ObjectiveTo observe the changes in the levels of different subtypes of epidermal growth factor receptor （ErbB）， namely ErbB1， ErbB2， ErbB3， and ErbB4， in the spinal dorsal horn of inflammatory pain model rats， and to explore their mechanism of mediating hyperalgesia as well as the intervention mechanism of electroacupuncture at "Zusanli （ST 36）" and "Kunlun （BL 60）". MethodsThe study was divided into five parts. In experiment 1， 14 Sprague Dawley （SD） rats were randomly divided into control and inflammatory pain group （7 rats each group） to observe the pain behavior and the protein expression of different ErbB receptor subtypes in the spinal dorsal horn. In experiment 2， 30 rats were randomly divided into control group 1， inflammatory pain group 1， and low-， medium-， and high-concentration TX1-85-1 groups， with 6 rats in each group， to observe the effect of inhibiting spinal ErbB3 on inflammatory pain. In experiment 3， 12 rats were randomly divided into control virus group and ErbB3 knockdown virus group， with 6 rats in each group， to observe the effect of knocking down ErbB3 in the spinal dorsal horn on inflammatory pain. In experiment 4， 44 rats were randomly divided into control group 2， inflammatory pain group 2， electroacupuncture group， and sham electroacupuncture group， with 11 rats in each group， to observe the effect of electroacupuncture. In experiment 5， 40 rats were randomly divided into control group 3， inflammatory pain group 3， electroacupuncture group 1， and electroacupuncture + NRG1 group， with 10 rats in each group， to observe the effect of activating ErbB3 on electroacupuncture. A rat model of inflammatory pain was established by subcutaneous injection of 100 μl of complete Freund's adjuvant into the sole of the unilateral hind foot of SD rats. Rats in the low-， medium-， and high-concentration TX1-85-1 groups were intrathecally injected with ErbB3 inhibitor TX1-85-1 on day 5 to day 7 after modeling. Rats in the ErbB3 knockdown virus group were injected with ErbB3 knockdown virus packaged with adenovirus vector-based short hairpin RNA （shRNA） into the spinal dorsal horn in situ 3 weeks before modeling. Rats in each electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at bilateral "Zusanli （ST 36）" and "Kunlun （BL 60）" from day 1 to day 7 after modeling， with dense-sparse waves at a frequency of 2 Hz/100 Hz and a current of 0.5-1.5 mA for 30 minutes once a day. Rats in the electroacupuncture + NRG1 group were intrathecally injected with ErbB3 ligand recombinant human neuregulin-1 （NRG1） after electroacupuncture intervention from day 5 to day 7 after modeling. The mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats were measured on day 1， 3， 5， and 7 after modeling to evaluate behavior， and Western Blot was used to detect the protein and phosphorylation levels of each ErbB subtype in the spinal dorsal horn. ResultsCompared with the control group， rats in the inflammatory pain group showed decreased mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats， and increased expression of phosphorylated ErbB3 （p-ErbB3） protein in the spinal dorsal horn on days 1， 3， 5， and 7 after modeling （P＜0.01）. On day 5 and day 7 after modeling， compared with the inflammatory pain group 1， the mecha-nical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats in the medium- and high-concentration TX1-85-1 groups increased， and the expression of p-ErbB3 protein decreased （P＜0.05）. On day 1， 3， 5， and 7 after modeling， compared with the control virus group， the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats in the ErbB3 knockdown virus group increased （P＜0.05）. On day 5 and day 7 after modeling， compared with the inflammatory pain group 2 and the sham electroacupuncture group， the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats in the electroacupuncture group increased， and the expression of p-ErbB3 protein decreased （P＜0.05）. On day 5 and day 7 after modeling， compared with the electroacupuncture + NRG1 group， the mechanical withdrawal threshold and thermal withdrawal latency of rats in the electroacupuncture group 1 increased （P＜0.05）. ConclusionThe p-ErbB3 in the spinal dorsal horn involved in hyperalgesia in rats with inflammatory pain， and electroacupuncture at "Zusanli （ST 36）" and "Kunlun （BL 60）" can alleviate inflammatory pain by inhibiting the expression of p-ErbB3 protein in the spinal dorsal horn of rats.

