up group and the loss to follow-up group, there was only difference on age, gender, BMI, systolic blood pressure and SER. The Cronbach coefficients of all scales used in the follow-up were ≥0.63 and the cumulative variances were ≥0.61, indicating good reliability and validity. The ICCs and Kappa coefficients between different operators were ≥0.69. Conclusions HES has a high follow-up rate and a low risk of loss to follow-up bias. Age, gender, and BCVA are influence factors of death. Specifically, male subjects are at a higher risk of death than female, age is a risk factor of death while BCVA is a protective factor for death.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and prognosis of cognitive impairment and to find out the risk factors associated with the outcome for better understanding and preventing cognitive impairment in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods: The patients who met the criteria as below: MHD patients (≥3 months) in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2000 to July 2014, ≥18 years old were enrolled and could carry on the montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) of voluntary cooperation. According to the score of MoCA, all enrolled patients were divided into two groups: cognitive impairment (MoCA<26) group and non-cognitive impairment (MoCA≥26) group. The follow-up period was 3 years. There were 130 males, and the incidence, demography data, medical history, hemodialysis data, laboratory examination and prognosis of cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients were prospectively compared and analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors of cognitive impairment. Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox regression model were used for prognostic analysis. Results: A total of 219 MHD patients were enrolled. The incidence of cognitive impairment in MHD patients was 51.6%. There were 130 males, and the ratio of male to female was 1.46∶1. Age was (60.07±12.44) years old and dialysis vintage was (100.79±70.23) months. Compared with non-cognitive impairment group (n=106), patients in cognitive impairment group (n=113) were older, and had higher proportion of education status<12 years, history of diabetes and anuria (all P<0.05); however, the post-dialysis systolic pressure, pre-dialysis diastolic pressure, post-dialysis diastolic pressure, platelet and spKt/V were lower (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that education status<12 years (OR=3.428, 95%CI 1.919-6.125, P<0.001), post-dialysis diastolic pressure<73 mmHg (OR=2.234, 95%CI 1.253-3.984, P=0.006) and spKt/V<1.72(OR=1.982, 95%CI 1.102-3.564, P=0.022) were the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in MHD patients. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis showed that the survival rate of patients with cognitive impairment was lower than that of non-cognitive impairment group in MHD patients during 3 years follow-up (χ²=3.977, P=0.046). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that cognitive impairment was an independent risk factor for death in MHD patients (RR=2.661, 95%CI 0.967-7.321, P=0.058). Conclusions Cognitive impairment is one of the common complications and an independent risk factor for death in MHD patients. The mortality is high in patients who suffer cognitive impairment. Education status<12 years, post-dialysis diastolic pressure<73 mmHg and spKt/V<1.72 are the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment in MHD patients.

Objective: To explore the effects of high-fat diet exposure on glucolipid metabolism and ovarian function in offspring of female Sprague Dawley rats. Methods: Female and male rats were mated in cages at a ratio of 2∶1. Pregnant mice were collected and randomly divided into normal feed group (control group) and high-fat and high-glucose feed group (observation group). Female offspring were selected as the research object. After the offspring entering the stage of sexual maturity, the blood was taken from abdominal aorta artery. The contents of serum related factors were determined by automatic biochemical analyzer and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. Hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE) was used to directly observe the distribution and quantity of liver tissue and the quantity and structure of ovarian follicles. Results: Compared with the normal control group, the body weight, blood glucose, blood lipids and fat coefficient in high-fat diet rats were significantly increased (P<0.05). The secretions of estradiol (E₂), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in the ovary were significantly reduced (P<0.05). HE slices showed that compared with the normal control group, there were fat vacuoles in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, the increase of hepatocyte arrangement gap, the number of adipocytes and the diameter of fat droplets in the observation group. The quantities of primordial follicles and primary follicles in the ovary showed increasing trend in high-fat diet group, and the diameter of follicles was decreased. Conclusions High-fat and high glucose diet may cause abnormal glucolipid metabolism. It is speculated that high fat diet may cause ovary to be surrounded by fat through fat accumulation in the abdomen and buttocks of female offspring, which directly leads to dysfunction.

Objective To explore the knowledge-attitude-practice (KAP) on public emergency rescue of nurses from Class Ⅱ general hospitals in Xinjiang so as to provide a basis for clinical disaster nursing training and quality control. Methods From November 2016 to July 2017, we selected totals of 523 clinical nurses from 9 Class Ⅱ general hospitals in Xinjiang by chester sampling as subjects. The investigation was carried out with the Clinical Nurses Public Emergency Rescue KAP Questionnaire. Results The score of knowledge, attitude and practice of public emergency rescue of nurses at Class Ⅱ general hospitals in Xinjiang was (42.57±9.28), (31.98±6.05) and (29.70±4.76) respectively. There were significant differences in scores of knowledge, attitude and practice of nurses among different education, positional titles, departments, working lives, whether have been attend to emergency rescue training and whether have been take part in rescue personally (P<0.05). Conclusions The KAP on public emergency rescue of nurses from Class Ⅱ general hospitals in Xinjiang is in a low level. Hospitals should strengthen the knowledge and practice of public emergency for clinical nurses so as to improve the ability of emergency rescue.

Objective:To study the status quo of directive and nondirective support from family or friends among patients with diabetes in community and to explore the association between directive, nondirective support from family or friends and self-management behaviors.Methods: The data of the subjects were from the Community Diagnosis in Tongzhou District, Beijing survey.Questionnaire-based investigation, physical examination and glycated hemoglobin test were conducted on 474 eligible patients in community.The summary of diabetes self-care activities measure (SDSCA) was adopted to investigate the self-management behaviors, and directive and nondirective support scale among patients with diabetes (DNSS-PD) was adopted to measure the directive and nondirective support among patients with diabetes.Results: A total of 452 patients with diabetes were included in the analysis.The average score of directive support was 2.53±1.07, and only 27.6% patients had high level directive support.The average score of nondirective support was 3.13±1.12 and 50.8% patients had high level nondirective support.The average SDSCA total score was 35.38±14.21 and the corresponding scoring percentage was 45.95%.Only 20.6% patients had optimal self-management.The total score, score of diet and physical activity, general self-management situation, diet self-management situation and physical activity self-management situation of the patients in high level directive support group were significantly better than in low level directive support group.The total score, score of self-management behaviors in five aspects (diet, physical activity, blood glucose self-monitoring, foot care and smoking), general self-management situation, self-management situation of five aspects of patients in high level nondirective support group were significantly better than in low level nondirective support group.Gender (OR=2.729), nondirective support level (OR=4.890), age (OR=0.969) and body mass index (BMI) (OR=0.819) were important influencing factors of self-management behavior.Conclusion: The status quo of self-management among patients with diabetes is not optimistic.Patients obtain more nondirective support than directive support from family and friends.However, the support level of both nondirective and directive support should be improved in the future.Both high level directive support and high level nondirective support had positive correlation with better self-management behaviors.Nondirective support had positive correlation with five aspects of self-management behavior, while directive support had positive relation with self-management behavior in aspects of diet and physical activity.In addition, more consideration and support of self-management should be provided for older obese male patients with diabetes in community, especially nondirective support.