Objective: To evaluate the practical effectiveness of confidential unit exclusion (CUE) in ensuring blood safety in Zhengzhou, analyze its application characteristics and existing problems, and provide a basis for optimizing blood safety management strategies. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on CUE data handled by Henan Red Cross Blood Center from January 2019 to December 2024. Parameters such as the number of cases, demographic characteristics, reasons for exclusion, and time of report were statistically analyzed and compared with those of non-CUE. Results: From 2019 to 2024, the CUE reporting rate in Zhengzhou was 0.002 6% (40/1 547 666). CUE donors were predominantly male (65.00%, 26/40), aged 18-34 years (47.50%, 19/40), had college degree orabove (50.00%, 20/40), and were employees of enterprises or public institutions (32.50%, 13/40). Among the 40 CUE blood units, only one was reactive for anti-TP, while all others were qualified. The main reasons for CUE were recent vaccination (32.50%, 13/40), medical conditions unsuitable for donation (27.50%, 11/40), and high-risk sexual behavior (17.50%, 7/40). A total of 70.00% of reports occurred within 24 hours after donation, during which none of the corresponding blood units had been released; all units reported after more than 7 days had already been issued for clinical use, with no adverse transfusion reactions reported upon follow-up. Conclusion: The confidential unit exclusion program has played an active role in establishing a supplementary information feedback channel for blood donors. The procedure can be optimized by strengthening interactive communication and confirmation before donation, improving the accuracy of donors' self-assessment, and expanding convenient and rapid information-based reporting channels.

ObjectiveTo provide a basis for the establishment of an ideal animal model of allergic asthma by statistically analyzing the modeling characteristics and the selection of indicators of the available models. MethodsWe retrieved the relevant articles from China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI）， VIP， Wanfang Data， SinoMed， and PubMed with "allergic asthma" as the keyword and the time interval from January 2019 to January 2024. Through integrating the literature and extracting data， we used Excel 2021 to create a personal database and sorted out the animal strains， genders， allergenic substances， modeling routes， and test indicators and methods. Excel 2021， Cytoscape 3.10.2， and SPSS Modeler 18.0 were then used to analyze the relevant characteristics of the animal models. ResultsA total of 418 articles were included in the database， and the comparative analysis showed that the most frequently used animal strain for modeling was BALB/c mice， and female animals were mostly used. The main modeling method was sensitization by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin （OVA）， which was combined with intranasal inhalation. The test indicators mainly included appearance signs， cellular analysis， lung histopathology， lung function indicators， and protein and gene expression in the lung. The test methods mainly involved pathological staining， enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay， immunohistochemistry， immunofluorescence， Western blot， and polymerase chain reaction（PCR） assays. ConclusionThere is no recognized modeling method or evaluation standard for the animal models of allergic asthma. Based on the results of data analysis， the OVA-induced allergic asthma model in BALB/c mice is recommended. The main criteria for evaluating the success of modeling are the general behavioral changes， the morphological changes of the airway and inflammatory cell infiltration in the lung tissue， the changes of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in the serum， and the alterations of inflammatory cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.

A 20-year-old male patient presented to the Department of Dermatology of Peking Union Medical College Hospital with complaints of an 8-year history of facial scarring, swelling of the lower limbs, and a 4-year history of scalp thickening. Physical examination showed thickening furrowing wrinkling of the skin on the face and behind the ears, ciliary body hirsutism, blepharoptosis, and cutis verticis gyrate. Both lower limbs were swollen, especially the knees and ankles. The skin of the palms and soles of the feet was keratinized and thickened. Laboratory examination using bone and joint X-ray showed periostosis of the proximal middle phalanges and metacarpals of both hands, distal ulna and radius, tibia and fibula, distal femurs, and metatarsals.Genetic testing revealed two variants in SLCO2A1, c.1658T > A and c.96+4A > C.Through multidisciplinary consultation, we confirmed the diagnosis of pachydermoperiostosis.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Xiaoxuming Decoction combined with conventional Western medicine therapy in the treatment of patients with ischemic stroke in the recovery period.Methods:A randomized controlled clinical study was conducted. A total of the 118 patients with wind phlegm obstructing collaterlas syndrome during the recovery period of ischemic stroke in our hospital from September 2023 to July 2024 were selected as the observation subjects. They were divided into two groups using a random number table method, with 59 patients in each group. The control group was treated with conventional Western medicine therapy, while the TCM group was treated with modified Xiaoxuming Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 2 months and followed up for 1 month. TCM syndrome scoring was performed before and after treatment, Barthel Index was used to evaluate daily living ability, and carotid artery ultrasound detector was used to evaluate the stability of carotid vascular plaques. Inter group comparisons were performed using t test, χ2 test, or repeated measures analysis of variance (RM-ANOVA). Results:RM-ANOVA showed that the time effect and inter group effect of TCM syndrome integration in the TCM group were significantly different from those in the control group ( Ftime=55.56, Ptime<0.001); Fbetween=18.94, Pbetween<0.001); there was no statistical significance in the interaction effect compared to the control group ( Finteraction=0.24, Pinteraction=0.866); the time effect, inter group effect, and interaction effect of Barthel Index in the TCM group were significantly different from those in the control group ( Ftime=44.57, Ptime<0.001); Fbetween=18.94, Pbetween<0.001; Finteraction=7.45, Pinteraction<0.001). The number of patients with unstable plaques in the TCM group after 3 months of treatment was lower than that in the control group ( χ2=4.52, P=0.033). Conclusion:The combination of modified Xiaoxuming Decoction and conventional Western medicine therapy can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and daily living ability of patients in the recovery period of ischemic stroke, improve the stability of cervical vascular plaques, and the clinical efficacy becomes more significant over time.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of changes in hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis B virus(HBV)deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels following the cessation of nucleos(t)ide analogues(NAs)therapy in hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients with baseline HBsAg levels<1000 IU/ml.Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed 73 HBeAg-negative CHB patients treated at the Fifth Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2020 to June 2023.Patients were divided into 3 groups according to baseline HBsAg level and discontinuation strategy:HBsAg-negative discontinuation group(n=14),HBsAg-positive discontinuation group(n=25),and HBsAg-positive continuation group(n=34).All patients were followed for 48 weeks.Baseline clinical characteristics and changes in virological and hepatic biochemical indicators during follow-up were compared among the 3 groups.Univariate logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the correlation between clinical indicators and HBV DNA reappearance in HBsAg-positive discontinuation group,and between clinical indicators and HBsAg decline>0.5 log IU/ml in this group.Results There were no significant differences in the baseline levels of gender,age,albumin,and total bilirubin among the 3 groups(P>0.05).The baseline direct bilirubin level was significantly higher in HBsAg-positive discontinuation group than that in other groups(P<0.05),while the lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in HBsAg-negative discontinuation group(P<0.05).During the 48-week follow-up period,the HBV DNA reappearance rate in HBsAg-positive discontinuation group(72.0%)was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of ALT elevation among the three groups(P=0.260).The proportion of patients with HBsAg decline>0.5 log IU/ml in HBsAg-positive discontinuation group(24.0%)was significantly higher than that in HBsAg-positive continuation group(5.9%,P<0.05).The proportion of patients with HBsAg increase>0.5 log IU/ml in HBsAg-positive discontinuation group(12.0%)was also significantly higher than that in HBsAg-positive continuation group(0%,P<0.05).Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed no significant association between the analyzed clinical indicators and HBsAg decline(P>0.05).Conclusions Discontinuation of NAs therapy in HBsAg-negative patients demonstrates high safety,with sustained HBsAg negativity post-cessation and low risks of viral relapse and liver function abnormalities.For HBsAg-positive patients,discontinuation may promote HBsAg decline in some individuals but is associated with risks of HBV DNA reappearance and HBsAg elevation.The decision to discontinue therapy should be comprehensively evaluated based on patients'baseline HBsAg levels and clinical characteristics.

The tumor microenvironment is a crucial factor in tumor occurrence and progression. The hypoxic microenvironment is widely present in tumor tissue and is a key endogenous factor accelerating tumor deterioration. The "blood stasis toxin" theory, as an emerging perspective in tumor research, is regarded as the unique "soil" in tumor progression from the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) due to its dynamic evolution mechanism, which closely resembles the formation of the hypoxic microenvironment. Scientifically integrating TCM theories with the biological characteristics of tumors and exploring precise syndrome differentiation and treatment strategies are key to achieving comprehensive tumor prevention and control. This article focused on the hypoxic microenvironment of the tumor, elucidating its formation mechanisms and evolutionary processes and carefully analyzing the internal relationship between the "blood stasis toxin" theory and the hypoxic microenvironment. Additionally, it explored the interaction among blood stasis, toxic pathogens, and hypoxic environment and proposed micro-level prevention and treatment strategies targeting the hypoxic microenvironment based on the "blood stasis toxin" theory, aiming to provide TCM-based theoretical support and therapeutic approaches for precise regulation of the hypoxic microenvironment.
Humans ; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects* ; Neoplasms/therapy* ; Animals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Disease Progression ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal

OBJECTIVE: To determine risk factors for cutout failure in geriatric intertrochanteric fracture patients after cephalomedullary nail fixation. METHODS: A retrospective review of 518 elderly patients who underwent cephalomedullary nail fixation for intertrochanteric fractures between January 2008 and August 2018 was conducted, including 167 males and 351 females, age from 65 to 97 years old. All patients were followed up for at least one year after surgery and divided into a healed group and a cutout group based on whether the hip screw cutout occurred. Among all patients, 10 cases experienced hip screw cutout. The general information, surgical data, and radiological data of the two groups were compared, and risk factors influencing hip screw cutout were analyzed. Propensity score matching was then performed on the cutout group based on gender, age, body mass index(BMI), and American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA), and 40 patients from the healed group were matched at a ratio of 1∶4. Key risk factors affecting hip screw cutout were further analyzed. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate associations between variables and cutout failure. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences between the healed group and the cutout group in terms of age, gender, BMI, ASA, and AO classification. However, statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of reduction quality(P=0.003) and tip-apex distance(TAD), P<0.001. Multivariate analysis identified poor reduction quality OR=23.138, 95%CI(2.163, 247.551), P=0.009 and TAD≥25 mm OR=30.538, 95%CI(2.935, 317.770), P=0.004 as independent risk factors for cutout failure. CONCLUSION The present study identified poor reduction quality and TAD≥25 mm as factors for cutout failure in geriatric intertrochanteric fractures treated with cephalomedullary nails. Further studies are needed to calculate the optimal TAD for cephalomedullary nails.
Humans ; Male ; Female ; Hip Fractures/surgery* ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aged ; Risk Factors ; Retrospective Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary/adverse effects* ; Bone Nails ; Bone Screws

AIM: To investigate the correlation of degree of myopia in adolescents with axial length, corneal curvature and axial ratio.METHODS: Cross-sectional study. A total of 246 adolescents(492 eyes)aged 8-18 years consecutively enrolled for orthokeratology lens fitting at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between 2021 and 2023 were included based on random sampling method, with 447 eyes finally included due to the elimination of 45 eyes that did not meet the inclusion criteria. Biometric measurements under scotopic conditions assessed axial length(AL), corneal radius of curvature(CR), and AL/CR ratio. Cycloplegic refraction determined spherical equivalent(SE), classifying eyes into mild(216 eyes)or moderate(231 eyes)myopia groups. Furthermore, the correlation of degree of myopia with AL, CR and AL/CR was analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.RESULTS: A statistically significant difference in myopia severity was observed between the 8-12-year-old and 13-18-year-old age groups(all P<0.001). There were statistically significant differences between mild and moderate groups in SE, AL and AL/CR(all P<0.001). Linear regression analysis revealed significant negative correlations of SE with AL and AL/CR(r=-0.531, -0.598, all P<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve(AUC)for predicting moderate myopia were 0.812(95% CI: 0.773-0.852)for AL/CR combined with gender and age, 0.800(95% CI: 0.759-0.841)for AL/CR alone, 0.726(95% CI: 0.680-0.773)for AL alone, and 0.548(95% CI: 0.494-0.601)for CR alone. The optimal AL/CR cut-off value for predicting moderate myopia was 3.189(sensitivity: 0.632, specificity: 0.852), suggesting its potential as a clinical threshold.CONCLUSION: In adolescents with mild-to-moderate myopia, AL/CR, AL, and SE showed significant negative correlations. The combination of AL/CR with gender and age demonstrated the highest diagnostic accuracy for SE. AL/CR shows independent predictive value for myopia degree in adolescents, irrespective of refractive status.

A rapid analytical method for simultaneous determination of 32 kinds of multi-residue veterinary drugs in eggs was developed using a modified QuEChERS technique based on a reduced graphene oxide-coated melamine sponge(r-GO@MeS)by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).The influences of graphene oxide(GO)concentrations,sponge dosages,and purification modes on drug recoveries were investigated during the purification process.The optimal purification conditions involved using a GO concentration of 0.5 mg/mL,a sponge dosage of 6.0 cm3/mL,and a dynamic purification mode of 5 extrusion cycles.Separation was achieved using an Agilent Eclipse Plus C18 RRHD column(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm),and quantitative analysis was performed by the external standard method using an electrospray ionization source(ESI)in multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)mode.The results showed that all 32 kinds of veterinary drugs exhibited good linear correlation with coefficients greater than 0.999,and matrix effects(MEs)ranging from?7.8%to 18.9%.The limits of detection(LODs)and quantification(LOQs)ranged from 0.2 to 10.2 μg/kg and from 0.6 to 28.0 μg/kg,respectively.The recoveries for the three spiked levels were in the range of 66.5%?117.5%,with intra-day and inter-day precision(Relative standard deviation)below 13.3%and 16.3%,respectively.The synthetic r-GO@MeS exhibited efficient matrix purification without the need of high-speed centrifugation or strong magnetic field assistance.This significantly shorted the sample pretreatment time and improved the convenience of the matrix purification process.Combined with UPLC-MS/MS,the method was suitable for the rapid determination of multi-residue veterinary drugs in eggs.